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FTIR analysis was performed to study the influence of the process on the chemical structure of the PVA/BSA nanofiber.
Thus, the structure of PVA nanofiber and PVA/BSA nanofiber were more crystalline than pure PVA.
This might indicated a change occurred in the crystal structure of formed nanofiber by electrospinning.
Ordered structure of molecules in the nanofiber could eventually improve the degree of crystallinity of the nanofiber.
The presence of surfactant influenced the nanofiber structure.

Based on the registered X-ray diffraction patterns, the α-phase of aluminium oxide with a hexagonal structure was identified (fig. 6).
The thin film is characterized by an even granular structure.
Examined thin film structure turn out to be homogeneous and uniform (fig. 14-16).
The research confirmed that the ZnO thin films have a fine-grained structure.
Hitchman, Chemical Vapour Deposition 'Precursors, Processes and Applications, The Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom 2009

Improvements in understanding of physics and chemistry and materials science of smart materials will help to develop new smart fluids and devices based on smart technology.
Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 7 (1996) 123-130
Smart Materials and Structures, 11 (2002) 140-146
Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 7, (1996) 131-137
Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 7 (1996) 522-525 [30] S.T.

The superlattice structure forces the nanocrystals into a dense and layered arrangement.
The PECVD process enables a cost effective production of such nanocrystalline structures.
Larger crystals can clearly be avoided by using our special superlattice structure.
The as-prepared samples show a slightly wavy structure which is the result of an unoptimized process.
This opens the way for mass production of such structures in a very cost efficient way.

Mesoporous Crystals of Transition Metal Oxides Wuzong Zhou School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
Two ordered structures can be observed from these crystals as seen by the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns in Fig. 2, one is from the crystal structure of the oxide and the other from the ordering of the pores.
The morphology of the oxides is the same as the original pore structure.
As shown in Fig. 1b, the pore structure consists of two sets of pores, depicted in white and black, respectively.
Since the crystal orientation has no relation to the mesostructure, it is difficult to find a view direction parallel to the principal axes of both the crystal structure and the mesopore structure.

Among the various types of TM-doped ZnO materials, cobalt-doped ZnO (Co: ZnO) nanostructures with controllable band structure are particularly attractive because of the abundant electronic states of Co and minor effect of Co on the ZnO structure [17].
Results and Discussion 3.1 Crystal structure and orientation of the undoped ZnO and Co: ZnO NPs The crystal structure and orientation of the undoped ZnO and Co: ZnO NPs prepared via the hydrothermal method annealed at 500°C were characterized using XRD, and the results are presented in Fig. 1.
Thus, the dopant content of the electronic structure of the Co:ZnO NPs is reasonably the dominant factor affecting the photocatalytic activity.
With Co addition, to change the band structure, there should be a strong electronic interaction between the ZnO and Co species or d–d transition of Co ions.
Mahamuni, Ferromagnetism in ZnO Nanocrystals: Doping and Surface Chemistry, J.

Flax fibre–reinforced polymers (FFRPs) are attractive for lightweight structures due to their low density, favourable specific stiffness and partially bio-based origin.
Hybrid carbon–flax laminates have been proposed to balance the stiffness and strength of carbon fibres with the improved damping and sustainability of flax, offering promising performance in transport structures [9; 10; 11].
A segmented fiber surface with a random structure is visible.
A detailed close-up of the fiber structure is also visible, where a lumen – a cavity – can be observed in the center of each fiber, forming the material's natural porosity, as mentioned above.
Casari, The hygroscopic behavior of plant fibers: a review, Frontiers In Chemistry. 1 (2014). https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2013.00043

The most popular kind of anti-vibration mounting for compression is a rubber bushing, which has many components bearing the total weight of the movable part between them and the foundation structure.
Introduction The increased use of rubber-based components in numerous fields of current technology necessitates the ability to precisely characterize the features of both short- and long-term deform and damage to elastomeric structures.
Some studies have addressed the effect of some design variables on the dynamic response of multi-layer engineering structures under the influence of extreme temperature conditions [23-24].
Rubber chemistry and technology, 79(3), 429-459
Investigating temperature effects on mechanical behavior of rubber compounds embedded in composite structure of pneumatic tires.

Fine structure of biexciton.
Results of biexciton fine structure measurements of CdSe QDs.
Efros, Suppression of auger processes in confined structures, Nano Lett. 10 (2010) 313–317
Bawendi, Size dependence of exciton fine structure in CdSe quantum dots, Phys.
Kambhampati, Unraveling the structure and dynamics of excitons in semiconductor quantum dots, Acc.

Characterization of the sample's structure was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), which expose the presence of TiO2 rutile and Sn in each sample.
Some researches were conducted using these methods; doping with other elements (Sn, Fe, Mg, Cr), morphological optimization, and Micro structuring.
XRD purposed to analyze crystal structure, observe formed phase, and their crystal size.
High columbic efficiency attribute to zero strain properties of LTO, with no change of structure during charge and discharge.
Sampath, “Sol−Gel Materials in Electrochemistry,” Chemistry of Materials, vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 2354–2375, 1997