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Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations show that for both stones the pores may occur associated to sparry calcite cement, being intergranular and with fissure-like shape or within the micrite grains showing a more irregular shape.
The linear attenuation coefficient µ depends on both electron density ρ and atomic number Z: µ= ρ(a+bZ 3.8/ E 3.2 )

A number of the manufacturing techniques of the ITO thin films have been carried out such as reactive thermal evaporation [12], magnetron sputtering [13-16], chemical vapor deposition [17], electron beam evaporation [18], spray pyrolysis [19], laser ablation [20], and sol-gel process [21].
The crystallite dimension increases with increasing the substrate temperature, thus reducing the grain boundary scattering and decreasing the electrical resistivity.

The second strong peak is Quartz (SiO2, deriving from the sand grains in mortar) at about 2θ of 31°.
Whereas, in Raman "local" analysis, no spectra of Magnetite/Maghemite were found within the rust layer around the compressive rebar, but a number of Ferrihydrite was observed at the veins corresponding to relative bright zone.

SFTC hard particles (Oerlikon MetcoClad 52001) with a spherical shape and a grain fraction of 45 µm - 106 μm were dispersed into the substrate.
Increasing the laser power up to 6000 W raised the number of partially melted particles.

What is also important is the grid design, number of glass fibers in a bundle, bundle profile, size of the mesh, way of crossing of the individual bundles and other details, which the manufacturer carefully designs and which determine, which product is suitable for the particular required type of application [5].
Impregnated mesh bundles are probably too smooth and allow sliding of the covered grains of the asphalt mixture, which are not sufficiently wedged into the layer below

This methodology requires a division of all considered composite layers into a number of bins, with the sizes dependent on the required calculation accuracy: the finer partitioning provides more accurate results but for the expense of the computational run time.
Typical applications are fracture toughness measurements for insulating low-k dielectrics (ULK materials) widely used in the microelectronics industry, elastic modulus measurements for Cu grains in interconnect structures, adhesion measurements for thin-film systems, and wear resistance of specific coatings [6-9].

G1 presents coarse granular texture, G2 presents a porphyritic facies with feldspar phenocrysts in a medium to coarse granular mesostasis, and G3 presents a weak porphyritic trend given by some feldspar crystals slightly larger than the grains of the medium granular mesostasis.
N - Number of measurements per sample.

This suggests that the two oxides (CuO and ZnO) combine together primarily through intra-grain coupling instead of intergranular coupling.
The reason for such enhanced rate constant is due to the generation of enhanced number of surface active radicals by reaction between electron acceptors and CuO/ZnO/SiNWs.

Chemical composition of the alloy PR-N80X13S2R Powder grade C, % Si, % Cr, % B, % Ni, % Fe, % HRC PR-N80X13S2R 0.2-0.4 2.0-2.8 12-14 1.2-1.8 Balance ≤ 3 25-35 Paste preparation: Fine-grained powder was mixed together to form an even mixture.
Better (without pores and cracks) are coatings number 2, 7.

The volume fraction of primary α phase and the size of deformed grains were calculated by Image-Plus6.0 image analysis software.
When the temperature was 1000 ℃, the primary α phase decreased significantly and a large number of secondaryαphase microstructures formed.