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While fig.2b show the reduction efficiency for respective pH.
Typical graph of (a: absorbance at varying pH, b: reduction efficiency of silver ion).
Reduction efficiency at every pH can be seen at fig. 2b, as receive pH of mixture was pH 5, it will be used as reference to measure the efficiency of silver ion reduction for pH 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10.
The reduction efficiency starts to increase at pH 6 until pH 8 and almost constant at pH 9 to 10.
The XRD pattern of synthesized crystalline silver nanoparticle is shown in Fig. 3c the peaks are indexed as (111), (200), (220) and (311) plans of FCC silver by comparing with JCPDS data.

SJTs with a pre-stress hFE of 90 suffer only a 10% reduction of the hFE after 190 hours under a 200 A/cm2 DC current stress at a TJ of 125°C, while a similar stress on earlier generation SJTs resulted in over 25% hFE reduction in only 25 hours.
This paper will present hFE stability data obtained from stressing SJTs free of BPDs.
A current gain degradation of nearly 25% is observed in 6 hours of DC current stress at 125°C, whereas minimal hFE reduction results when the same stress is applied at 25°C.
A similar stress applied to Gen-II SJTs results in ≈ 10% hFE reduction after 190 hours of stressing.
A 10% reduction in hFE is within acceptable limits for this parameter, especially since the SJT switches are mostly operated in the saturation region, typically with a 50% base current overdrive.

In the present study we attempted a 20% reduction of CEMI 42.5R (by total mass of solids) by adding 20% of limestone filler and subsequently added 1% of colloidal nanosilica, aiming (i) at leveraging strength loss due to the reduction of Portland cement, (ii) at providing early strength and (iii) at enhancing the microstructure.
In this research it was revealed that nanosilica particles improved early age strength by engaging in reactions during the initial setting, building additional calcium-silicate-aluminate, the backbone of cement [7], improved microstructure since nanosilica acted as nano-fillers, improving packing and counterbalanced the anticipated strength reduction due to the reduction in clinker, in certain cases providing even higher values compared to the control formulation.
• Corundum sand 0/4mm • Powdered corundum sand 0/2mm • Superplasticizer SP • Nanosilica (nS): Colloidal amorphous nS particles in an aqueous suspension With respect to the industrial nanosilica, according to the Technical Data Sheet it contains about 30% by mass of nS particles.
This was partly attributed to the large quantities of superplasticizers used and the 20% reduction of Portland cement.
c) The present results are very promising with respect to Portland cement reduction if early age strength gain is not a prerequisite.

The planning practice has a significant effect on runoff reduction.
The effect of runoff reduction for rainwater utilization measures is analysis.
Fig. 1 Overview of processes incorporated in the planning runoff estimation Mountain areas Overland flow (inflow hydrograph) Flow routing through drainage system Initial loss-constant continuing loss rate model Rainfall Overland flow GIS data Instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) SWMM Urban areas Initial loss-constant continuing loss rate model Rainfall GIS data Instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) Case Study Area [6].
According to this basis data, Futian River watershed stormwater control and utilization planning is carried out.
Effect of Runoff Reduction.

However, many of these methods stop at the theoretical stage, because they lack the breadth and depth of data required in practice.
The equation parameters were obtained through data analysis.
Therefore, the results may have problems such as duplicated data or leakage.
According to the characteristics of water environmental degradation and data available for the Taihu Basin, the protection costs method and classification method were selected to estimate the water environmental degradation costs.
Because of data limitations, some evaluation methods failed to operate in practice.

The numerical simulation method was adopted to analyze the effect on boundary layer thickness reduction of various vortex generator parameters.
It is recognized that minimizing or eliminating the wall boundary layer will certainly guarantee the accuracy of semi-span test data.
The vortex generator design method is still empirical, especially for wind tunnel applications[3], research on design parameters effect is meaningful for further optimization of vortex generators. 2.4m transonic wind tunnel is the most important experimental platform for Chinese large-scale aircraft development, the capability of producing high accurate test data is crucial for future advanced system design.
Considering the simulating objective is to address the boundary layer thickness reduction after the application of vortex generators, the absolute value difference has no influence on results analysis.
It should be noted that the closest location case (10δ*) produces the highest vortices magnitude in model mounting region; however, it results in the lowest thickness reduction.

STEP-Tools company indicates that: After STEP-NC was used, there will be 35% reduction in time for job shop to set up machining job, 75% reduction in time for OEM to prepare data for job shop and 50% reduction in machining time[2].
The objects in this case are manufacturing features and their associated process data.
The STEP-NC data consists of instances of entities.
Fig.1 shows the STEP-NC data model[5].
A Framework for an Intelligent CNC and Data Model[J].

In this paper, using the annals data of 1996-2011 establishes some kind of model of carbon emissions and economic growth regression analysis to determine the relationship of the carbon emissions generated by energy consumption and economic growth, and forecasts the carbon emissions trend, and will provide practical policy recommendations for low-carbon development in Hebei Province. 2.
Study of the relationship between carbon emissions and economic development in Hebei Province a) Data sources The historical energy consumption data in 1996-2011 (million tons of standard coal), the proportion of four major fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas, water and electricity) accounted for the total energy consumption, Calendar year's per capita GDP,　and the consumer price index which were used in the article were all from the Hebei Economy Yearbook.
Then foreign scholars using the time series and cross section data or panel data do a large of empirical analysis on the environmental kuznets curve.
By using SPSSv17, the paper carries out the data from 1996 to 2011 to do regression analysis, the graphics are shown in figure 3 below: The results derived from curve estimation, carbon emissions and the explaining variables equation is linear when R2 = 0.938, namely carbon emissions are highly correlated with economic growth.
In hebei economic annual energy consumption data, we can clearly see that in the consumption of energy, the coal consumption rate has reached 90% on average, while the consumption of natural gas and hydropower is very low, so we should change the coal-dominated energy consumption structure.

Bottu 25, 917 24, Trnava, Slovak Republic alazarosl@uclv.edu.cu , bdaynier_sobrino@stuba.sk , cnorgec@uclv.edu.cu Keywords: Reduction of defects, Risers, Steel cast, Simulation Abstract.
The statistical processing of the data obtained showed the relationships between the parameters studied and the different regression equations.
Results of the Simulations Several simulations were performed for each of the data of the experimental design shown in Table 2.
Similarly, Eq. 2 shows the multiple regression equation which is adjusted to the data/variables that really have an action on the results.
A study carried out using the software Statgraphics, shows a combination of data for optimizing the results with regard to the reduction of the defects, these are shown in Table 4.

Fig. 4 shows the measured data.
A reduction of 15 % from the FSW blanks results in a tensile strength Rm,FSW of 210 ±15 N/mm².
Annealing at 250 °C for 5 sec results in a reduction of the tensile strength (see Fig. 5).
As a result the FSW blanks show a reduction in tensile strength and hardness.
Based on the measured data, short time heat treatment experiments with three different temperatures 250, 350 and 450 °C using the aluminum base material were performed.