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Table 1 Cutting parameters employed in the experiments* Trial code Pulse energy [J] Pulse width [ms] Pulse rate [Hz] Cutting speed [mm/s] Gas type Gas pressure [MPa] E 1.0~3.0 (0.5) 2.0 20 1.0 Oxygen 0.8 W 1.0 1.0~3.0 (0.5) 20 1.0 Oxygen 0.8 R 1.0 2.0 10~40 (10) 1.0 Oxygen 0.8 S 2.0 2.0 25 0.5~3.0 (0.5) Oxygen 0.8 P1 2.0 2.0 25 1.0 Oxygen 0.2~1.0 (0.2) P2 2.0 2.0 25 1.0 Air 0.2~1.0 (0.2) P3 2.0 2.0 25 1.0 Nitrogen 0.2~1.0 (0.2) P4 2.0 2.0 25 1.0 Argon 0.2~1.0 (0.2) *Parenthesized numbers after the values designate the corresponding steps For the measurement and analysis of recast layer, selected samples were cut off and embedded in epoxy resin.
The melting process dissolves the solid solution grains and redistributes the alloying elements, and the cooling process produces several non-equilibrium phases including supersaturated solid solution, new non-equilibrium and amorphous phases.

While epitaxial graphene on SiC(000¯1) allows only for a poor thickness control and the graphene grows with rotational disorder [2, 6, 7], on SiC(0001) a defined number of epitaxially ordered graphene layers can be grown [4, 5, 8].
Another possibility is that the hydrogen intercalation starts at grain boundaries or defects on the surface.

A gauge volume of 0.1×0.2 × 2 mm3 was adequate to capture a sufficient number of diffracting grains resulting in relatively smooth diffraction rings.

As the sintering temperature rose to 1400 °C, however, the ceramic yield slipped to around 80%, with the emergence of Fe5Si3 and β-SiC crystalline grains.
Fig. 1 Synthetic scheme of hyperbranchedpolyferrocenylsilane precursor The hyperbranched precursor was soluble in THF and CDCl3.The number average molecular weight Mnand weight average molecular weight Mw of the hyperbranched precursor were determined by gel permeation chromatography, which were 2.7×103 g/mol and 5.1×104 g/mol, respectively.The 1H-NMR spectrum of the polymer in CDCl3 is shown in Fig. 2(left).

Combined with the characteristic of abundant grain resources, USA drew up the technical route of prioritizing bioethanol technology.
Such as: drawing up strict sedan emission standard, forcing the government to purchase a certain number of new energy vehicles, carrying out tax reduction policy for private buyers, as well as establishing the union of “government, industry, school and research institution” to form a technology alliance led by the government, and so on [1].

However, Portland slag cements are characterized by a slow early strength gain and their hydration produces a large number of colloidal and submicroscopic hydrates, which causes the contraction of cement stone [14].
The structure of blast furnace granulated slag consists of 85-90% glass with N=1.655, the crystal part (10-15%) consists of rounded grains β-C2S with high relief and interference color in yellow tones with N=1,725.

For this goal some researchers have tried a number of instruments and materials to promote the situation such as using the UV-light and using the microwave to catalyze the oxidation process by kinds of materials [3-6].
Effect of operating parameters on microwave assisted photocatalytic degradation of azo dye X-3B with grain TiO2 catalyst [J].

At present, single crystal (SC) superalloys are widely applied on advanced turbine blades due to their high creep resistance and temperature strength achieved by the elimination of grain boundary and strengthening by coherent precipitation of the Ni3Al type, γ′ phase in the Ni-based γ matrix [1].
Microstructure of fractured specimen material under creep-fatigue interaction loading In terms of the microstructure of stacking faults and dislocations, under the creep-fatigue interaction loading, a large number of dislocations appeared in the matrix channel, and stacking faults also appeared in the γ′ phase.

The growing number of studies in this area is due to the active use of electrically conductive road concrete, the manufacture of runways and taxiways at airports in order to prevent glaciation and snow accumulation [1, 2, 3].
Influence of carbon black dispersions on the properties of fine-grained concrete 8 (2018) 89–92

Introduction In recent years, the world has recorded an increasing number of people suffering from diseases such as cancer, hypertension, diabetes, of which free radicals are the direct or indirect cause [1].
Next, the amaterial was finely ground by a electric grain grinder and stored at -18°C before being used. 2.3 Solvent extraction Applying 300ml of different solvents like ethanol 70% and distilled water, about 10 g of dried powder sample was extracted in the laboratory water bath with stirrer at 300 rounds per minute.