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Load Spectrum Compilation Based on Nonparametric Statistical Extrapolation Zhiqiang Xu1,a, Hongjian Wang2,b, Mingyao Yao2,c 1 Department of Physical Science and Technology, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China 2 College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun,130025, China azqxkmu@yahoo.com.cn, b414039405@qq.com, cyaomingyao@126.com Keywords: Load Spectrum, Rainflow, Nonparametric Extrapolation, Kernel Function Abstract: Considering the special load characteristics of the wheel loader, this paper focus on compiling the load spectrum of the transmission of the wheel loader using the nonparametric statistical extrapolation method (NSEM).
Hence, load spectrum is widely used in the mechanical field.
There are many human factors in this method, so the statistical results are not satisfactory.
The kernel function is the critical issue in the NSEM, which directly affect the result of extrapolation.
In order to obtain useful signal properties embedded in the tested signals, the signals should be further analyzed and processed.

Thus, a whole range of factors associated with the manufacture of raw materials and the steel products themselves (profiles, fencing, panels, etc.) has a significant impact on the occurrence and development of corrosion processes for products from galvanized steel.
We will consider the main features of the process, which subsequently affect the quality of the zinc coating.
Zixi, Benchmarking of Zinc Coatings for Corrosion Protection: A Detailed Characterization of Corrosion and Electrochemical Properties of Zinc Coatings, Corrosion Science And Technology, 16(1) (2017) 38–47
Qiu, Corrosion Properties of Steel Sheet with Zinc-Base Alloy Coatings, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series 2019 (eds.).
Anishchenko, Heat treatment effect on properties of deformed alloy type 36N, Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, 4 (1996) 31–32

Introduction Duplex stainless steels (DSS) comprise a unique class of materials that possess desirable properties of both the face-centered cubic (austenitic) and body-centered cubic (ferritic) phases within their microstructures.
Creq = % Cr + %Mo + 0.7 x %Nb (1) Nieq = % Ni + 35 x %C + 20 x %N + 0.25 x %Cu (2) Alloy composition is an important factor in the kinetics of the embrittlement reactions in the ferrite phase, and certain elements play a larger role than others.
Additionally, quantifying the embrittlement kinetics of lean grade weld filler metals, and of complex engineering structures (e.g., welds, their heat affected zones, and the effects of fabrication-induced plastic strain) are required to enable the application of these alloys to higher service temperature components.
Duplex stainless steels, Microstructure, properties and applications, ed.
II Part D., New York: American Society for Mechanical Engineers. (2007)

Degradation of fuel cell performance occurs over a period of time and is related to the deterioration of material properties and interfacial reactions between the different fuel cell components.
Among them, we could mention : the slow warm-up making any short term cycling conditions complicated, the required thermo-mechanical properties of the materials, the assembling and the problems of gas leakage, in particular in planar SOFCs, to which this paper will be restricted.
The cathode must exhibit comparable properties.
And it has been shown that LSC coating on Ducrolloy reduced the Cr volatilization rate by a factor 100 at 950°C [74].
A main advantage of glass seals is that the glass composition can be tailored to optimize physical properties such as the TEC to avoid stress due the thermal expansion mismatch with adjacent components.

Introduction Traditional micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technologies based on silicon manufacturing processes are not suitable for manufacturing three-dimensional (3D) structures in metals.
In the finite element simulation of micro cutting, the determination of the suitable constitutive model is very important because these parameters of nominal physical and mechanic property vary for different constitutive model, which reflect whether the simulation results are correct or not.
The nominal mechanic property of this cobalt alloy is shown in Table 1, which is used in the constitutive model of finite element simulation for micro cutting Elgiloy.
Table 1 Nominal mechanic property of cobalt alloy Young’s Modulus （Gpa） Poisson’s Ratio Shear Modulus （Gpa） Hardness （HV） tensile strength （Mpa） yield strength（Mpa） 189.6 0.226 77.2 700 2451~2530 1598~1667 Mesh and Calculation.
The processing parameter, the feed speed was selected as the main factor that may enormously affect the milling force, with four different values as 1 millimeter per second, 5 millimeter per second, 10 millimeter per second, 20 millimeter per second.

Intermetallics with the B2 structure form a large group of intermetallic compounds with a broad variation of chemical, physical and mechanical properties.
Ordering transitions are accompanied by anomalies in many physical properties including diffusion.
These properties limit the use of pure MoSi2 as a structural material.
D0 are the pre-exponential factors of volume and grainboundary diffusion.
Kim, The 15th Japan Symposium on Thermophysical Properties 263 (1994) and 395 (1995)

The study of polyurethanes are of continuing interest due to their excellent physical properties.
Introduction Polyurethane is an important class of polymer with many advantageous properties, its chain structure is composed of alternating sequences of hard and soft segment.
Various physical properties are designed by adjusting composition and proportion of hard and soft segment to meet the demands of modern technologies [3-4].
Fig. 5 FT-IR spectrum of Polyurethane Fig. 6 GPC chromatogram for Polyurethane Hydrogen bond in system directly affects the properties of materials.
The content of hydrogen bonding in the N-H group could be obtained by using formula (4), the result was 80.75%, which manifested that the large amount of N-H were present in hydrogen bonding which influenced the properties of the polyurethane.

The effect of the baffle geometry parameters strangely affected the calculated heat transfer rate.
The friction factor increases with decreasing PR and ADR insert and decreases with increasing Re.
In the present analysis, the Newtonian incompressible fluid properties are assumed constant, and the Boussinesq approximation is considered.
Salhi, Numerical analysis of the properties of nanofluids and their impact on the thermohydrodynamic phenomenon in a heat exchanger.
Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering. 63, 2. (2019) 100-112

Introduction Crash safety of automobile has become one of the research focuses the last decade in the field of automotive passive safety research [1], especially the coach, which result in the casualties and property damage will be enormous in the event of traffic accidents for its large capacity and high usage.
Establishment of finite element model Firstly, considering the size, accuracy, and computer, the prototypes is reasonable simplified without changing its basic mechanical characteristics.
Excessive acceleration is the main factors caused the occupant injuries in the collision.
Through the mounting bracket can be connected with chassis frame by welded or bolted directly, which does not affect the approach angle and ground clearance of the coach.

The Revelation Research of Folk Paper-Cut Creation Concept on Modern Product Design Yuanyuan Zhao *, a, Liling Chen b, Suihuai Yu c, Junxuan Chen d Department of industrial design, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an Shanxi, China a965328981@qq.com, bcllzsh@126.com, cysuihuai@vip.sina.com, d243348957@qq.com Keywords: Paper-cut art, Concept of creation, Product design Abstract.
In the folk paper-cut art creation process, the folk artists have completely copy the real image, and generalize the main characteristics of the object, which often needs to create refined, simplified, and in this way, the theme can be highlight, and the interference of other unnecessary factors was also reduced .
In biology concept, "gene" is the material basis of heredity, and the "cultural gene" is an inherent property of a certain kind of culture hidden, inherited down with its unique context, with a distinctive cultural characteristics.
The aesthetic standards of modern simplicity natural to some extent affect the design itself, since twentieth Century, minimalism emerged in Sweden, and rapidly spread to the world, it is coincide with Chinese classical artistic conception which is called "The great form has no shape" and Zen thought called "the best way to simple" .