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Online since: December 2013
Authors: Dian Xing Zhu, Xin Li
By carrying out high-level monitoring of the development process through the analysis of pollutants, researching environmental monitoring is to obtain scientific data to guide environmental protection [2].
It is not just the process of determination of the concentration of pollutants, but also includes the process to take on a variety of data of environmental quality measurements.
This process needs to solve, evaluate and analyze the data comprehensively to make sure that the conclusions of environmental quality are accurate and scientific.
Special environmental monitoring in the water and pollution reduction plays an irreplaceable role to make important contributions to environmental protection work [3-4].
With the scientific data to reflect changes in environmental conditions and the law timely and comprehensively, environmental monitoring should be used to improve the quality of the environment as a starting point to meet the needs of modern environmental management direction.
It is not just the process of determination of the concentration of pollutants, but also includes the process to take on a variety of data of environmental quality measurements.
This process needs to solve, evaluate and analyze the data comprehensively to make sure that the conclusions of environmental quality are accurate and scientific.
Special environmental monitoring in the water and pollution reduction plays an irreplaceable role to make important contributions to environmental protection work [3-4].
With the scientific data to reflect changes in environmental conditions and the law timely and comprehensively, environmental monitoring should be used to improve the quality of the environment as a starting point to meet the needs of modern environmental management direction.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: M. Shahrukh Adnan Khan, Rajprasad K. Rajkumar, Rajparthiban K. Rajkumar, C.V. Aravind
RE08A is a rotary encoder kit which can convert the data of rotary motion into a series of electrical pulses which is read by controller.
Modeling and Design Fig. 4 shows the sequence for data collection procedure, the algorithm for the collaboration of DAQ and Labview.
Angular Speed of the turbine was measured from Equation (5) and (6); the data was taken from the Rotary Encoder Kit sensor (Fig. 3.3) which passed the signal to DAQ (Fig. 3.4).
In order to accomplish this goal, we required a rotary encoder kit (RE08A) and a Data Acquisition device (NI-USB 6212 Driver).
The DAQ device acquired the data and sent it to the computer.
Modeling and Design Fig. 4 shows the sequence for data collection procedure, the algorithm for the collaboration of DAQ and Labview.
Angular Speed of the turbine was measured from Equation (5) and (6); the data was taken from the Rotary Encoder Kit sensor (Fig. 3.3) which passed the signal to DAQ (Fig. 3.4).
In order to accomplish this goal, we required a rotary encoder kit (RE08A) and a Data Acquisition device (NI-USB 6212 Driver).
The DAQ device acquired the data and sent it to the computer.
Online since: February 2016
Authors: Sergey P. Zhuravkov, Alexsey Pobol, George Goranskyi, Filipp Saprikin, Galina L. Lobanova
Based on the obtained experimental data the software automatically calculated the value of specific surface area of the sample by BET method.
Mie Scattering Theory is used to determine the quantity of particles of that diameter which will produce the measured reduction in beam intensity.
Experimental data of particle size distribution in ethanol suspensions correspond with the microscopy data.
Table 2 shows the data of specific surface of SPE products in different conditions of dispersion in compartment with the value of specific surface of WC-6Co chip scrap after mechanical grinding sifted to the fractions less than 63 μm.
Table 3 XRD data of powder produced from alloy WC-6Co The phase Content, [% of the mass.]
Mie Scattering Theory is used to determine the quantity of particles of that diameter which will produce the measured reduction in beam intensity.
Experimental data of particle size distribution in ethanol suspensions correspond with the microscopy data.
Table 2 shows the data of specific surface of SPE products in different conditions of dispersion in compartment with the value of specific surface of WC-6Co chip scrap after mechanical grinding sifted to the fractions less than 63 μm.
Table 3 XRD data of powder produced from alloy WC-6Co The phase Content, [% of the mass.]
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Călin Safirescu, Georgiana Iacob, Emil Moldovan, Raluca Andreea Felseghi, Ioan Aşchilean, Teodora Melania Şoimoşan
Background of Case Study
In the elaboration and foundation of case study are necessary defining the particularities regarding the entrance data about the energy request and consumer’s placement, the characteristics of energetic conversion systems, the optimization criteria for system’s configuration, control strategies regarding function of energy generation system and particular financial data to the studied hypothesis.
For the building analyzed was calculated the total energy load at 6759 kWh/year [2], situated in Cluj-Napoca, placement with an availability of primary sources of solar and wind energy according to the official data and professional literature [3,4].
As a general input data set to be allowed to use in parallel a maximum of 30 for PV and a maximum of 2 for TE and was also imposed a maximum of 1% as restriction regarding the maximum permissible load on the percentage annual uncovered.
Fig. 3 Percentage costs of energetic system The generation, stocking and conversion technology of hydrogen is in a continuous development, and as they will be validated the researches visualize a reduction of costs, and these types of equipments and technologies will be competitive in the close future to other technologies from the production and energy stocking domain.
[3] Climate data location NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy: RETScreen Data, Document generated on Mon Jun 9 03:41:38 EDT 2014
For the building analyzed was calculated the total energy load at 6759 kWh/year [2], situated in Cluj-Napoca, placement with an availability of primary sources of solar and wind energy according to the official data and professional literature [3,4].
As a general input data set to be allowed to use in parallel a maximum of 30 for PV and a maximum of 2 for TE and was also imposed a maximum of 1% as restriction regarding the maximum permissible load on the percentage annual uncovered.
Fig. 3 Percentage costs of energetic system The generation, stocking and conversion technology of hydrogen is in a continuous development, and as they will be validated the researches visualize a reduction of costs, and these types of equipments and technologies will be competitive in the close future to other technologies from the production and energy stocking domain.
[3] Climate data location NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy: RETScreen Data, Document generated on Mon Jun 9 03:41:38 EDT 2014
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Ya Jun Wang, Yu Hu, Zheng Zuo, Hua Xi Gao, Lu Ping Zhi
Settled were the indoor data from mechanical and physical tests for rock bodies (Song et al, 2004).
Coupled with wave test, got were 91 series of correlative data between ultrasonic wave and rock bodies’ modulus of deformation.
Fig.5 Correlation between E0−Vp Fitted renewedly were 145 series’ data from feasibly studying stage and technologically operative stage (showed in Fig. 5).
All the data distributed concentratively in one banding zone.
Here, y and x are fitting variables for in situ tests data.
Coupled with wave test, got were 91 series of correlative data between ultrasonic wave and rock bodies’ modulus of deformation.
Fig.5 Correlation between E0−Vp Fitted renewedly were 145 series’ data from feasibly studying stage and technologically operative stage (showed in Fig. 5).
All the data distributed concentratively in one banding zone.
Here, y and x are fitting variables for in situ tests data.
Online since: May 2019
Authors: Marcel Mandel, Volodymyr Kietov, Lutz Krüger
Aballe et al. proposed the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) as a suitable method for subsequent data analysis, which decomposes the data set into several time scales, dn and sn, called crystals by overlying the noise signal with a selected wavelet function.
The electrochemical current noise data were analyzed by the discrete wavelet transform using the MatLab R2017 software and the integrated Wavelet Analyzer tool.
For ensuring a similarity between the curve shape of notified corrosion events in the noise signal and the used wavelet function for the DWT, the symlet function 2 at level 8 was chosen for the data analysis of both signals.
For data interpretation, the coefficients were related to the original noise signal and the observed damage evolution after the tests.
Marcos, Using wavelets transform in the analysis of electrochemical noise data, Electrochim.
The electrochemical current noise data were analyzed by the discrete wavelet transform using the MatLab R2017 software and the integrated Wavelet Analyzer tool.
For ensuring a similarity between the curve shape of notified corrosion events in the noise signal and the used wavelet function for the DWT, the symlet function 2 at level 8 was chosen for the data analysis of both signals.
For data interpretation, the coefficients were related to the original noise signal and the observed damage evolution after the tests.
Marcos, Using wavelets transform in the analysis of electrochemical noise data, Electrochim.
Online since: June 2017
Authors: O.V. Bekareva, I.V. Soloviev, R.Yu. Nekrasov, A.I. Starikov
The second half of the task lies in data analysis of finite element analysis, changes to the original geometric model of the work object.
Point is that each CAD system preserves the geometric model in a format that is accessible only to itself; this is connected with the task of finding a universal and publicly available format of data exchange between different CAD systems [1-3].
These steps are aimed at reducing the total amount of data.
The first batch will be processed according to the CNC data developed on the basis of the initial geometric model, and the second batch - according to the modified geometric model.
Serikbol, I.F.Borovikov, Optimizing technological parameters of the reduction processes in treating steels in a ladle furnace, J.
Point is that each CAD system preserves the geometric model in a format that is accessible only to itself; this is connected with the task of finding a universal and publicly available format of data exchange between different CAD systems [1-3].
These steps are aimed at reducing the total amount of data.
The first batch will be processed according to the CNC data developed on the basis of the initial geometric model, and the second batch - according to the modified geometric model.
Serikbol, I.F.Borovikov, Optimizing technological parameters of the reduction processes in treating steels in a ladle furnace, J.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Lorella Ceschini, Giuliano Sambogna, Fabrizio Tarterini, Carla Martini
The reinforcement content was controlled by image analysis, with Image Pro-Plus software; the volume content of the Al2O3 particles ranged from 19 to 21% and was therefore in agreement with data from the producer (20% in vol.).
The tests carried out by increasing the sliding velocity to 1.8 m/s, led to a severe wear regime already at the lowest load in the experiment (10 N), as highlighted by the data in Fig. 5.
An increase in sliding velocity leads to, in fact, an increase in the heat dissipated due to friction [31, 32], with a consequent reduction of the resistance to the plastic flow of the material, of a growing nature to the increase of the applied loads.
This involves, on the one hand, higher wear rates, on the other, a reduction of the coefficient of friction, up to values of approx. 0.4, as the graph in Fig. 7-b shows.
This was ascribed to two main factors: (i) the achievement of a critical temperature of the matrix, which led to a reduction in the plastic flow resistance of the matrix, as well as to (ii) phenomena of fragmentation and avulsion of the reinforcing particles.
The tests carried out by increasing the sliding velocity to 1.8 m/s, led to a severe wear regime already at the lowest load in the experiment (10 N), as highlighted by the data in Fig. 5.
An increase in sliding velocity leads to, in fact, an increase in the heat dissipated due to friction [31, 32], with a consequent reduction of the resistance to the plastic flow of the material, of a growing nature to the increase of the applied loads.
This involves, on the one hand, higher wear rates, on the other, a reduction of the coefficient of friction, up to values of approx. 0.4, as the graph in Fig. 7-b shows.
This was ascribed to two main factors: (i) the achievement of a critical temperature of the matrix, which led to a reduction in the plastic flow resistance of the matrix, as well as to (ii) phenomena of fragmentation and avulsion of the reinforcing particles.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Luigi Tricarico, Donato Sorgente
The equipment consists in: (i) a blank-holder, (ii) a female die with different cavity shapes for generating on the blank different forming conditions, (iii) a pneumatic circuit for gas supply with an Argon cylinder, proportional electronic valves, steel tubes in proximity of the forming chamber and flexible polyurethane tubes in colder zones, (iv) an electric furnace with its electronic controllers for upper, central and lower zones which can be set with three different temperatures for compensating thermal dispersion, (v) thermocouples to monitor thermal condition on the sheet and on the tools, (vi) a transducer for measuring, during bulging test, the dome height on the specimen and (vii) a PC with a data acquisition I/O device by which pressure, temperature, blank holder force can be monitored and managed.
Second, the post-forming characteristics, in terms of thickness distribution along the sheet and microstructure in the most deformed area of the sheet, are not significantly influenced by this time reduction.
The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated for a simple prismatic geometry of the die cavity but it can be widen to all geometries considering in each situation which is the best compromise between forming time reduction and required post-forming performances of the component.
This approach can be considered valid also for further reasons as: (i) in the conventional approach, at the beginning of the forming process, the most critical area undergoes to very low strain rate values and this can be excessively damaged since it’s well known the bell shaped curve of the strain rate sensitivity index as a function of the strain rate, (ii) if static grain growth takes place, the reduction of forming time is beneficial for all the sheet even if a small portion has been monitored in the pressure optimization.
Zhang, Material modelling data for superplastic forming optimisation, Materials Science and Engineering A 410–411 (2005) 100–104
Second, the post-forming characteristics, in terms of thickness distribution along the sheet and microstructure in the most deformed area of the sheet, are not significantly influenced by this time reduction.
The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated for a simple prismatic geometry of the die cavity but it can be widen to all geometries considering in each situation which is the best compromise between forming time reduction and required post-forming performances of the component.
This approach can be considered valid also for further reasons as: (i) in the conventional approach, at the beginning of the forming process, the most critical area undergoes to very low strain rate values and this can be excessively damaged since it’s well known the bell shaped curve of the strain rate sensitivity index as a function of the strain rate, (ii) if static grain growth takes place, the reduction of forming time is beneficial for all the sheet even if a small portion has been monitored in the pressure optimization.
Zhang, Material modelling data for superplastic forming optimisation, Materials Science and Engineering A 410–411 (2005) 100–104
Online since: March 2022
Authors: Ng Kah Hoe, Nor Ashikin Muhammad Khairussaleh, Gerald A.R. Parke
Most of these studies focused on stiffness reduction and the weight of concrete saving based on the slab thickness and the bubble balls arrangement in the concrete structure.
Later, the recorded data was used to calculate the deflections values of the slab.
If there was a decrease in the displacement observed from the data logger, the final response measurements were recorded as the residual deflection [14].
As the load was removed gradually from the slab, the deflection values showed a significant reduction in the slab’s deflection.
Therefore, even though the bubble deck slab may reduce the amount of concrete used in the construction there are disadvantages in the reduction in the load-carrying capacity and the need for special construction and handling techniques required on the site.
Later, the recorded data was used to calculate the deflections values of the slab.
If there was a decrease in the displacement observed from the data logger, the final response measurements were recorded as the residual deflection [14].
As the load was removed gradually from the slab, the deflection values showed a significant reduction in the slab’s deflection.
Therefore, even though the bubble deck slab may reduce the amount of concrete used in the construction there are disadvantages in the reduction in the load-carrying capacity and the need for special construction and handling techniques required on the site.