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Sample PVA (Wt%) TEOS (Wt%) Silica (W%) TEOS (wt %) in Solution PVA (wt%) in the solution silica: PVA ratio in solution (by wt) H2O/TEOS (mol) ratio HCL/TEOS (mol) ratio TiO2 (g) Appearance of the films P 100 0 0 0 5 0:1 0 0 0 Transparent PS 60 40 16 3 4.5 1:1.5 1 0.04 0 Transparent PST1 60 40 16 3 4.5 1:1.5 1 0.04 0.5 opaque white PST3 60 40 16 3 4.5 1:1.5 1 0.04 0.15 opaque white PST5 60 40 16 3 4.5 1:1.5 1 0.04 0.25 opaque white Table 1 Compositions and Preparation of PVA/SiO2/TiO2 hybrid solutions.
After an average of 32 scans, the samples were scanned from 4000 to 400 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1. 3.2.
Structure and Morphology of the Hybrid Films 4.1.1.
Thermal Properties 4.3.1.
Physical Properties 4.4.1.

Contents of Paper 1.
Magnetic Measurements 4.4.1.
Table 1.
Fig. 1.
References [1] J.

References [1] D.G.
Awasthy, Oxidation-resistant carbon-carbon composites up to 1700 °C, Carbon. 33 (1995) 479-490
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It spans the integer values of 1–2n or equivalently, -n+1 to n.
Reference [1] S.
Conference 20 (2012) 1-2
Conference 10 (2012) 1-4
Device Lett. 61 (2014) 479-486

Figure 1.
Moreover, the specific surface area calculated by the BET model, total pore volume, and micropore volume of Fe3O4-NPs/AC at P/Po of 0.95 are 479 m2 g-1, 0.42 cm3 g-1 and 0.25 cm3 g-1, respectively, demonstrating a high porosity of the synthesized material.
qt= qe(1- e-k1t) (7) qt=qe2k2t1+qek2t (8) where qt (mg g-1) and qe (mg g-1) are the amount of Ni(II) ions adsorbed on Fe3O4-NPs/AC at any time t and at equilibrium, respectively; k1 (min-1) and k2 (g mg-1 min-1) are the rate constants of the pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order models, respectively.
Kinetic and isotherm parameters for adsorption of Ni(II) onto Fe3O4-NPs/AC Kinetic model Value Isotherm model Value Pseudo-first-order Langmuir qe (mg g-1)(exp) 33.06 qm (mg g-1) 50.72 qe (mg g-1)(cal) 32.83 KL (L mg-1) 0.062 K1 (min-1) 0.062 RL 0.039-0.243 R2 0.998 R2 0.989 Pseudo-second-order Freundlich qe (mg g-1)exp 37.83 KF (mg1−1/n L1/n g-1) 10.73 K2 (g mg-1 min-1) 0.002 1/n 0.291 R2 0.993 R2 0.967 Fitting the experimental adsorption data to different isotherm models is an important step to find a suitable model that can be used for designing the adsorption process in practice.
The values of ΔH (kJ mol-1) and ΔS (kJ mol-1 K-1) were calculated from the slope and the intercept of a plot of lnKc and T-1 (Figure 6), respectively [42].

Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig.1.
References 1.
Vol. 1.
Vol. 1.
Thermochim acta 280:479-490. 33.

Table 1.
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ISIJ Int. 54 (2014) 1–8. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.54.1 [6] S.P.
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Phys., 48(1) (1985). https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/48/1/001 [38] F.

Figure 1.
Table 1.
Box 1.
References [1] T.
Tech., 60 (2003) 469-479

Fig. 1.
The metal cluster size is approximately in the range of 1 to 10 nm.
References [1] R.
Public Health, 8 (2011), 470-479
Res., 12 (2009), 1-39

+an(M0(Sn) – 1) = ∑ni=1 ai(M0(Si) –1)= σa (M0) - ∑ni=1 ai.
[Sn]1- [Sn-1,n]1) so that M0(r1) =M2([S1])- M2([S1,2]) [resp.
We first compute µ1Sj, j=1, 2, ..., n-1, µ1S1= [S0 ] 1 -[S1 ] 1 =M1([S2])+M1([S3]) + M1([S4])+...
+(n-2) M1([Sn-1])+(n-1)M1([Sn])- M1([S1,2])- 2M1([S2,3])-…- (n-1)M1([Sn-1,n])
J., (British Computer Society), 49(4), 470-479