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In other words, the number of electrons equals the number of ions [29].
As the diameter increases there is a greater possibility of variations in the number of unitary cells, changing structural parameters such as helix angle, volume of constituent cells and number of defects (Table 4).
Table 5 Tukey test applied to the comparison of average tensile strengths of sisal fiber under different times of exposition to the methane cold plasma Condition Tensile strength (MPa) Reference (no treatment) 197 a 10 min 278 b c d 20 min 208 a e 30 min 230 a e ** Numbers followed by the same letter have no significant difference between them at 5% of probability Sao et al. [37] and Rowell et al. apud Martin [36] stated that the mechanical properties of the lignocellulosic fibers are directly related to the crystallinity index (Ci).
Morsing, Densification of wood – the influence of hygrothermal treatment on compression of beech perpendicular to the grain, Tesis (Doctorate), Technical University of Denmark, 2000

As conventional enamelling steels acquire their fish-scale resistance only after cold rolling by cracking cementite that is precipitated at grain boundaries, the suitability of hot-rolled steel sheets for doubleface enamelling is another goal for which no adequate solution has been found yet.
The frequency of fish-scale appearance on the enamel surface (left numbers: from 1/excellent to 5/very poor) and the measured hydrogen permeation time (right numbers) is given in Table 3 for the hot-rolled sheets after all five hot rolling regimes.
Results of precipitation analysis in hot-rolled sheets of three selected steel grades alloying concept fish-scale resistance hot-rolled sheet total area fraction of precipitates mean value of l/t microsections [%] mean area of precipitates mean value of l/t microsections [µm²] amount of precipitates per mm² area mean value of l/t microsections main precipitates further precipitates (l/t = longitudinal/transverse directions) 0.98 2.71 1.30 822 441 119 excellent poor poor 0.080 0.115 0.017 (Ti,Nb)FeP B traces N-traces B-traces AlN TiS MnS Ti(C,N) NbC Al2O3 Al2O3 MnS MnO NbC ZrO2 MnS Al2O3 ZrS Ti - Nb - S - N - B Nb - N - B - O Zr Steel 5 Steel 6 Steel 8 Steel No.5 with excellent fish-scale resistance shows a large number and a great variety of very fine precipitates in the form of titanium sulphides, titanium carbosulphides, titanium nitrides and manganese sulphides with a mean area of < 1 µm².
In most cases, cold-rolling leads to an increase in the number of precipitations per unit area, together with a reduction in the average particle size.
In most cases, cold-rolling leads to an increase in the number of precipitations per unit area, together with a reduction in the average particle size.

RUM, shown in Fig. 1, is recognized as a reliable and cost effective machining method that is being applied in a number of critical engineering applications [1-3].
The grain size of the diamond was 16.2 nanometers.
Taguchi orthogonal array were used to reduce the number of experimental combinations [12], which will result in cost savings due to the expensive diamond tools.
Taguchi L27 orthogonal array was used as the experimental layout of the milling process because it can accommodate up to a maximum number of five 3-level factors with 26 degrees of freedom.
Ypredicted=Ym+i=1k(Yi-Ym) (6) Table 8: Optimal levels for Fz and MRR Response Optimal Levels A (rpm) B (%) C (kHz) D (mm/min E (mm) Fz 2000 50 20 50 0.025 MRR 6000 50 21.5 150 0.075 Where Ym is the total mean S/N ratio, Yi is the mean S/N ratio at the optimal level, and k is the number of the main design parameters that affect the quality characteristic, [17].

After researching the structure and the development trend of the HMP, this paper presents a multi-master model real-time operating system architecture for HMP, which is designed with symmetric structure and functional modularization, and every kernel can manage resources, tasks and other shared devices as a master to improve the real-time and efficiency performance, to solve the bottle-neck problem that the single master can not satisfy the requirement of performance with increasing of the slave number.
Whereas, as the number of slaves increases, the objects that the master manages also increase, the master must do all the actions sequentially, such as task scheduling, resources management and etc.
Nevertheless, in multi-master model, this problem can be solved through taking fine-grained synchronization locks [7] to realize parallel accessing the different units in shared queues and linked lists, to improve scheduling efficiency.

So, in order to decrease the variation of the number of service due to the change of requirements, every service should be effectively reused.
To overcome it, every service must have an ability of flexibility, or the number of service will be increased unexpectedly.
These two points will directly bring out the huge increase of the number of service and system complexity.
Furthermore, data should be transferred on the network by coarse-grained manner for reducing cost of repeated transmission.
Document Number WFMC-TC-1025, 2001

However, the use of ions as a neutron analogue offers a number of advantages: · In contrast to highly radioactive neutron-irradiated samples, ion-irradiated material is basically inactive
It is sensitive to the annihilation with valence electrons and depends on size and concentration of defects: as higher the number or size of defects as higher the S parameter.
Thereby it is assumed that the sample consists of a certain number of homogeneous layers, which are characterized by a given depth width, mean S parameter, and positron diffusion length L+.
Black points can be considered as defect clusters whereas the lines indicate grain boundaries.
A+ is defined as a negative number, and a larger negative value means a stronger preference of positrons in the concerning material.

However, because of high formation energy, it sometimes becomes difficult to stabilize VSn defects in considerable number especially in pristine SnO2 rather need proper defect-engineering [11].
Under the lowest Ar pressure of 1 Pa, the surface of the film has possessed ball-like spherical particles, called nanospheres (NSs) with average grain size ~ 46 nm.
Thereafter, when the deposition pressure increased to 10 Pa, the pressure inside the spherical droplet also increased significantly that lead to emerge large number of branch-like structure while reducing the size of central spherical droplet.
On the other hand, significant number of VSn defects may still present even after annealing in O2 and thus giving rise to blue emission (band 4) centred around 460 nm.
In addition to VO+ defects, the films also contained significant number of isolated VSn defects or its defect complex (VSn - VO) resulting g-factor around 1.89.

A number of works were mentioned by various researchers regarding association of DOE and statistical optimization methods with plasma spraying process.
The required number of spraying passes was carried out to obtain a ceramic layer thickness of 240μm.
A number of microcracks were seen on the surface of the coating.
Each contour curve described an infinite number of combinations of values of two test factors derived from the second-order quadratic equation within the considered limit.
Intl.93 (2016) 29-35 [21] S.Rajakumar, C.Muralidharan, V.Balasubramanian, Statistical analysis to predict grain size and hardness of the weld nugget of friction –stir- welded AA6061-T6 aluminium alloy joints, Int.J.Adv.Manuf.Technol. 57 (2011) 151-165

Such a system may include spheres with different sizes, densities, hardnesses, shape factors, coordination numbers, etc.
It should be noted that taking into account such a large number of factors requires the use of numerical methods and computer simulations to obtain high-quality and reliable approximation solutions.
For the effective implementation of computer and numerical modelling, a number of physical and mechanical characteristics of heterogeneous elements (spheres) were taken into account.
Also, the parameters of the heterogeneous medium were taken into account, in particular, the falling velocity, dynamic viscosity, average coordination number, Prandtl’s coefficient of 0.4, etc.
Xu, Experimental and numerical investigation of Weibullian behavior of grain crushing strength.

The existence of an arching zone around pile groups for granular and fine-grained soils is first examined using the finite element computer code CORE-3D.
Ng et al. (2001) studied the influence of laterally loaded sleeved piles and pile groups on slope stability and the mechanisms of load transfering from the piles to the slope; The study by Chen and Martin (2002) revealed that the formation and shape of the arching zone are the functions of pile arrangement, relative pile/soil displacement, pile shape, interface roughness, and soil dilation angle; Martin and Chen (2005) investigated the response of piles due to lateral slope movement by using the FLAC(3D) program; El Sawwaf (2008) studied the group configurations, pile spacing, embedment length of pile, relative densities of sand, and location of pile groups relative to the slope crest using model tests; Kourkoulis et al. (2011) derived a number of insights concerning the factors influencing the response of piles and pile-groups; Li et al. (2011) presented an analytic solution to soil arching effect.
Fig. 6 Relationship of arching coefficient with the length, the diameter and the spacing of pile from the numerical analysis Considering the curves in Fig.6, a number of conclusions can be drawn about the arching coefficient can be obtained: From the top of pile to the bottom of the soil layer, the arching coefficient decreases gradually; While the diameter of pile is held constant at a value of 2.5m, the arching coefficient increases with the increasing spacing between the piles gradually; While the spacing of pile remains at a constant value of 5.0m, the arching coefficient decreases with the reduction of the diameter of pile.