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Applications of Cellular Materials – An Overview Prabhu.S1,a,*, Bupesh Raja.V.K2,b, Nikhil Rajan3,c 1, 3Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai, India 2Department of Automobile Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai, India a*prabhuimai@gmail.com, bbupeshvk@gmail.com, crajannikhil@outlook.com Keywords: Cellular materials, transport industry, building industry, functional applications Abstract The research in material science had led to the discovery of new materials; but the real challenge lies in finding suitable application for those materials to be used in various engineering fields.
Introduction In the present scenario, many researchers have found some new class of materials that will be useful in various engineering fields.
[8] J Manoj Watane, Satyapalt.Warghat, R Roshan Shrirao, Aluminium foam for automobiles:-A review of Manufacturing techniques, Application and Material properties, Review Article International Journal of Pure and Applied Research in Engineering and Technology, 2013; ISSN: 2319-507X, Volume 1(8): 101-112 [9] A Salimon, Y Br´echet, M F Ashby, A L Greer, Potential applications for steel and titanium metal foams, mechanical behaviour of cellular solids, Journal of materials science 40 (2005)5793–5799 [10] G Srinath, Aravind Vadiraj, G.
[11] V K Bupesh Raja, S Prabhu, Processing of Cellular Materials – An Overview, International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials and Emerging Engineering Technologies, ISBN No:978-1- 4799-1377-0, 24-26 July 2013/631 – 633 [12] K.
Logesh, V.K.Bupesh Raja, Investigation of Mechanical Properties of AA8011/PP/AA1100 Sandwich Materials, International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA), ISSN : 0974-4290, Vol.6, No.3, pp 1749-1752, May-June 2014 [13] John Banhart, Light-metal foams – history of innovation and technological challenges, Advanced Engineering Materials (in press 2013).

It needs many piezoelectric sensors to make up a piezoelectric array in engineering application.
Optical engineering [M].
Harbin: Harbin engineering university,2010
Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2011,32(1):218-224
NDT & E International, 2011, 44(1): 131-137

In this way, this research on the wear rules has the important practical significance As with the excellent synthetical performance such as high strength, heat resistance（1670-1770K）, good thermal conductivity and chemical inertia on iron and its alloy, PCBN has become a much more appropriate engineering material[2],which is suitable for high speed machining especially .The mechanism of tool wear has become more complicated with the increasing speed and temperature[3-7].
International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 46(5) (2006),p. 482-491
Jawahir, Sébastien Pheulpin, Emmanuel Seguin, The influence of the microstructure of hardened tool steel workpiece on the wear of PCBN cutting tools.International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 43(2) (2003),p. 139-144
Mathew, On machining of hardened AISI D2 steel with PCBN tools.Journal of Materials Processing Technology 171(2) (2006),p. 244-252
[8] WAN Yi, AI Xing, LIU Zhanqiang, SONG Liangyu, Tool wear and fracutre in high speed milling aluminum alloy 7050-T7451[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 4(43) (2007),p.103-108

Application of Rietveld Refinement and Williamson Hall Analysis in Ultra-Low Carbon to High Carbon Steels Soumya Sourav Sarangi1, Avala Lavakumar1,2* 1Departement of Metallurgy & Materials Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Odisha, India 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan 1soumyasouravsarangi33@gmail.com, 1,2*lavakumaravala@gmail.com Keywords : Rietveld refinement, Williamson Hall analysis, Steels, IF steel, Micro-alloyed steel Abstract Current study is about microstructural characterization of five different steels with carbon concentration ranging from ultra-low to moderately high.
Izumi, Structure Refinements with a new version of the Rietveld-Refinement program RIETAN, Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 102 (1994) 401-404
Fischer, Profile agreement indices in Rietveld and pattern-fitting analysis, Journal of Applied Crystallography 23 (1990) 462-468
Pagani, Quantitative analysis of silicate glass in ceramic materials by the Rietveld method, Materials Science Forum 278 (1984) 87-92
International union of crystallography, 1993.

References [1] Yan Wang,Dejin Hu:Grinding Mechanism and Preparation Technology of Magnetic Abrasive Grains.Tool Engineering,2003,37(6):32-34
[3] Chang Geengwei,Binghua Yan and Rongtong Su:Study on cylindrical magnetic abrasive finishing using unbonded magnetic abrasives.International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture,2002,42(5):575-583
[4] Chunxiang Ma,E Shamoto,T.Moriwaki and Wang Lijiang:Study of machining accuracy in ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting.International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture. 2004, 44 :1305-1310
[7] Hitomi Yamaguchi, Takeo Shinmura:Internal finishing process for alumina ceramic components by a magnetic field assisted finishing process .Precision Engineering, 2004, 28(2) :135-142
[8] Uhimann E:Surface formation in feed grinding of advanced ceramics with and without ultrasonic assistance .Annals of the CIRP, 1998, 47(1) :249-252

In this paper, Mechanical alloying (MA) and field activated and pressure assisted synthesis (FAPAS) were used for preparing the ultra-hard, super-abrasive AlMgB14-xTiB2 composite ceramic.
Mechanism of reactive sintering of MgAlB14 by pulse electric current, Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials. 27 (2009) 556-563
Russell, Al2MgO4, Fe3O4, and FeB impurities in AlMgB14, Materials Science and Engineering. 351 (2003) 117-122
Cook, Belt abrasion resistance and cutting tool studies on new ultra-hard boride materials, Tribology International. 42 (2009) 706-713
Peters, Mechanical properties and scratch test studies of new ultra-hard AlMgB14 modified by TiB2, Tribology International. 39 (2006) 129-137.

International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 2016, 57:24-30
Tribology International, 2014, 73(5):47-56
Journal of Shenyang University of Technology, 2013
China Surface Engineering, 2012, 25(3):42-46
Journal of Northeastern University, 2013, 34(10):1416-1419

J. of Impact Engineering. 180 (2023) 734-743.
J. of Impact Engineering. 12(1) (1992) 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0734-743X(92)90282-X [11] M. 
Nasrin Ferdous, Kevlar-The Super Tough Fiber, International Journal of Textile Science. 1(6) (2013) 78-83.
Jauberthie, Enhanced Gypsum Panels for Fire Protection, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 20(1) (2008) 71-77. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2008)20:1(71) [59] A. de Korte, H. 
Vilnitis, Plywood Panel with UHMW Polyethylene Board Ballistic Resistance, Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering. 32 (1) (2023) 233-243. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.32.1.32822

Effect of Space Holder and Compaction Pressure on the Porosity of Sintered Copper Shamsul Baharin Jamaludina, Chong Xin Yi, Alida Abdullah, Kamarudin Hussin Sustainable Engineering Research Cluster, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Blok B, Taman Pertiwi Indah, Seriab, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia asbaharin@unimap.edu.my Keywords: porous, powder metallurgy, copper, space holder, sintering Abstract.
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, (2008) 744-756 [2] D.
Open-cellular copper structures fabricated by additive manufacturing using electron beam melting, Materials Science and Engineering A, (2011) 5379-5386
Zhang, On the compressive behavior of sintered porous coppers with low-to-medium porosities-Part II: Preparation and microstructure, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, (2008) 550–558 [6] I.
Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, (2011) 50(1), 73-82 [7] Y.

Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology. 9(10) (2018) 454-463
Garg, A review paper on stir casting of reinforced aluminum metal matrix composite, International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering. 4(1) (2015) 62-74
Nallusamy, A review on the effects of casting quality, microstructure and mechanical properties of cast Al-Si-0.3Mg alloy, International Journal of Performability Engineering. 12(2) (2016) 143-154
Nallusamy, Experimental analysis on sliding wear behaviour of aluminium-6063 with SiC particulate composites, International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa. 31 (2017) 36-43
Nallusamy, Material modeling on epoxy granite composite by analytical model and regression analysis, International Journal of Performability Engineering. 17(3) (2021) 253-262