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The jet is a factor responsible for destruction.
To determine the strength properties of materials in the static range, a universal strength machine INSTRON was used, however, to determine the strength properties of materials in the dynamic scope/range, a stand with a split Hopkinson pressure bar was utilised.
The simplification were introduced to the model in such a manner that they do not affect the behaviour of the warhead.
If these properties are too small, the contact of the missile with the armour elements results in their fast extension.
Zielenkiewicz, Experimental analysis of visco-plastic properties of the aluminium and tungsten alloys by means of Hopkinson bars technique, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 566 (2014)

The obtained results show that the presence of the internal fluid and material properties have a great influence on the vibration characteristics of the shell.
The obtained results show the marked influence of the orthotropic material properties, geometry, fluid flow and load parameters on the dynamic stability boundaries and resonance curves.
Table 1 - Shell physical properties.
As observed, the material properties, flow velocity and geometric ratios strongly affect the instability boundaries.
For a harmonic axial load and harmonic lateral pressure both the parametric instability boundaries and resonance curves are strongly affected by geometric ratios, material properties and the presence of fluid displaying coexistence of chaotic, stable and unstable paths.

Effect of Injector Nozzle Design on Spray Characteristics for Hydrogen Direct Injection Engine Conditions Mohd Radzi Abu MANSOR1,a *, Nor Afzanizam SAMIRAN2, Wan Mohd Faizal Wan MAHMOOD3 and Nazatul Akhma RAJA4 1,2,3Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. 1,3Centre for Automotive Research, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. 4Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Hydrogen has a unique flammability property compared to other fuels.
Based on majority of past studies, it is commonly found that the nozzle hole geometry of a diesel injector affects the fuel/air mixing process, and therefore the fuel atomization, which directly influence the combustion and the exhaust emissions.
It was also determined as the most important factor in increasing fuel economy.

The interface of bitumen mixture is the key factor for each distress.
Zhang, Rheological properties of amorphous poly alpha olefin (APAO) modified asphalt binders.
Yi, Effect of Surface Active Agents on the Rheological Properties and Solubility of LDHs Modified Asphalt.
Greenfield, Analyzing properties of model asphalts using molecular simulation.
Holste, Use of surface free energy properties of the asphaltaggregate system to predict moisture damage potential.

Electrospinning is a popular procedure for producing nanofibers due to ease of implementation and cost-effectiveness of the process, and the unique properties and versatile applications of the resultant nanofibers [6-11].
Although electrospinning is simple and straightforward, the mechanism of fiber formation involves complex electro-fluid-mechanical issues and there are many factors that can affect the fiber diameters and morphology.
Approaches that have been attempted to produce thin nanofibers include manipulation of intrinsic solution properties, addition of additives such as salts and surfactants to polymer solutions; and control of process parameters or ambient conditions [14-17].
Because the presence of sufficient chain-entanglement density in the working solution necessary to prevent capillary breakup and Rayleigh instability is the first and foremost factor for producing nanofibers with uniform structure, thinning nanofibers through reducing the polymer concentrations is often compromised by the detriment of nanofibers’ quality [18,19].
It has been applied broadly in controlling secondary structures of nanofibers, encapsulating drugs or biological agents into the polymer nanofibers, preparing nanofibers from materials that lack filament-forming properties, enclosing functional liquids within the fiber matrix, manipulating the size of self-assembled nanoparticles, preparing ultrafine fibers from concentrated polymer solutions previously thought to be unspinnable, and improving nanofibers’ quality systematically [22-30].

Several key factors influence energy expenditure in rock destruction: material properties, cutting mechanics, and tool design.
Rock properties, including Mohs hardness (H), abrasiveness, and fracture toughness (KIC), directly affect the energy required for fragmentation.
Unlike traditional models, the proposed framework accounts for time-dependent factors, such as tool wear rate and variable rock heterogeneity, using a coupled energy-interaction model [23].
Tests were conducted on three rock types – granite, limestone, and sandstone – to capture a range of material properties.
Pan, Shear properties of fragmented rock masses-model tests and theories, J.

Recently, more and more researchers have combined biomaterial scaffolds with different cells, constructing bone tissues in vitro for tissue regeneration with the same physical and biological properties as natural tissues.
Amongst them, calcium alginate microbeads are widely used in cell embedding, the release of drugs and growth factors as well as tissue engineering fields [5-7] because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, high mechanical strength, good toughness and its three dimensional porous network structures, which can provide microenvironment for cell growth and stretching and also support cellular proliferation as well as induced differentiation in vitro.
Studies have shown that containing a large number of hydroxyapatite and BMP growth factor, bone power can promote the growth and differentiation of seed cells, and can also be recognized and creeping substituted [8] by host tissue cells after being implanted in vivo for its good osteoinductive activity.
For traditional 3D static culture [9,10], however, the mass transfer resistance restricts mass transfer of nutrients into scaffold and timely expulsion of metabolic products of internal cells, which seriously affects their normal proliferation and differentiation.
On one hand, microbeads can protect ADSCs from mechanical damage produced by fluid flow.

Thus, a transition to the phase level providing formation of colloidal systems with the given properties, engineering of both standard and synthetic genetic code carriers, becomes essentially a kind of material nanoprocessing.
The same factors which allow to control individual NA molecules (electron beam, laser radiation, thermal effect in thermal cycling) can be also used as the tools for material processing.
For the above purposes, it is necessary to perform the following measurements: a) design a system for the synthesis of nucleic acids with any specific properties and new bases introduced into the molecular structure of the biopolymers; b) thermogravymetric analysis of the extrusion processes or high-temperature processing, up to coking of the nucleic acids; c) examination of the original granulated sample surface and identification of partial anisotropy in it in order to predict its role in further sample processing; d) study of the charging of nucleic acid samples, as well as their derivatives, which affects their behavior under an electron / ion beam, as well as the manifestation of semiconductor or dielectric properties (the latter has also been shown for organo-inorganic DNA-containing coordination structures [147-150], which were expected to be used as an element base for new hybrid electronics); e) NMR control of water content, which will affect the quality of products, as well
Williams, Predicting mechanical property plateau in laser polymer powder bed fusion additive manufacturing via the critical coalescence ratio, Materials and Design (2021) 109474
Kadayifcilar, Electrical and intrface properties of Au/DNA/n-Si organic-on-inorganic structures, Microelectronic Engineering 86(11) (2009) 2305-2311

Its effectiveness is influenced by soil type, climate, and other environmental factors, requiring adjustment to land conditions, which can incur additional costs [49].
Silica has strong mechanical properties, relatively inert chemical compositions, adjustable pore sizes, and modifiable surface characteristics, making it suitable for various applications [48].
Residual DTAB left in the final product can lead to contamination and affect the surface properties and reactivity of mesoporous silica materials [85].
Furthermore, the material exhibits robust mechanical properties, a large specific surface area, low column pressure, and high resistance to radiation, rendering it suitable for removing cesium ions from seawater [101].
Ran, “Adsorption materials for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the key factors for VOCs adsorption process: A review,” Sep Purif Technol, vol. 235, no.

The life cycle list was calculated and the environmental impact of the main processes was examined using the ReCiPe method, and the main factors of environmental impact were identified.
Introduction NdFeB(neodymium iron boron) magnets are by far the most cost-effective magnets, featuring light weight, small size, good mechanical properties and strong magnetic properties [1-4].
In this paper, the properties of pollutant emissions and resource and energy consumption associated with production processes are used to characterize climate change (GWP), particulate matter formation (PMFP), fossil resource depletion (FDP), freshwater consumption (WCP), human toxicity (HTP), photochemical ozone formation (POFP), land acidification (AP), freshwater ecotoxicity (The eight impact categories of the (WTP) are identified as follows mid-point model evaluation indicators.
The reason for this is that the ethanol emitted during the calcium reduction phase contributes only to WTP, and therefore has the highest WTP sensitivity; however, for the calcium reduction process, the HTP characterization factor is 2-5 orders of magnitude more than the WTP characterization factor, and therefore has the highest HTP sensitivity in the calcium reduction process.
The main factors and sources of environmental stresses are identified by developing a life cycle model of the production process, calculating life cycle inventories and environmental impacts associated with the main processes.