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Online since: February 2017
Authors: Chin Chun Chang, Che Kai Chan, Ling Hui Wu, Chia Mu Cheng, Chin Shueh, Shen Yaw Perng, I Ching Sheng
Fig. 4(a), 4(b), 4(c), and 4(d) showed the X-ray data for Ti-Zr-V NEG films deposited on the Al-extruded, Al-alcohol, CuCrZr-EDM, and CuCrZr-alcohol samples, respectively.
The average grain size of Ti-Zr-V films, calculated from XRD data, is 1.6, 1.7, 1.5, and 2.5 nm for Al-extruded, Al-alcohol, CuCrZr-EDM, and CuCrZr-alcohol samples, respectively.
It means that the reduction of the NEG films occurred after heating above 350 oC for these samples
The thermal reduction of the Ti-Zr-V film on the CuCrZr-EDM was more effective than other samples.
From the XRD data, the average grain sizes were in the range of 1-3 nm for Al alloys and CuCrZr alloys.
The average grain size of Ti-Zr-V films, calculated from XRD data, is 1.6, 1.7, 1.5, and 2.5 nm for Al-extruded, Al-alcohol, CuCrZr-EDM, and CuCrZr-alcohol samples, respectively.
It means that the reduction of the NEG films occurred after heating above 350 oC for these samples
The thermal reduction of the Ti-Zr-V film on the CuCrZr-EDM was more effective than other samples.
From the XRD data, the average grain sizes were in the range of 1-3 nm for Al alloys and CuCrZr alloys.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: You Jun Lu, Hong Fang Shen, Yan Min Wang, Jie Dong, Guo Li Fang
XRD patterns of LaCoO3 oxides ultra-sounded for different time
The unit cell data of LCO was calculated by Jade. 5 and the average lattice constants obtained are listed in table 1.
The low temperature reduction peak appears at 370-405ºC and the high temperature reduction peak appears at 600-655ºC, which is showed in table 2.
Larger reduction peak area and lower reduction temperature is correspondence with stronger oxidizing ability of the sample.
From the H2-TPR curve, we can find that at low temperature reduction zone, the ultrasonic treated samples required much more hydrogen consumption and the reduction temperature overall decreased, which implied that ultrasonic assistance can effectively decrease reduction temperature of the samples in the zone of low temperature.
Reduction peak of all of the ultrasonic treated samples comes with a peak shoulder, and reduction temperature range expanded significantly when ultrasonic assisted time was 40min and 60min.
The low temperature reduction peak appears at 370-405ºC and the high temperature reduction peak appears at 600-655ºC, which is showed in table 2.
Larger reduction peak area and lower reduction temperature is correspondence with stronger oxidizing ability of the sample.
From the H2-TPR curve, we can find that at low temperature reduction zone, the ultrasonic treated samples required much more hydrogen consumption and the reduction temperature overall decreased, which implied that ultrasonic assistance can effectively decrease reduction temperature of the samples in the zone of low temperature.
Reduction peak of all of the ultrasonic treated samples comes with a peak shoulder, and reduction temperature range expanded significantly when ultrasonic assisted time was 40min and 60min.
Online since: April 2010
Authors: S.H. Musavi, N. Sadoughi, Ghanbar Ali Sheikhzadeh
However, moving
them beyond this limiting distance results in the reduction of heat dissipation.
It is shown that the presence of shield results in the reduction of the heat transfer coefficient.
Duo to the lack of the experimental data, the validity of the present results is investigated by comparing with those of Guo and Sharif [4].
However, moving them beyond this limiting distance results in the reduction of heat transfer and so increasing of the maximum temperature.
Presence of shield results in the reduction of the heat transfer coefficient.
It is shown that the presence of shield results in the reduction of the heat transfer coefficient.
Duo to the lack of the experimental data, the validity of the present results is investigated by comparing with those of Guo and Sharif [4].
However, moving them beyond this limiting distance results in the reduction of heat transfer and so increasing of the maximum temperature.
Presence of shield results in the reduction of the heat transfer coefficient.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Shang Feng Du, Gang Xu, Jie Kan, Rui Rui Zhang, Li Ping Chen
Fig.6 depicts the comparison of the data amount.
The red line indicates the data amount after data compression adopted.
The line changes as the difference of sensor data value.
However, the packets have no obvious reduction in several days, during which it is drizzling or light rainy.
The area circled by axis and the data line indicates the data amount at total.
The red line indicates the data amount after data compression adopted.
The line changes as the difference of sensor data value.
However, the packets have no obvious reduction in several days, during which it is drizzling or light rainy.
The area circled by axis and the data line indicates the data amount at total.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Ji Chao Peng, Jiu Ling Wang, She Rong Hu, Yun Xun Zhang, Wen Bin Tong, Min Chen, Chao Ji
The paper collects mass data and field surveys in order to analysis the impact on the environment.
Finally it put forward seven words to protect and manage the environment: "reduction", "airtight","selection", "prevention","excellent", "new","legislation".
According to the nearest data, Pingdingshan Coal Group has 26.37Mt gangue piled in 2011, and these coal gangue piles occupies land 985 km2[2] and leads to reduce cultivated land area.
In order to accurately grasp the heap situation in the region, understand the gangue pollution sources of quantity, The author consults a large number of data[3-8],counts inventory,combustion reactor volume, annual utilization of pingdingshan coal gangue, see table 1.
This phase summarized as "reduction".
Finally it put forward seven words to protect and manage the environment: "reduction", "airtight","selection", "prevention","excellent", "new","legislation".
According to the nearest data, Pingdingshan Coal Group has 26.37Mt gangue piled in 2011, and these coal gangue piles occupies land 985 km2[2] and leads to reduce cultivated land area.
In order to accurately grasp the heap situation in the region, understand the gangue pollution sources of quantity, The author consults a large number of data[3-8],counts inventory,combustion reactor volume, annual utilization of pingdingshan coal gangue, see table 1.
This phase summarized as "reduction".
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Shan Shan Sun, Jun Hai Zhao, Xue Ying Wei, Hai Bing Xiao
The influence of thickness-length ratio and scale effect are considered by introducing the reduction factor of equivalent constraints and concrete strength reduction factor, respectively.
By introducing concrete strength reduction factor [3] and the reduction factor of equivalent constraints [4], which have respectively considered scale effect and the influence of thickness-length ratio, the confinement of square steel tube towards concrete can be equivalent to the confinement of circular steel tube towards it [3-7].
And the numerical results are compared with analytical results and experimental data and good agreement can be observed.
Accordingly, both of the finite element results and theoretical calculation are in good agreement with the experimental data.
(a) Specimen S4L,S4H (b) Specimen I-1,I-2 (c) Specimen H-1~H-9 Figure 2 Stress Contour of STCCFWSRC (Longitudinal) Figure 3 Load Displacement Curve Conclusions From the above analysis it can be concluded that: (1) Both the analytical results and the numerical results agree well with experimental data
By introducing concrete strength reduction factor [3] and the reduction factor of equivalent constraints [4], which have respectively considered scale effect and the influence of thickness-length ratio, the confinement of square steel tube towards concrete can be equivalent to the confinement of circular steel tube towards it [3-7].
And the numerical results are compared with analytical results and experimental data and good agreement can be observed.
Accordingly, both of the finite element results and theoretical calculation are in good agreement with the experimental data.
(a) Specimen S4L,S4H (b) Specimen I-1,I-2 (c) Specimen H-1~H-9 Figure 2 Stress Contour of STCCFWSRC (Longitudinal) Figure 3 Load Displacement Curve Conclusions From the above analysis it can be concluded that: (1) Both the analytical results and the numerical results agree well with experimental data
Online since: February 2019
Authors: V.Yu. Pivovarov, A.S. Valiev, I.R. Kuzeev
The existing methods of diagnostics are based on probabilistic remaining life assessment and use data regarding wall thickness variation during the operation process.
Defining forecast of safety operation life period of the equipment, reference documentation is mainly based on probabilistic approaches, without regard to actual data on operation modes and effective voltage, deformations, temperatures, not taking into account structural and surface changes occurred in the metal.
This is connected with the increase of dislocation density that leads to magnetic susceptibility reduction.
Further amplitude reduction becomes less intensive (18–80 %) and then it reaches constant level.
Solovev, Experimental Data Based Current Transformer Mathematical Simulation in Micro-Cap Program.
Defining forecast of safety operation life period of the equipment, reference documentation is mainly based on probabilistic approaches, without regard to actual data on operation modes and effective voltage, deformations, temperatures, not taking into account structural and surface changes occurred in the metal.
This is connected with the increase of dislocation density that leads to magnetic susceptibility reduction.
Further amplitude reduction becomes less intensive (18–80 %) and then it reaches constant level.
Solovev, Experimental Data Based Current Transformer Mathematical Simulation in Micro-Cap Program.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Meng Wei Yang, Xiao Ying Chen, Shu Wen Jia, Lei Jiang, Chao Zhang
In order to obtain more accurate and rapid voltage fluctuations and flicker signal and provide fast and accurate data for power quality analysis and improvement, this paper proposes the improvement measures of null space pursuit algorithm based on the analysis of the principle of null space pursuit algorithm, which improves the value of practical application.
By the simulation analysis, it proves that the combined null space pursuit algorithm not only has the same advantage of high precision extraction and decent noise reduction capabilities as original algorithm but also improves its computing speed and enhances its practical value.
l Records operation time of the algorithm by MATLAB we can get: null space pursuit algorithm use 10.974839 seconds, the combined null space pursuit algorithm takes 3.411994 seconds, increase operation speed 68.9%.( In order to guarantee the validity of the data, in this paper, the time data are not added the operation time of white Gaussian noise.)
By the simulation analysis, this paper proves that improved null space pursuit algorithm can not only extract more accurate voltage fluctuations and flicker signals but also have good noise reduction function.
By the simulation analysis, it proves that the combined null space pursuit algorithm not only has the same advantage of high precision extraction and decent noise reduction capabilities as original algorithm but also improves its computing speed and enhances its practical value.
l Records operation time of the algorithm by MATLAB we can get: null space pursuit algorithm use 10.974839 seconds, the combined null space pursuit algorithm takes 3.411994 seconds, increase operation speed 68.9%.( In order to guarantee the validity of the data, in this paper, the time data are not added the operation time of white Gaussian noise.)
By the simulation analysis, this paper proves that improved null space pursuit algorithm can not only extract more accurate voltage fluctuations and flicker signals but also have good noise reduction function.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Maria Lucia Miyake Okumura, Osiris Canciglieri Junior
This research proposes that Engineering courses in a near future adopt the aspect of Citizenship Education systematically, contextualizing environmental impact reduction and social inclusion of people with disabilities.
The technical procedure of the study was delineated according to IPDP phases defined in two multidisciplinary strands leading to raw materials data collection through recycling and manufacturability with accessibility process to develop the product prototype.
The technical procedure was delineated according to IPDP phases defined in two multidisciplinary strands leading to raw materials data collection through recycling and manufacturability with accessibility process to develop the product prototype.
Preliminary and Detailed Design · Solar water Heating system prototype development and assembly; · Prototype implementation; · Data collection about the product efficiency. · Development of the tooling and templates to prepare the product components (wash, cut, fold); · Product prototype; · Tooling evaluation.
The data collection to verify the product efficiency was carried out during January and February/2013, with intervals of two hours, between 7 am and 7 pm, featuring maximum temperature between 330K and 333K .
The technical procedure of the study was delineated according to IPDP phases defined in two multidisciplinary strands leading to raw materials data collection through recycling and manufacturability with accessibility process to develop the product prototype.
The technical procedure was delineated according to IPDP phases defined in two multidisciplinary strands leading to raw materials data collection through recycling and manufacturability with accessibility process to develop the product prototype.
Preliminary and Detailed Design · Solar water Heating system prototype development and assembly; · Prototype implementation; · Data collection about the product efficiency. · Development of the tooling and templates to prepare the product components (wash, cut, fold); · Product prototype; · Tooling evaluation.
The data collection to verify the product efficiency was carried out during January and February/2013, with intervals of two hours, between 7 am and 7 pm, featuring maximum temperature between 330K and 333K .
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Anita Ramli, Muhammad Farooq, Mas Fatiha Mohamad
Temperature Programme Reduction.
In general, two reduction peaks are observed at 535 and 971 oC which may be attributed to the reduction of Mo oxide species.
The second peak is attributed to further reduction of Mo species produced during the reduction in the first stage, together with the partial reduction of support strongly interacting with coordinated tetrahedral Mo species (Mo+3 to Mo+2) [12].
This increase in reduction temperature indicates a strong metal-support interaction.
TPR data for Mo/γ-Al2O3 and Mo/γ-Al2O3-MgO with varying MgO loadings Catalysts Reduction Temperature (oC) Peak 1 Peak 2 Mo/γ-Al2O3 535 971 Mo/γ-Al2O3-5% MgO 596 975 Mo/γ-Al2O3-10% MgO 627 990 Mo/γ-Al2O3-15% MgO 644 997 Mo/γ-Al2O3-20% MgO 664 1004 Table. 3.
In general, two reduction peaks are observed at 535 and 971 oC which may be attributed to the reduction of Mo oxide species.
The second peak is attributed to further reduction of Mo species produced during the reduction in the first stage, together with the partial reduction of support strongly interacting with coordinated tetrahedral Mo species (Mo+3 to Mo+2) [12].
This increase in reduction temperature indicates a strong metal-support interaction.
TPR data for Mo/γ-Al2O3 and Mo/γ-Al2O3-MgO with varying MgO loadings Catalysts Reduction Temperature (oC) Peak 1 Peak 2 Mo/γ-Al2O3 535 971 Mo/γ-Al2O3-5% MgO 596 975 Mo/γ-Al2O3-10% MgO 627 990 Mo/γ-Al2O3-15% MgO 644 997 Mo/γ-Al2O3-20% MgO 664 1004 Table. 3.