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The constitutive material properties of the base, nugget and the heat-affected-zone (HAZ) were determined by an inverse FE modelling approach using indentation test data.
In general, FE modelling would require that the correct constitutive material properties were included in the finite-element analysis.
This is not always straightforward for spot welding since the material properties can vary widely between the base metal, the heat-affected-zone (HAZ) and the weld nugget itself.
In the model, different material properties were FE Simulation of Spot Welding process Mechanical FE Models Geometric Attributes Strength Detailed Material Properties for each Welding Zone Fig. 2 The modelling approach used to study the effect of welding parameters on the strength of spot-welded joints used for the nugget, heat-affected zones and the base.
The property of the base metal was determined by testing a notched specimen, while the properties for the HAZ and nugget were determined by combining indentation tests and inverse FE modelling technique [5].

Previous studies demonstrated that the tribological properties of the DLC films could be affected by a variety of deposition methods, parameters and test conditions.
Therefore, the establishment of relationship between deposition factors and chemical bonding properties is of great importance to the application of DLC films[12,13].
The influence of the substrate bias voltage on the structural, mechanical and tribological properties of the films is discussed.
Results and Discussion Material Properties.
Conclusions In this paper, the mechanical properties of DLC films prepared by various deposition parameters had been studied.

However, the great potential of PPy is limited to its poor mechanical properties.
While more work was put emphasis on the electrical, magnetic and optical properties, much less research had done about the mechanical properties of polypyrrole film.
The disposal of substrate is also a crucial factor to the mechanical properties.
It will also affect the mechanical properties.
(4) The nodules and the holes seen by SEM affect the mechanical properties.

In the conceptual design process, factors like the system, structure, spacing and tonnage of anchorage, and properties of rock and soil should be considered and measures should be taken to effectively control or reduce the effect of the anchorage force loss, which possesses great theoretical and practical significance on the design, construction , safety and social-economic benefits of the anchorage project.
The lock-in value of anchorage force in anchor rope is influenced by several factors such as material properties of prestress, mechanical properties of anchored medium, anchor structure, anchorage system, quality of anchor fixture, construction technology, environment of engineering geological, level of operation management and so on[1-2].
During the design process, several factors including materials of engineering geology, hydrogeology, meteorological data, bury content and obstacles, geologic terrain, surrounding environment of engineering and the significance of engineering should be considered.
Analysis of factors affected on load losses of high capacity and long rock anchors.
[5] Analysis of the factors affecting prestress losing in prestressed cable anchor.

Effect of plastic deformation on a dispersion of omega-phase and mechanical properties of an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy Marat Gazizova, Ivan Zuikob, Rustam Kaibyshevc Laboratory of Mechanical Properties of Nanostructured Materials and Superalloys, Belgorod State University, Pobeda 85, Belgorod, 308015, Russia agazizov@bsu.edu.ru, bzuiko_ivan@bsu.edu.ru, crustam_kaibyshev@bsu.edu.ru Keywords: Aluminum alloys; Cold working; Precipitation; Microstructure; Mechanical properties.
Effect of cold rolling prior to ageing on a dispersion of secondary phases and mechanical properties at room temperature for an Al-5.6Cu-0.72Mg-0.5Ag-0.32Mn-0.17Sc-0.12Zr (wt. %) alloy, which was solution treated and water quenched initially, was examined.
In contrast, cold rolling affects microhardness.
Keeping of hardness on high level after prolonged soaking at relatively high temperature indicates that experimental alloy has excellent heat-resistant properties.
Baseline determination of mechanical properties after ageing at 190°C for 2 h (T6 temper) shows that the yield stress (YS) of 450 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 495 MPa with elongation to failure of ~9% can be achieved in present alloy without prior plastic deformation.

Testing mechanical properties were undergone by hardness testing and pull-off test to determine the coating's adhesive strength.
Several factors can influence the results of the adhesion layers strength.
The small amount of violence is caused by several factors, including porosity in the coating layer because oxygen trapped in the coating layer occurs.
The percentage increasing in the material surface's mechanical properties was obtained in the data of microvickers testing before and after the conduct of both thermal spray methods.
Wisnu, “Thermal Spray Application for Improving the Mechanical Properties of ST 60 Carbon Steel Surfaces with Metcoloy 2 and Tafa 97 MXC Coatings,” 2020, pp. 645–652

In this paper, the XLPE/PVC cable running for 17 years was investigated by using thermal analysis, microstructure analysis, mechanical property analysis and dielectric properties analysis.
In the long-term running process, the physical and chemical properties of XLPE would have some change under the effect of heat [2-4], and these changes would affect the safety operation of the cable [5].
Mechanical properties Figure 6 is a comparison of the mechanical properties.
According to figure 5, the size of spherulites in the inner layer is larger and the arrangement of spherulites is not regular, it led to its poor mechanical properties, meanwhile, the temperature of inner layer is higher, some XLPE macromolecular chains may be break during long term operation, therefore, its mechanical properties became poor.
Dielectric properties Figure 7(a) and (b) are the dielectric properties curves of the samples.

Welding Current Dependence of Dynamic Mechanical Properties for Spot-Welded Electric Arc Furnace Steel Sheet Masaaki Itabashi1, a * 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Suwa, 5000-1, Toyohira, Chino, Nagano 391-0292, Japan aemail itabashi@rs.suwa.tus.ac.jp Keywords: Spot welding, Nugget diameter, Electric arc furnace steel, Dynamic mechanical properties, Welding current Abstract.
Introduction Automotive structure is made of blast furnace steel, because mechanical properties of such a structural steel are controlled precisely.
Then, mechanical properties of the steel are relatively scattered.
Fig.13 Welding current dependence of dynamic mechanical properties Fig.14 Welding current dependence of quasi-static mechanical properties Summary The sheet of 980-MPa grade electric arc furnace steel of 1.0 mm in thickness was evaluated in the form of single-lap spot-welded tensile-shear specimen.
Harding (Ed.), Mechanical Properties at High Rates of Strain 1979, Institute of Physics, Bristol and London, 1979, pp.71-80

The effect of nanoclay on mechanical properties were investigated by carrying out flexural and fracture toughness tests.
This reduction in mechanical properties for high clay loading were attributed to the increase of agglomeration and voids.
Mechanical Properties.
Flexural Properties.
It can be seen that both properties are affected in a similar fashion by clay addition.

Preparation and Properties of Kaolin Modified Polyester Fibers Ruixin Zhang 1，Tieling Xing2，Guoqiang Chen2 1Art and Fashion Engineering School, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China 2 College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China zruixin@vip.sina.com; xingtieling@suda.edu.cn; chenguojiang@suda.edu.cn Keywords: Kaolin; Modified polyester fibers; Properties Abstract: Kaolin masterbatch was prepared first, and then three kinds of kaolin modified polyester fibers (100 dtex) which respectively contained kaolin masterbatch 2%(PK2), 4%(PK4), 6%(PK6) were successfully spun.
Properties of kaolin modified fibers were discussed.
Compare the total transmission rate under the T (UVA) And T (UVB), and UV protection factor UPF.
Table1 Mechanical properties of kaolin modified polyester fibers Item Kaolin master batch content (wt%) Breaking strength （dN/tex） Breaking elongation （%） Young's modulus (Gf/tex) PET 0 3.40 42.8 824.41 PK2 2 3.12 41.8 798.44 PK4 4 3.05 42.8 767.05 PK6 6 2.93 50.5 771.35 It could be seen from Table 2, the moisture absorption performance of kaolin modified polyester fibers were obviously improved compared with the unmodified polyester.
The chemical structure and super molecular structure of fibers will be the main factor affecting the moisture absorption if the thickness and cross-sectional shape of the fiber were the same [6].