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Then, the single crystal cylinder was withdrawn from the directional solidification furnace with a grain selector.
(2) (3) Where Xi and are the individual and average values for the measured quantities of the specimen, and N is the total number of measurements, respectively [15].
Table 1 Two kinds of etchants for nickel-base single crystal superalloy Etchant number Composition Etching conditions References 1 10ml HNO3-20ml glycerol-30ml HCL Immersion etching at ambient temperature for 30-45s [10] 2 10ml HNO3- 30ml HCL Immersion etching at ambient temperature for 10-15s [10] Results and Discussion Figure 1 shows that the microstructures of γ matrix and γ′ precipitates vary with the etchant solution composition.

The fine aggregate used is broken oil palm clinker which passes through sieve number 5 and below.
Sufficient numbers of oil palm lightweight concrete specimens were casted and tested for compression, flexure, density and modulus of elasticity.
It shows that fine aggregate has higher moisture content due to the fact that smaller grain can hold more water.

A large number of small molecules escape in pyrolysis process of precursor polymer resulting in higher porosity.
Above-mentioned two reaction mechanisms of preparation of SiC ceramic coatings were derived from a large number of experimental data, but were significantly different.
Low temperature needle like mullite grain formation in sol-gel precursors coated on SiC porous substrates, Thin Solid Films. 519(22) (2011) 7672-7676

These grains are manufactured by heating Carbon under high pressure and high temperature condition in a cubic press device which results in having diamond tables identical to natural diamonds in strength.
Number of elements for PDC cutter assemblies.
Feature Number of Elements Diamond Table Substrate Castle 149536 153209 Dent 131142 141498 Honeycomb 159569 157945 Chase 151748 172514 Boundary conditions and applied velocity.

Number of the experiments is dedicated to groundwater flow and transport of radionuclides along rock fractures.
Glinicki, Application of Image Analysis to Identify Quartz Grains in Heavy Aggregates Susceptible to ASR in Radiation Shielding Concrete, Materials 9(4) (2016), Article number 224

Zirconia minerals are found in granular form which is a breakdown of acid igneous and metamorphic rocks which are then transported, concentrated and sediment with zircon grains including calciterite (the main mineral of tin), rutile, ilmenite, pyrite, magnetic, gold and iron oxides [1].
Langmuir was developed assuming that a fixed number of accessible sites are available on the adsorbent surface, monolayer adsorption occurs, which its adsorption occurs when molecules adsorbed on the surface of adsorbent form a saturated layer.
Acknowledgment This work was financially supported by a grant from the Directorate of Research, Technology, and Community Service, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, Republic of Indonesia, and the fund for Excellence Research University Grant (Contract Number: 113/E5/PG.02.00.PT/2022).

Group Number Chemical Composition [at. %] Mixing Time [h] Compaction Pressure [MPa] Sintering Temperatures [⁰C] Sintering Time [h] Group 1 Ti-10Zr 10 300 1200 6 Ti-20Zr 10 300 1200 6 Ti-30Zr 10 300 1200 6 Group 2 Ti-10Zr + 20 (wt. %) NH4HCO3 10 300 1200 6 Ti-20Zr + 20 (wt. %) NH4HCO3 10 300 1200 6 Ti-30Zr + 20 (wt. %) NH4HCO3 10 300 1200 6 Zr and Ti initial powders were prepared according to the chemical compositions given in Table 1.
In addition, it was striking to determine a great number of needle-like structures replacing lamellar shape structure in Ti –30Zr (at. %) for group 1 and 2 alloys [21].
Thus, increasing Zr contents resulted in finer grains.

At the time t=0.018s, a number of approximately equal length of the horizontal and vertical cracks with approximately equal length in the coating can be seen, indicating that the coating begins to cracking.
When the critical times reaches, a greater number of creaks exist but no cracking throughout occur in the coating.
Crack-Interface Grain Bridging as a Fracture Resistance Mechanism in Ceramics: II, Theoretical Fracture Mechanics Model, J.

The size and number of micropores decrease as the increasing of current density.
Molybdenum species may be transported along short-circuit paths, such as grain boundaries, cracks and micropores [13].
This caused the size and number of the surface micropores and porosity of the MAO coatings decreased, and the cracks of the inner MAO coatings increased.

Increasingly, there is recognition that a full characterization of alloy microstructure involves not only the conventional parameters such as grain size, texture, inclusions, the more nanoscale microstructural elements such as defect structures, the structure and chemistry of fine scale precipitation, but also of the atomistic level structures such as solute-solute distributions, including vacancies and atomic co-clustering.
Figure 2(c) is the result and it is clear that there are numerous atom clusters (boxed) that are below the resolution of the TEM: indeed an number density of order 1023 m-3 was measured, suggesting that there is significant scope for cluster hardening.
The digital form of the data allows the generation of concentration profiles in any direction and the results of analysis of the chemical composition of a number of GPB zones indicate a composition ~ 7.2 at. % Mg and 3.3 at. % Cu, averaged from 8 GPB zones.
The heuristic in Fig. 4(c) provides the number (frequency) of Mg-Mg clusters (defined as Mg atoms within dmax = 0.85 nm of each other) as a function of Nmin, the minimum number of Mg atoms within the cluster.
Therefore, our implementation of the FoF clustering algorithm has the usual parameters: the maximum separation between each cluster atom dmax, and Nmin, the minimum number of atoms per cluster.