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At a beam current of 15 mA, the fraction of particles with spherical appearance was much higher and equal to 80%, at a beam current of 25 mA this fraction was not more than half of the total number of particles obtained.
Therefore, as the reaction temperature increases, when a larger number of molecules are able to move through a high energy barrier, the predominant product of the thermodynamic control is observed in the reaction mass.
LAMMPS has the ability to simulate soft materials (biomolecules, polymers), solid-state materials (metals, semiconductors) and coarse-grained or mesoscopic systems.
The increase in the number of atoms led to the formation of defects in the crystal structure.

Table 1 the formulation design of bit matrix [wt %] component number WC Fe Co Ni Mn 663Cu Cd 1# 5 30 5 5 5 50 0 2# 20 20 5 5 5 45 0 3# 50 10 5 5 5 25 0 4#* 20 20 5 5 5 45 50% 5#* 20 20 5 5 5 45 80% 6#* 20 20 5 5 5 45 100% Firstly, we calculated the weight of powder required.
Table 2 the average hardness of matrix samples (1#-3#) number The hardness of each sample/HRC The average hardness/HRC 1 2 3 1# 13.1 15.5 12.3 13.6 2# 17.0 19.4 24.3 20.2 3# 31.5 35.7 39.4 35.5 2.3.2 The ball pendulum hardness test The experimental rock sample was biotite granite, whose compressive strength was 169MPa.
Table 3 the average friction coefficient and friction torque between different sample and granite Test number The average friction torque/N·m the average friction coefficient the average hardness/HRC 1# 6.68 0.334 13.6 2# 13.05 0.653 20.2 3# 10.89 0.545 35.5 4# 7.19 0.360 20.2 5# 7.63 0.382 20.2 6# 9.67 0.489 20.2 According to the test data in Table 3, we concluded that the friction torque and coefficient firstly increased then decreased with the increase of hardness in dry friction experiments between granite and matrix sample without diamond.
The abrasive object was fine-grained biotite granite, which had medium-hard to hard rock abrasiveness.

The parameter 22/k cω= is just the wave number.
Although these approximate models do not accurately capture all the details of the flaw scattering process, they are useful for modeling a number of inspection problems and gave been used as the basis for developing model-based flaw sizing methods [2].
A number of ultrasonic simulators that have been developed including: 1) Champ-Sons [16,17], that is part of a larger simulation package, CIVA, developed by CEA in France, 2) UTDefect, SUNDT, and SIMSUNDT [18], which have been developed at Chalmers University in Sweden, 3) UTSIM, from the Center for NDE, Iowa State University in the USA [19], 4) the Generalized Point Source Synthesis (GPSS) software from IZFP in Germany [20], and 5) the EFIT software developed at the University of Kassel, Germany [21].
If an ultrasonic measurement model is coupled to models of sources of noise and variability in the measurement process (electronic noise, grain-scattering noise, surface roughness, flaw morphology variations, positioning errors, etc.), it is possible to develop models that can predict the performance of an ultrasonic flaw measurement in terms of a POD(α) curve, where POD denotes probability of detection and a is the flaw size.

Inside the coil frame, 26 sheets of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, 70 mm width, 0.35 mm thickness were laminated so that the rolling direction was in the magnetic path direction and the specimen side was tapered as sub yoke.
In case 50A270, the number 50 before the letter ‘A’ means the thickness (0.5 mm) of the electrical steel sheet.
The number 270 after the letter ‘A’ represents the maximum value of the iron loss (2.70 W/kg) at a frequency of 50 Hz with the magnetic flux density of 1.5 T.
Therefore, high grade of the electrical steel sheet shows small number after the letter ‘A’.

Magnetic nanomaterials have a number of unusual properties, such as giant magnetoresistance, an anomalously large magnetocaloric effect, etc.
Some of the important requirements to M-type BHF thin films for use in different systems are high values of coercive force Hc (> 240 kA/m), small grain size and thickness of the film.
At present, different methods for the synthesis of M-type barium ferrite films are known which have a number of disadvantages [7].
However, at present time there are a number of outstanding questions of producing films (including anisotropic films) by sol-gel method.

Introduction The aluminum bronze alloys are a family of alloys of copper which provides a combination of mechanical and chemical properties unequaled by any number of other alloys.
Iron is responsible for increasing the mechanical strength because it is a grain refiner, Mn contributes to a better weldability and Ni improves corrosion resistance.
The cutting depth (ap) expressed in mm, a width or depth of penetration of the tool relative to the number, measured perpendicular to the working [1].Is defined as the difference between the cut surface and not to cut or to half the difference between the diameter of cut and uncut.
Table 4 - Measurement of roughness in the number of points with insert Negative Nº Vc (m/min) ap (mm) f (mm/rev) Points mean Ra (µm) mean Rt (µm) Standard Deviation Ra Standard Deviation Rt Negative 1 100 2 0,10 A 0,42 2,99 0,03 0,30 B 0,39 3,00 0,12 0,78 C 0,30 2,61 0,02 0,32 2 150 2 0,10 A 1,17 8,07 0,29 1,98 B 1,2 8,12 0,32 2,01 C 1,4 8,15 0,35 2,10 Positive 1 100 2 0,10 A 0,21 1,35 0,01 0,13 B 0,21 1,50 0,01 0,08 C 0,20 1,30 0,00 0,08 2 150 2 0,10 A 0,25 1,41 0,01 0,08 B 0,24 1,39 0,01 0,10 C 0,26 1,48 0,01 0,13 Below the Figure 2 illustrating the variation in surface roughness Ra (µm) according to cutting parameters (vc, ap, f) and the tool geometry (positive and negative).

Selecting suitable viscosity from SiO2/PVA solutions, measured using viscometer (Brookfield DV-I Prime), is important to produce nanofibers with the least number of beads.
Effect of SiO2:PVA Compositions on Fiber Morphology Several weight percent ratios of SiO2 and PVA were prepared and a suitable ratio was selected to produce desired structure of nanofiber for erbium-doped SiO2/PVA with minimal number of beads.
The SiO2:PVA composite with a ratio 1:9 was chosen for doping it with erbium due to less number of beads formed in the fiber and with larger diameter (around 100nm) for electrospinning.
The relatively high optical transparency of erbium-doped SiO2:PVA thin films indicates the homogeneous and smooth film surface film homogeneity and smooth film surface with low roughness and small grain size particle [13].

The three diversion tunnels are parallel to each other and tunnel spacing distances is 30m, the sequence number of middle diversion tunnel is 5, both sides are respectively NO.4 and NO.6 diversion tunnel.
(2) Where represents maximum explosive pressure on the wall of blasthole in decoupling charging condition, represents average pressure of explosive[8],is the charge diameter,is the borehole diameter,is the length of grain,is the charging length of blast-holes.is a pressure enlarging coefficient.
Table 2 Dynamic material parameters of rock masses Density Elastic modulus Tangent modulus Cohesive strength Friction angle Compressive strength Poission’s ratio 2700kg/m3 50GPa 8GPa 2.6MPa 50° 100MPa 0.25 Numerical calculation based on different material constitutive model.Two different material constitutive models are adopted in numerical calculation.To select the nodes in the numerical model which are near to in-stu monitoring points,the nodes are numbered as A, B, C, D, E, F and G, the calculated results are compared to measured data
(a) (b) Fig.5 Comparison of regression trend of PPV between field test and numerical calculation Influence of blasting excavation on Excavation Damage Zone of adjacent cavern Criterion of excavation damage zone.In the process of blasting excavation,Detonation creates compression and shear damage of rock mass around blasthole,Cai[9] through analysis of a large number of indoor three triaxial test data to get the stress state of brittle rock under three dimension stress state at the internal crack initiation time,it is shown in Eq.5

., maximum water depth hi, average grain size of riverbed materials dm, diameter depth R, roughness coefficient n, average flow velocity v, flow rate Q, friction velocity U*, sediment number Ns, riverbed material density σs, and average particle size of riverbed material dm.
The optimized hyperparameters were size, which is the number of units in the non-display layer, and decay, which is the weight attenuation parameter.
Acknowledgement This research was supported by the Ministry of Land, Transport and Tourism, Construction Technology Research and Development Grant Program (CRD), and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 20H02394.

In addition, the diffusion of carbon from the base metal into the fusion zone and the precipitation of carbides along grain boundaries enhance intergranular corrosion [6].
Thus, the required height of the deposited layer when using two strip electrodes was achieved in the number of passes, two times less than when using one strip [12].
Considering the increase in the height of the deposited layer by more than 1.5 times, when using two strip electrodes, it was possible to reduce their number from 4 to 2.
This was also facilitated by a decrease in the participation of the base metal in the deposited, obtained by increasing the number of electrode strip s used for surfacing.