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But there are still some problems about dry cutting Nickel-based superalloys, one of them is the high temperature in cutting zone which negatively affects tool life.
The cutting experimental study was proposed in single-factor method in turning of Ni-based superalloy GH4169.
The chemical components and the physical and mechanical properties of GH4169 are shown in Tab.2 and Tab.3.
Table 1 Tool geometry angles γo αo κr κr' λs αo' 14° 6° 75° 15° -6° 6° Fig.2 Experimental photos Workpiece Tool Dynamometer Lathe Nozzle Charge Amplifier Function Recorder Lathe Workpiece Computer Air Source Ionizer Device Table 2 Chemical components of the materials used（Wt）% GH4169 Ni Cr Nb Mo Ti C Al Si Mn 51.75 17.00 5.11 2.93 1.04 0.042 0.41 0.21 0.03 Table 3 Physical and mechanical properties of the materials used Yield strength σs（MPa） Tensile strength σb (MPa) Elongation δ（%） Cross-section contraction ratio φ（%） Hardness HBS 1260 1430 24 40 390 Table 4 The lubricating conditions and parameters Lubrication conditions Parameters Pressure [MPa] Cooling distance [mm] Flux [L/min] Concentration Dry cutting ---- Cutting fluids 20 1.2 5% Ionized air 0.1 20 25-30 Results and Discussion Experimental Results.(1) The variety of cutting force Fc and cutting temperature θ with cutting

Osamura 4 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan 2 Department of Electric Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan 3 International Innovation Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan 4 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan a hojo_cm@mech.kyoto-u.ac.jp Keywords: Bi2223, Superconducting composite tape, Bending, Delamination Abstract.
These tapes also show excellent superconducting properties at higher magnetic fields.
A key factor limiting application designs is the low tensile fracture strain of Bi2223 filaments (about 0.1%) [6,7].
thickness direction greatly affects the stress and strain distribution, and filament damage of the composite tape.
Ochiai, ed.: Mechanical Properties of Metal Matrix Composites (Marcel Dekker, New York 1993)

The detrimental effect the porosity may have on the mechanical properties is obvious.
Thus there is a gradual transition of properties from the bulk of one phase into another.
The diffusion coefficients depend strongly on composition and temperature and are often, according to Eq. 4, expressed in terms of diffusional mobilities and thermodynamic factors.
The thermodynamic factors can be obtained from software based on thermodynamic databases assessed by the CALPHAD method [24].
[36] Lord Rayleigh, "On the influence of obstacles arranged in rectangular order upon the properties of a medium", Phil.

Physicochemical properties of electroplating sludge influence of many factors, such as the composition of the plating solution, plating process, wastewater treatment process, purification goals.
Whether acid leaches or ammonia leaching, affecting the total recovery of valuable metals and other impurities with the ease of separation of the main factors for the leaching process leaching of valuable metals and valuable metals leaching solution and impurities on the choice of sex.
Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2010

Stainless steel (SS) and titanium (Ti) are commonly used as metal bone implants because of their biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties.
The exact temperature value depends on diverse factors, such as impurities present in the powders or in the substrates used, due to the fact that transition metals can accelerate or inhibit the phase transformation.
Other factors affecting the transformation temperature are particle size and reaction atmosphere.

As shown in Figure 1 to establish the spray cooling model, in order to facilitate the analysis, the spray cooling model is simplified as follow: Fig.1 The model of jet cooling Fig.2 The affect of water density to heat transfer coefficient The flow of steam in steam film is laminar flow ； The physical properties of steam in film are constant and do not change with the temperature； The steam temperature near the cutting area is same to the high-temperature wall ，and the steam temperature in contact with the liquid film is saturated temperature； The fogdrop density is small enough not to influence each other； The fogdrop penetrates the liquid and steam film at the spead of , and maintains the fogdrop as a ball in the course of the move。
So we need to build experimental platform such as: Simulation of the materials generating cutting heat continuously in practice cutting, feeding heat to one end of the test sample, cooling the other end of the test sample with different water density in cryogenic gas atomization jet cooling, and we should minimize the impact of environmental factors as far as possible , check the changes of the temperature real-timely and transmit it to the Data Acquisition Instrument.
There are many factors impact to the spray cooling effect, we mainly consider the amount of water dose achieving the best cooling effect under different temperature of the test sample surface.
References [1] Jialong Ren: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering.
Vol. 15, No.1, 40-42 (2002) （In Chinese ） [2] Hongjun Xu, Yucan Fu, FanghongSun．A basic study on heat affect mechanism and enhancing heat transfer in Contact Zone in efficient Grinding ．Science in China(Series E)，2002，32（3): 297-307 [3] Deb S, Yao S C, analysis on Film Boling Heat Transfer of Impacting Spray [J] .Int J Heat Mass Transfer 1989, 32(11): 2099～2112 [4] MeiGuohui MengHongji WuRongyang Analysis of spray cooling heat transfer coefficient on high temperature surface ENERGY FOR METALLURGICAL INDUSTRY Vo123, No.6,2004 18-23 [5] Liu L and Yao S C, Heat Transfer Analysis of Droplet Flow Impining on a Hot Surface, Heat Transfer 1982, 4, Hemisphere Publishing Co. 1982（6）

This paper deals with the characterization of solidification, cooling and expected properties of continuously cast slabs.
This method provides an opportunity to make a realistic comparison between the solidification and final properties of semis with different chemical compositions as a function of applied casting technologies.
In the model, first the real position of the slab surface is determined, taking into account the affecting circumstances like supporting rolls settings, wear and eccentricity of rolls, bulging.
By introducing proper weight factors (for chemical composition and liquidsolid ratio corrections) quality functions can be derived [4].
The first experience suggests that this evaluation method gives a reliable and global view on the solidification of slabs cast under steady state conditions and on the expected properties of the slabs.

The characteristic of the whole machine directly affects accuracy of gear machining.
The low order modes affect dynamic performance mostly, so thus the paper extracts first four modes as analysis object.
Comprehensive analysis shows that because of using the traditional design method the safety factor is high, the dynamic characteristics is good.
The property parameters of the element are recognized by using the following equation
Guo: Journal of Mechanical Strength Vol.28 (2006), p.5 (In Chinese) [3] K.

The paper studies the influence of aggregates and fillers with negative and positive electrical surface properties on the corrosion resistance of concrete.
Despite the great theoretical and practical significance of the issue of the influence of aggregates and fillers with positive and negative electrical surface properties on the corrosion resistance of concrete, in the last 2-3 decades, such research has not been given due attention.
The aim of this work: to study the influence of aggregates and fillers with different electrical surface properties on the resistance of fine-grained concrete in solutions of MgCl2 (carrier of aggression Мg2+) and Na2SO4 (carrier of aggression SO42-).
Coefficient of concrete resistance samples in MgCl2 solution This is due to the influence of the electrical surface properties of the aggregate on the structure formation of cement stone in the contact zone.
It should be taken into account that the type of filler affects not only the electrical surface properties of capillary walls, but also the formation of the structure of the cement matrix, its porosity.

The conductivity of the ZrO2 was higher   affected by Indium ion may result in increased conductivity, with low resistivity property. 1.
Because of their excellent optical transmittance, desirable chemical and physical properties such as high chemical stability, good corrosion prevention, good ionic conductivity, and adequate mechanical strength, ZrO2 based thin film materials are attributed mainly in the technological importance through influence.
Finally, Keighley High current source metre (model 2401) would be used to examine the (I-V) current and voltage properties. 3.
Those factors primarily encouraged the conducting charge carrier at the same time, increasing carrier mobility in the thin film material.
Wageh, S, Ling, Zhao Su, Xu-Rong, Xu, Growth and optical properties of colloidal ZnS nanoparticles, J.