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These diverse applications rely on the piezoelectric, pyroelectic and ferroelectric properties of the PZT material.
Generally, properties are improved as the film thickness is increased.
The phase composition of films has strong influence on their piezo and ferroelectric properties.
This phase was reported to degrade electrical properties significantly [6].
This knowledge can shed light on the ferroelectric/piezoelectric properties thickness dependence.

Good optical properties: This paper can also down more than 80% about the usage on visible sunlight and its reflectivity is very low.
An increase in reflectivity is adversely lower the transmittance to affect the image quality.
The transparency of visible light and infrared ray on the transparent substrate is also affected by light reflection, penetration, absorption, scattering and other factors.
The good workability of PMMA sheet has made it easy to be thermo-formed (including mold pressing, blow molding and vacuum forming) in any shapes and mechanical processed such as turning, drilling, cutting and so on.

School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. 2.
Moreover, the shortfall will also lead to the voltage of the bus bar increasing significantly, the overcurrent of inverters, the distortion of the on-grid current, and all of these will greatly affect the quality of the energy seriously.
When the grid voltage recovers to the dead band voltage, the PV on-grid inverter should keep the voltage support for 500ms, which is claimed by the property of LVRT.
The formula of the referential current can be obtained from the inverse transformation of formula (3-4) : (3-5) Regardless of the active oscillating power p2, reactive oscillating power q2,q0=0, the formula(3-5) will transform to (3-6) When the asymmetrical falling happens to the grid, in order to decrease the shaking of the bus bar on DC side and the value of THD of the on-grid current on AC side, the direction of power commutating, the changing of the instantaneous active power and reactive power, the vector of voltage and current on different coordinate systems(static coordinate system, coordinate system, rotating coordinate system, solar coordinate system), all of these factors are needed to be considerate when to calculate the referential current.
(3-11) We introduce correction factor, and the reactive referential current will be obtained (3-12) The analyzing of reactive referential current is the same with active referential current, with the changing of , the percentage of on-grid positive sequence current and the negative sequence current can be adjusted.

However, the sensor will conduct electrochemical reaction in seawater, at the same time, when the probe is falling free, its own declining rate, attitude angle and so on all may affect the measurement result and cause the data deviation.
To get accurate and effective current data, based on the mathematical model and against the effect factors of measurement results, this paper provides the neural network modification method based on generalization ability [2] ，and discusses the design of system circuit and sensor electrode.
Therefore, the selection of electrode material is very important, apart from a good electrical property, its physical properties such as thermal expansion coefficient, strength, corrosion, oxidation, etc. also should be ensured.
Compared with the normal Ag / AgCl cladding electrode, its main advantages are: 1) it has good anti-polarization interference performance, high accuracy and low noise; 2) No wear problems, good mechanical properties and easy to be facilitated various shapes electrode by machining; 3) it can well send the electric field letter.
Among them, the learning algorithm of network weights uses Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm [12], which is the improved form of Gauss – Newton method, it not only has the local properties of Gauss - Newton method, but also owns the global properties of gradient method.

Surface properties of particles are more dominant than bulk properties as particle size decreases.
In the ceramic industry, it is specially investigated for colloidal processing, dispersion and agglomeration, friction, and chemical mechanical polishing.
Colloidal stabilization is importantly considered in ceramic processing to control rhelogical properties and achieve maximum particle packing densities.
The behavior and property of the particulate system is dominated by the net force acting on the given particle.
The properties such as solubility, molecular weight, ionic charge developed in the liquid medium are critical factors to decide the proper dispersant in the given system.

In addition, data on the hydrogen sorption properties of the Laves phase TiMn1.5 at elevated temperatures and pressures were obtained.
[2] Umerenkova, K., Borysenko, V., Kondratenko, O., Lievtierov, A., Determination of Thermophysical Properties of Alternative Motor Fuels as an Environmental Aspect of Internal Combustion Engines.
Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 22 3 (2019) 44–49
[41] Jiang, P., Feng, Z., Xu, Zh., Li, Z., Liu, B., Wang, Q., Huang, H., Effect of Al-5Ti-1B refiner content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of V-x(Al-5Ti-1B) alloys for hydrogen purification.
[75] Gamo, T., Moriwaki, Y., Yanagihara, N., Yamashita, T., Iwaki T., Formation and properties of titanium–manganese alloy hydrides, in: T.N.

Main physical and chemical properties of binders Specific mass [kg/m3] Specific surface [cm2/g] Chemical composition [%] CaO Al2O3 SiO2 Fe2O3 SO3 TiO2 MgO Others L.O.I.
PC-CSA mixture shows the most severe damage, so much so as to make it impossible to measure the specific mass and the mechanical strength already after 14 days of storage at 4°C.
Taylor, A summary of factors affecting concrete salt-scaling performance, ACI Mater.
Ubertini, Self-Sensing Properties of Green Alkali-Activated Binders with Carbon-Based Nanoinclusions, Sustainability. 12 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12239916
Pastore, Influence of Lithium Carbonate and Sodium Carbonate on Physical and Elastic Properties and on Carbonation Resistance of Calcium Sulphoaluminate-Based Mortars, Appl.

Efficiency of the polishing process is determined by the properties of abrasive grains, including its form parameter and orientation in the body of the grinding tool.
Besides that, despite the low accuracy of the colorimetric method for determining the temperature gives a clear idea about the depth of the heat affected zone in the longitudinal and transverse directions with respect to the cutting plane.
Thus, in cases where it is necessary to minimize tool wear as much as possible and high temperature in the cutting zone are not a limiting factor, it is advantageous to focus grinding grains in the tangential direction.
Korotkov, Operational properties of abrasive materials, Publishing house of Krasnoyarsk University, Krasnoyarsk, 1992
Catalogue, All-Russian Research Institute of Information and Feasibility Studies in Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Moscow, 1986

F1, F2, F3, and the commercial FGG recorded dropping points higher than 350 °C, indicating no dropping point properties for the tested greases.
The comparison was made to set a benchmark for the formulated FGG in terms of physical properties.
About 1 g of chitosan was added in the subsequent formulation to study the effect of chitosan on the properties of the FGG (F3).
The ability of lubricating grease to bleed oil, often known as “grease bleeding”, is one of the factors used to choose lubricating grease [17].
In conclusion, chitosan can be used as an additive to modify and improve the properties of FGG.

Design Consideration of Bio-Inspired Contractible Water-Jet Propulsor for Mini Autonomous Underwater Robot Muhammad Farid Shaari1,a, Zahurin Samad1,b, Mohd Elmi Abu Bakar2,c and Mariatti Jaafar3,d 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. 2School of Aerospace Engineering, University Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. 3School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
This including the dimension variation, stress distribution as well as contraction force which affects the hydrodynamic efficiency of the propulsion.
There are many factors that lead to the acceptance of these materials as active actuator in the contractible water-jet propulsor design.
This property is useful to ensure the developed structure deforms and create empty cavity to draw in water [18,19].
Kim: Analysis of mechanical characteristics of the ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator using cast ion-exchange film, Proceedings of SPIE, (2003) p. 486-495 [12] K.