Search results

The same is true for Tin and Germanium, both have d10 electronic structure but differ in mass and ionic radius (larger and smaller respectively than Titanium).
Table 1 lists mass and ionic radii (after Shannon [10]) of these ions in six-fold coordination as is the case in the perovskite structure.
For Germanium obviously the small ionic radius destabilizes the structure and secondary phases can be detected at a level of x = 0.04 and 0.08.
Watcharapasorn, Crystal structure and electrical properties of bismuth sodium titanate zirconate ceramics, Nanoscale Res.
Thomas, Investigation of the structure and phase transitions in the novel A-site substituted distorted perovskite compound Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3Acta Cryst.

The influence of B2O3 on the luminescence behavior of ZnGa2O4 phosphor at different sinter temperatures Ruixia Zhong1a, Ziran Liu2, Jianquan Qi1 1 School of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China 2 College of Physics and Chemistry, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology Qinhuangdao 066004, China a Corresponding author: Email: zhongruixialiu@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: ZnGa2O4; Luminescence; Long afterglow.
ZnGa2O4 possesses a cubic spinel crystal structure with an Fd3m space group.
In normal spinel cubic structure, Zn2+ ions occupy the tetrahedrally coordinated A-sites, whereas Ga3+ ions occupy the B-sites which are octahedrally coordinated.
As we known, Ga3+ ion could either be located on a Zn2+ site in the spinel structure or at the regular octahedral sites with single charged oxygen vacancies (VO*), in both cases distorted octahedral structures will be induced [9], then the orbitals will have specific shapes and geometrical configuration in space.
Meanwhile the concentration of VO* at octahedral structure is thought to be unchanged.

Difference has produced the geometry non- smooth surface, the mechanics non- smooth surface, the chemistry non- smooth surface and the dynamic non- smooth surface as a result of the non- smooth effect.
Not only does the porpoise have an ideal streamline build, it also has a special skin structure where the surface layer is smooth and has rich elasticity, in the level distributes harder nipple that fills the fat, this is the typical dynamic non-smoothsurface.
Its body surface evolves inevitably to this structure, which has been adapted to such sticky environment.
In other words, it namely is the effect to the solid resistance produced as a result of the non-smooth superficial own geometry structure in dynamic soil adherence system.
Bionic ploughshare beetle’s head(100X) Jilin University bionic researcher, In quantitative analysis research dung beetle non-smooth structure, Uses the computer simulation, Random distribution geometry structural unit geometry unit foundation [4], and uses the surface changed shape and the superficial modification organic synthesis method, Used the ordinary 35 steel surface of ploughshare to process the non-smooth bionic machine operated surface of ploughshare, Fig.4 shows.

Synthesis and Micellar Properties of Star-shaped Poly(ε-caprolactone)-Dextran Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Xueqing Liua , Jiyan Liub College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China aE-mail: liuxueqing2000@163.com ; b E-mail: liujiyan918@163.com Keywords: star polymer; poly(ε-caprolactone); polysaccharide; micelle.
Introduction Polymeric nanomicelles with core-shell structure have attracted extensive attention in drug delivery [1].
This approach is the difficulty to obtain controlled structures since all the hydroxyl groups on the polysaccharides, except the ones sterically hindered, initiate the polymerization of polyester monomer, the resulting copolymers with uncontrolled structures are difficult to form stable, homogenous nanoparticles[10].
The star structure of the copolymers was confirmed with 1H NMR, GPC and element analysis.
The structure of products was successfully characterized.

Formed by sp2-hybridized carbon atoms, graphene boasts the distinction of being the thinnest substance known, with a two-dimensional honeycomb structure [2].
A comparative examination using the JCPDS database (file no. 89-3722) confirms that the synthesized AgNPs adopt a prevalent face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure.
High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was employed to analyze the structure of AgNPs deposited onto GO sheets.
Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 8(45), 15940-15955
Analysis of crystallographic structures and properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized using PKL extract and nanoscale characterization techniques. 

Experimental Procedure A flexible mould structure has been designed (Figure 1.) to provoke various flow patterns during mould filling.
Three different flow patterns were produced by assembling and filling the mould structure in different ways.
Mould structure Fig. 2.
The second flow mode has been investigated with introducing variation in the permeability of the mould structure.
Fundamentals of physical chemistry relating to gases in cast metals.

After the extraction, the α-cellulose structure turned to tightly packed micro fibrils bundle.
Albresheim, The structure of plant cell walls, Plant Physiology 51 (1973) 174-187
Wiley and Sons, Holocellulose as perchlorite method, Methods of wood chemistry: 394-396 (1967)
Popa, Amorphous Cellulose- Structure and Characterization, Cellulose Chem.
Schuster, Overview on Native Cellulose and Microcrystalline Cellulose I Structure Studied by X-ray Diffraction, Lenzinger Berichte, 89 (2011) 118-13

According to the mechanism of discolor, the color change was measured by the open loop structure of the crystal violet lactone.
Crystal violet lactone contained the inner lactone ring structure.
When the temperature was low, the inner ring of electron donor center cracking and forming ionized conjugated structure, then reacted with bisphenol A as the electron recipient causes the color change, and the structure varied from inner lactone to quinoid.
Palm leave and plastic waste wood composite for out-door structures.
Journal of Wood Chemistry & Technology, 2015, 35(6):412-423

Graphene is a kind of unique carbon material that has a two-dimensional honeycomb structure formed by SP2 hybridization of carbon atoms.
Then the Cu@RGO was prepared to prevent the structure of RGO from being destroyed by high-speed ball milling, the rotating speed was 100 rad/min, 1 h, and the ratio of ball to the material was 9:1.
According to the point scanning of points A, B, and C, Fig. 4(a) of point A is the titanium phase, the point B is the copper phase, and point C is typical RGO morphology and structure characteristics.
Influence of the interface structure on the thermo-mechanical properties of Cu-X (X = Cr or B)/carbon fiber composites.
Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2000, 10(9): 2213-2218

XRD analysis was performed on an Aeris diffractometer and Cu Kα radiation to determine the phase structure.
The XRD analysis confirms this prediction results as shown in Figure 4, a typical FCC structure [25-28] is formed at the diffraction angle 2θ = 43.50 and 50.70.
[22] Salishchev, G.A., et al., Effect of Mn and V on structure and mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys based on CoCrFeNi system.
Liu, Composition dependence of structure, physical and mechanical properties of FeCoNi(MnAl)x high entropy alloys.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2012. 132(2): p. 233-238