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Eight cracks on each prism affected the values of transfer lengths.
Using the analytical model [6], the evaluation of the radial and tangential stresses between wire and concrete considering Poisson’s effect, thickness of the edge distance and the mechanical properties of the materials was done.
Conclusions Based on the results of this study the important parameter affecting longitudinal splitting/cracking is the wire indent geometry.
- The second important parameter affecting longitudinal splitting/cracking is the type of concrete mixture used in prefabricating prestressing prisms.
There were no observed cracks on the prisms having ¾ in edge distance - The theoretical analysis shows evaluation of the tangential stresses between wire and concrete, considering Poisson’s effect, the edge distance, and the mechanical properties of the material.

Investigation of Grease Lubrication Effects on The Fretting Wear Behavior of Ball Bearings Siming Wang1, a, Hongli Gao1, b, Mingheng Xu1, c 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China awsm_814@163.com, b13666190615@163.com, cmhxu@163.com Keywords: ball bearing; grease lubrication; fretting wear Abstract.
In the case of automotive wheel bearing against the backdrop of fretting wear caused by rail transport at ‘70s in the US, the ASTM D4170 test was developed in order to select grease having a good fretting protection property [4].
The main parameters that affect the repair capacity of grease are the oscillation angle and contact load.
Sato, in: Study on Fretting Wear of Rolling Bearing (Part 4) - Effects of Various Factors on Fretting Wear, Journal of Japanese Society of Tribologists Vol.40 (1995), p.1029-1036.
China Mechanical Engineer Vol. 11(2000), p. 1146-1149.

Ogunmola and Gaius Nzebuka Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.
In this study, heat transfer in a longitudinal rectangular fin with temperature-dependent thermal properties and internal heat generation has been analyzed using finite volume method.
Therefore, while analyzing the fin, effects of the temperature-dependent thermal properties must be taken into consideration.
Hence, in this work, finite volume method was applied to analyze heat transfer in a longitudinal rectangular fin with temperature-dependent thermal properties and internal heat generation. 2.
Analytical Solutions for Steady Heat Transfer in Longitudinal Fins with Temperature-Dependent Properties, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2013, pp. 14 pages

Nanomaterials have sparked a tremendous focus in recent years owing to their diverse properties.
Nanotechnology is a fast-emerging field of research because of the extraordinary properties of nanomaterials.
If DSS materials are shrunk to nanoscale, their properties improve massively.
Graphene, a nanocomposite, because of its superior thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, it was chosen as the nanofiller.
Numerous factors are important to consider while evaluating the sensor's performance like limit of detection (LOD) and sensitivity of sensor ought to be enough for concentration of neurotransmitters in serum.

These composites are materials with low density, good mechanical and thermal properties well suitable for applications in gas turbines, high temperature tools and other specialised areas requiring increased oxidation and corrosion resistance at high temperatures.
There are many parameters governing the failure of unidirectional composites, such as fibre strength, matrix toughness, flaw size, fibre and matrix elastic properties, fibre volume fraction and fibre-matrix interface properties including fibre-matrix frictional shear stress.
Final properties and micromechanical performances of composite is thus extremely sensitive to the behaviour of the fibre-matrix interface [11-13].
Properties of the matrix, fibre and composite are given in Table 1.
Table 1: Properties of the glass matrix, fibres and composite [23,24,28] Density [g/cm3] Young's modulus [GPa] Poisson's ratio [-] Thermal exp.

Based on experimental study of physical and mechanical properties of main rocks of the roof and floor of the under-group coal seams, and the application of "Up Three Zone" Theory of coal seam roof (the caving zone, water flowing fractured zone and bending sinking zone), "Down Three Zone" Theory of coal seam floor (mining damage zone, water-resisting zone, water-conductive zone) and “Water inrush coefficient” Theory, we analyzed the water inrush risk and divided potential dangerous subareas of water inrush from coal seam floor while mining lower-group coal seams.
Rock physical and mechanical tests In order to hold down quantities of drilling project, the test rock samples were drilled under the shaft.
According to rock physical and mechanical test results, angles of internal friction of these three rocks are 59.61º, 46.20 º and 43.96º respectively(table 1), we choose their weighted average 54.19º (or 0.945 radians)as the angle of internal friction of the stratum.
Ultrasonic Simulation of Seismic Waves Affected by Mine Water Invasion in North China Coalfield[J].
The study of influential factors of Ordovician limestone water inrush under floor in following coal of Zhangcun mine[J].

According to mechanical knowledge of σ=F/S, a force above 4262KN acting on the axel-end can cause the axle-end upsetting.
In order to show the actual results, the material properties in ANSYS are set the same value as that of the actual parameter.
Provided that the analysis results are not affected, it is unwise to choose lower grid-precision grades.
Summary In this paper, reasons of upsetting on axle-end are analyzed with the knowledge of mechanical on the wheelset disassembly and assembly, and the new axle-end protection equipment is designed to solve these problems, which has been analyzed with the finite element software ANSYS.
The application of convex spherical indenter pressing head can eliminate partial load factors cause by mechanical errors and insure the fully fitting of the pressing head and the axle-end surface.

These slicks can affect marine, terrestrial, and human lives if not mitigated properly.
However, the spill intensity and location are key factors in determining the proper treatment with minimum environmental impact and lowest operation cost [1,2].
Cellulose and hemicellulose are responsible for the hydrophilic properties, partial insolubility in organic solvents, and sparingly insolubility in water while the lignin is associated with hydrophobic properties [3].
The effects of pyrolysis temperature and time on the wettability and oil sorption property of the carbonized kapok were also determined.
After each cycle, the solvent was removed from the fibers through mechanical squeezing.

Character Segmentation of Chinese Rubbing Images Using Total Variation Preprocess Han Huang1, Zhi-Kai Huang2, Mou-You Lin2, Ling-Ying Hou2 1School of Mechanical and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, China 2College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330099,China 863503892@qq.com huangzhik2001@163.com Keywords: Image Denoising, Chinese Calligraphy Images, Total Variation, Image Segmentation Abstract.
We can think that Chinese characters segmentation is often easier than in other languages characters rarely need to be split apart, however, owing to the characteristics of stone inscriptions and the acquisition of objective factors of the environment, the original inscription images are filled with so much image noise that it may seriously affects the observation and research for inscription images, as shown in the an examples of rubbed calligraphy documents in Figure 1.
Edge Preserving Total Variation-Based Image Smoothing Early methods for doing image denoising were based on least squares and had the unfortunate property of either smoothing edges or creating spurious oscillations near edges, i.e., the well known ringing phenomenon.

Preparation and Characterization of Rod-like β-Si3N4 Seeds Jun Yang 1, 2, Bo Wang 1, Jiqiang Gao 1, Jianfang Yang 1, Guanjun Qiao 1, Hongjie Wang 1 and Zhihao Jin 1 1 State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, People's Republic of China 2 Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China Keywords: β-Si3N4 powder, Rod-like β-Si3N4 seeds, Preparation, Characterization Abstract.
Despite mechanical characteristics, the wide potential application of this material is still hampered by its relatively low and unpredictable brittle fracture.
In certain essence, the idea β-Si3N4 seed is one of the most important factor for making self-reinforced silicon nitride ceramics, and this reason inspire the interests some researchers.
The resultant rod-like β-Si3N4 grains morphology is affected by the property of additives.
The heterogeneous nucleation was preferred for the uniform grain growth, while, α- to β- phase transformation was a main factor for formation of the rod-like β-Si3N4 grain.