Search results

Modern literature on the topic, mostly within engineering studies, lacking an historical approach, assumes that in ancient times science ignored the physical nature of seismic events and consequently declares that architects couldn’t consider dynamics in their projects.
The roman engineering culture used several elements to compensate the horizontal accelerations, i.e. metal joists connecting stonework in walls [8], arches and entablatures, the progressive reduction in height of the specific weights of building materials, as in the Pantheon, or the choice of building materials with different specific weights in different parts so to control the dynamic response, as in the Flavian Amphitheater in Rome [9].
This is an answer that engineering studies should consider.
From joggled voussoirs to ablaq The use of joggled voussoirs for lintels and arches was first developed by Roman engineers, we can find an early example in the eastern entrance of the Sabratha Amphitheatre (II cent.
Reitherman, Earthquakes and Engineers: An International History, American Society of Civil Engineers Press, Reston VA, 2012

Abadel1,b 1Department of Civil Engineering, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia amiqbal@ksu.edu.sa,babadel2002@hotmail.com Keywords: Numerical modeling, steel fibre reinforced, mechanical properties.
Steel fibre reinforced concrete is emerging very popular and attractive material in structural engineering because of its enhanced mechanical performance as compared to conventional concrete.
It has been increasingly used in structural engineering applications.
Yao: Experiment on mechanical properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete and application in deep underground engineering, Journal of China University of Mining and Technology Vol.18(1) (2008), p. 64-66 [5] K.A.
In: Proceedings of Intl Asso for Bridge and Structural Engineering, ISMES, Italy (1975)

Study on Hysteretic Model and Damage Model of Multi-Ribbed Composite Wall Quan Yuan 1,a, Qian-Feng Yao 1,b and Ying-Jie Jia 1,c 1 School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P.R.China a Yq7404@126.com, byaoqf808@163.com, cjyj-amor@126.com, Keywords: Multi-ribbed composite wall; Hysteretic model; Damage model Abstract.
The use of composite materials in structural engineering is recent, and researchers need to investigate their behavior features.
Introduction The multi-ribbed composite wall (shortened name composite wall) structure is an innovative structure in structural engineering, and more research is needed to investigate their performance [1].
[4] Park Y-J, Ang AH-S, Wen YK: Seismic damage analysis of reinforced concrete buildings, Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1985, 111(4), pp. 740-757
[5] Fajfar P, Vidic T, Fischinger M: A measure of earthquake motion capacity to damage medium-period structures, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 1990, 9 (5).

An Evaluation of Highway Work Zone Impact Factors on Driving Safety Using Complicated Indexes Based On Traffic Simulation System Jiao Yan1,a, Chi Zhang2,b, Meng-Hua Ding3,c , Yichang (James) Tsai 4,d 1,2,3 School of Highway, Chang’ an University, Xi’an City, China 4School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA ; School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an City, China ayanjiao5210@yahoo.cn, bzhangchi@chd.edu.cn, c987691640@qq.com, djames.tsai@ce.gatech.edu Keywords: traffic engineering, work zone, safety impact factors, minimum safety distance equation (MSDE), speed standard variation (CV), VISSIM traffic simulation Abstract: There are quite a number of complicated factors that can affect driving safety on freeway work zone during reconstruction, for example, traffic volume, driver compliance rate (which means drivers who follow the posted speed limit), slope gradient, HGV rate and so on.
It takes a lot of time and money to collect these data, and with the development of traffic engineering, microscopic simulation is widely used in generating data.
The Second International Conference on Transportation Engineering 2009, ASCE, 2009: 2183-2188

Fig. 2 SiO2-K2O phase diagram showing the operational point of a BTEU for active rice husk silica production Addition of ARHS to high performance concrete (HPC) HPC is an established technology for large scale civil construction using silica fumes [2].
Only the concave parabolic surface has optical precision; dimensions of all other parts have civil or mechanical engineering finishing.
Mattos, Cylindrical parabolic solar collector analysis, optimization, and performance evaluation, Dissertation (Master degree on Mechanical Engineering), (2011), Guaratinguetá Engineering College, Guaratinguetá, 108 p
Levenspiel, Engineering Flow and Heat Exchange, Plenum, New York, 1984

Box 5969, Safat, 13060, Kuwait 2Directorate General of Civil Aviation, Kuwait Airport, P.O.
In model-based engineering, a system is depicted graphically and textually at various levels of granularity and complexity.
It is based on Unified Modeling Language (UML) but addresses systems engineering needs and is more suitable “to analyze, specify, design, and verify complex systems, … to enhance systems quality, improve the ability to exchange systems engineering information amongst tools, and help bridge the semantic gap between systems, software, and other engineering disciplines” [8].
To examine the system, we can physically inspect it and look at technical schema used by maintenance engineers.
Weilkiens: Systems Engineering with SysML/UML: Modeling, Analysis, Design (Elsevier, 2007)

Research on structural composition of Long-life Asphalt Concrete Pavement Yun Li1, Changqing Xu2, Xueming Wen3 1: Civil Engineering Colleges, Sanjiang University, Nanjing, China 2: Faculty of International Audit, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing, China 3: Zhan long freeway limited Liability Company, Fujian province Zhan Zhou, China E-mail: liyun_nj@163.com Keywords:Long-life pavement structure; Structure composition; Asphalt pavement; Economic benefit Abstract:Combined with the actual case of Punan highway, Long-life pavement structures are analyzed, and the engineering economic cost benefit ratio method and net present value method are applied for the economic benefit analysis.
On the basis of road budget quota calculation rules and the new material, manpower and mechanical cost price and various fees in accordance with the provisions of the engineering economics, the benefit cost ratio, calculate two kinds of pavement structure type of expressway economic benefits, are given in Table 2 [6].
According to the engineering economics in the present cost principle, two kinds of pavement structure type of highway in the life period cost is reduced to the project construction year costs, as the following Table 3: Table 3 The present value cost of the pavement structure (Yuan / m2) Cost type Road name Initial construction cost Surface reconstruction cost Maintenance cost Total cost Long-life pavement highway 215.4 19.25 13.22 247.87 General highway 192.2 39.32 18.79 250.31 (Note: Assume the benchmark discount rate of 5%, the calculation of the project life of 10 years, overlay thickness of 3cm, the same traffic level, road terrain belong to the plain micro-Hill District).

Experimental Investigations on Capabilities of Resistance Spot Welding and MIG Brazing for Producing Corrugated Beams Using Galvanized Steel Sheets RADU Bogdan1,a*, UNGUREANU Viorel2,3,b, BOTH Ioan2,c, BURCĂ Mircea1,d, BENZAR Stefan2,e, DUBINĂ Dan2,3,f 1University Politehnica Timisoara, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Timisoara 300222, bd.
This paper summarized the research work carried out by a team from Department of Steel Structures and Structural Mechanics, together with Department of Materials Science and Engineering, from University Politehnica Timisoara, which tried to determine the possibility to use welding for obtaining built-up cold-formed steel beams made of corrugated galvanized steel sheets (grade S350GD+Z).
One direction in which civil engineers focused their attention was the creation of light structural systems using beams made of corrugated galvanized steel sheets for the web and thin-walled cold-formed galvanized steel profiles for flanges, using welding processes for their assembly.
Two of the most common available processes which caught the attention of the engineers are: resistance spot welding and MIG brazing, both having advantages and disadvantages.

Finite Element Analysis for Concrete Damage under Freeze-Thaw Action Jize Mao 1,a , Hongye Wang 1,b , Zhiyuan Zhang 1,c and Zongmin Liu 1,d 1 College of Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China a maojize@hrbeu.edu.cn, b wanghongye@hrbeu.edu.cn, c edward_521@126.com, d liuzongmin@hrbeu.edu.cn Keywords: Concrete, Freeze-thaw, Failure surface, Damage mechanics, Finite Element Analysis Abstract.
Ottosen: A failure Criterion for Concrete, Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, 105 (1979), pp. 127-141 0 5 10 15 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Load (KN) Deflection (10 -1mm) Simulation Experiment 50 freeze-thaw cycles Fig. 3 Relationship between load and deflection after 50 freeze-thaw cycles

Mn Forms and Environmental Impact of Electrolytic Manganese Residue Xu longjun1,a Wang Xingmin1,2,b Chen Hongchong1,c Liu Chenglun3,d 1 Key Laboratory for the Exploitation of Southwest Resources and Environmental Disaster Control Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 400044, P.R.China; 2 College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067; 3 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 400044 axulj@cqu.edu.cn; bwxm0826@ctbu.edu.cn; cchc11230186@tom.com;dxlclj@cqu.edu.cn Keywords: Mn forms; electrolytic manganese residue (EMR); water soluble Mn (II); manganese carbonate; environmental impact Abstract: Mn Forms and the effect on environment of electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) in Chongqing have been investigated through water extracting and sulpharic acid leaching.
The bursted and released tailing may destroy farmland, public and civil facilities, and vegetative cover.