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A three-dimensional numerical analysis on the effective permittivity of composites including ellipsoids Deyuan Zhang1,a, Liming Yuan1,b *, Yonggang Xu1,c and Jun Cai1,d 1Bionic and Micro/Nano/Bio Manufacturing Technology Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China azhangdy@buaa.edu.cn, blming_y@163.com, cxuyonggang221@163.com, djun_cai@buaa.edu.cn Keywords: Finite-element method; ellipsoidal inclusions; the effective permittivity.
(4) Where εi is the intrinsic permittivity of ellipsoidal inclusions, εm is for the host matrix, f is the inclusion concentration, Nk is the polarization factor and the index k denotes x, y or z direction.
Myroshnychenko, Modeling dielectric properties of composites by finite-element method, J.
Boudida, How do shape anisotropy and spatial orientation of the constituents affect the permittivity of dielectric heterostructures, J.

Šašić3,c 1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kraljice Marije 16, Belgrade, Serbia 2 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73, Belgrade, Serbia 3 Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, Serbia a,c plukic@mas.bg.ac.yu, b ramovic@kiklop.etf.bg.ac.yu Keywords: SiGe MOSFET, Transport characteristics model.
SiGe based MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) structures have received much attention as devices which have some better properties than standard silicon based ones: high carrier mobility, high amount of carriers in transistor channel under low gate voltages, high drift velocity of holes, built-in channel in order to overwhelm hot carriers effect, compatibility of the manufacturing process with still existing CMOS production plants [1, 6-8].
Proposed Model The electric field in a transistor strongly affects electron and hole carrier mobility in MOS devices.
Carriers mobility can be expressed as: ( )       ⋅−−⋅⋅⋅⋅+ = 2 1 ds Qthgs eff Gsdeff eff effRsd V BVV L W CRsc sc µ µ µ . (17) In equation (17) BQ is the substrate charge factor.

Tensile strength and yield strength are two important mechanical properties to measure deformation of metal materials.
The linear expansion factor (linear elasticity coefficient) indicates the ability of material expansion or contraction, which is the main parameter to measure material thermal deformation.
However, the existing technology cannot process the ceramic heat exchangers on complex surfaces, which also affects the promotion of ceramic heat exchangers.

These harmful ingredients, if discharged directly into the soil ,would cause pollution to surface water and groundwater resources; cause soil compaction which is detrimental to plant growth or even fatal, therefore result in soil waste ; cause various heavy metals to remain in the soil , which would affect plant growth and microbe reproduction .finally ,because of the plants absorbing,it will be harmful to human and animal health.
Table 1 Parameters comparison between plastic material(HDPE) and concrete parameters concrete impermeable membrane material(HDPE) Permeabilty factor（m/s） 0.5×10-6～1.9×10-6 ≤2.7×10-23(integrity and no welding) cost of construction high low Construction diffculty diffcult easy anti-corrosion property general good antifreeze property good good endurance good general According to the comprehensive comparison, concrete has high cost and construction difficulty , on the other hand, membrane impermeable material has low cost and construction difficulty, while other properties are substantially the same.
high mechanical strength , good mechanical strength, excellent flexibility and deformation capacity makes it suitable for expansion or contraction base surface , which can effectively overcome the uneven settlement of the base surface , tensile strength 28MP, elongation of 700 %.

In this paper, with the Basic strategy of using human body model for conduct driven design of Product’s Shape Factor, in order to achieve the product model design and modification, author changed designer’s traditional way of the direct processing Geometric model to the way by operating human body mode; as shown in Figure 1, on the one hand, it is to improve the usability of software and design efficiency, on the other hand, it will facilitate the constrained problem solving of the multiple coupling.
Product Model Designer People Model (a) Traditional product ergonomics design (b)Ergonomics design driven by human model Fig.1 Comparison between product ergonomics design methods Principles of human body model’s driven design.The essence of the product ergonomics design driven by human body model is a mapping process, which is mapping some of the requirements in man-machine interaction, such as force and contact properties, into the design elements products, such as dimensions or surface shape.
In most cases, product ergonomics dimension is not completely independent, the dimensions will be restricted by each other and affected by f other non-ergonomic dimensions, therefore, the final solution is usually a holistic optimization results.
Energy optimization is surface design method based on the physical properties, the surface shape with minimal elastic deformation process can be solved through the program, and thus, the surface smoothness can be naturally guaranteed.
Chinese Mechanical Engineering. 2008.19 (8):976-980 [7] Liu Xiaojian, Dong Zhanxun, Wu Jianfeng, Sun Shouqian.

At the same time, Ti alloys are widely used for the airplane because of their excellent comprehensive properties.
The tensile machine is CSS-1100 type electronic mechanical one.
As shown in reference 3, Ti-SP2500 alloy possess favorite mechanical properties at ambient and moderate temperature.
Even in the condition of low temperature or high speed deformation, the grain-boundary sliding is the controlling factor.
Figs.8(a) and 8(c) are the microstructures of un-deformed parts which are only affected by temperature and time.

Somewhat more detailed information on the H location can be found in [33]: A square planar order of H atoms in the complex implies metallic properties, whereas regular tetrahedron leads to semiconductor-like character of the compound (for step-like changes of electric conductivity – see also in [30]).
The ratio of LT1/LT2 depends sensitively on the thermo-mechanical history of the sample and, it influences, to a certain extent, the electrical conductivity and the color of the LT [30].
Pressure of hydrogen, p, is understood as a factor that affects the kinetics of the C/D processes.
Another principal factor influencing the reliability of obtained values of D is a proper choice of the particle size, r.
Considering both the factors, the typical experimental error was estimated and shown in Fig. 22 as an abscissa.

However, in the real case of stainless steel, the situation is more complex since the other oxides can also be formed and water vapour can also affect the other properties of the metal-scale system.
Water vapour cannot only lead to the catastrophic oxidation, it can also change the properties of the oxide-metal system.
This may affect one or more following factors: oxygen solubility, oxygen diffusivity in alloys, alloy interdiffusion coefficient and parabolic rate constant [51].
In the case that water vapour cannot significantly enter the oxide and change its transport properties, the surface reaction especially the dissociation of the adsorbed OH to the adsorbed O can be a rate determining step.
Water vapour can also affect the other properties of stainless steel or the oxide scale.

However, the solids fraction should be very high, approximately 45 - 65 vol-%, to ensure adequate green part properties [74, 75].
Hence, a good compromise has to be found between the reactive properties of the suspensions and their viscosity and solids loading.
Traditional factors, Tissue Engineering 7/6 (2001) 679-689 [4] M.
Guiberteau, Mechanical properties of calcium phosphate scaffolds fabricated by robocasting, J.
Zysset, Hydroxyapatite cement scaffolds with controlled macroporosity: fabrication protocol and mechanical properties, Biomaterials 24 (2003) 809-817 [96] S.

The joint open of pavement is affected by pavement temperature changes, dry and wet change, material properties of cement slab and the length of cement slab.
The size of warping measure had some influences to the width design of cement concrete pavement joint; it shows a maximum warping measure without the base constraint factor.
We just consider the factor of dry shrinkage deformation in the joint open to simplified calculation.
The people of Darter, Barenberg and Weng Zhong-xing had established formula of joint open under the consideration of mechanical analysis and test, temperature, dry-wet process and different restricted conditions as follow
[4] QIN Feng., Experimental study on shrinkage properties of cement-stabilized macadam base course with rubber powder, Journal of New Building Materials, December, 2009, pp.32-35