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Comparably, crack growth from lamellar into bimodal microstructure and convergence with crack growth rates of the basic bimodal microstructure can be attributed to a corresponding decrease in roughness of crack front profile (compare Figs. 9b and 9d with the fully bimodal microstructure shown in Fig. 10b) and an accompanied reduction in crack closure and bridging values with increasing crack length (see Table 1).
The data of both long crack and small cracks emanating from notches corrected for the crack closure effects tend to overlap.
Results of the fatigue crack growth rates plotted vs. stress intensity factor range compared with long and small crack data.

Data is displayed in graphical form and analyzed descriptively Results and Discussion 3D-Printing Pedicle screw The design outcomes and 3D-printing results using the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method with a single extruder featuring a 0.4 mm nozzle diameter for each pedicle screw sample with varying thread pitches can be observed in Figure 2.
Data analysis revealed a positive trend in the pull-out test results for pedicle screw samples, both with and without IBS.
This study also supports that for the reduction of von mises stress and strain at smaller thread spacing.

Compared to other materials, such as the light metals aluminum and magnesium or plastics and composites, the higher strength steels have, besides weight reduction, the additional advantages, that the processing is similar to that of conventional mild steel.
The result of this complex situation is shown in figure 3 (3) by tensile test data obtained with the first industrial application of these steels.
A rather small volume fraction of retained austenite was insufficient to promote the TRIP effect with its characteristic high uniform elongation data to occur.

The efficient manufacturing is given by significant material savings and reduction of production cycle times due to more intensified cooling of solidifying material by internal gas flow.
Experimental data indicated that part stiffness basically increases linearly with the moment of inertia of the part cross-section.
Transferred data included mesh and material models, no geometrical information.

The resultant data is in dark and bright retardation bands and is converted into principal stress differences using a stress optical law [32].
The shoulders of the principal stress difference appearing in the die land for PPNC 0.5% reflected the slow stress relaxation in the downstream section and a reduction in the principal stress difference along the centerline.
The ratio of G (γ, t) / G (t) provided the damping function h (γ) to evaluate the damping coefficient k as an exponential fit to shear rate vs h (γ) data using equation (2) for simple shearing flow.

As a transient phase in the reduction process of ferric iron in nature, the stability of the natural MLDH was excessive low [6].
Finally, the solid was isolated by centrifugation for 15 min at 5000 r·min-1 for cold storage. 2.4 Characterization of samples The XRD patterns were determined with a Rigaku D/max-r B X-ray diffractometer (Japan) using Cu Kα radiation filtered at λ = 0.1542 nm, data between 1˚ and 70˚ were collected at a scanning rate of 2˚·min-1.
For each sample, the final absorbance was the average of those values measured from six wells in parallel, and the data were expressed as mean ±SD. 2.6 Agarose gel electrophoresis To demonstrate the combining and protect effect of MLDH for DNA, electrophoresis was analyzed for the MLDH/DNA hybrids with respect to pH and DNase I treatment.

When considering the convergence of the method, careful attention should be paid to stopping criteria, as an incorrect choice can lead to inaccurate results or unnecessary computations); 3) linear or nonlinear behavior (if the material exhibits linear behavior, greater convergence and rapid error reduction can be expected.
Saraf, Data driven tools and methods for microtexture classification and dwell fatigue life prediction in dual phase titanium alloys.
Saraf, Data driven tools and methods for microtexture classification and dwell fatigue life prediction in dual phase titanium alloys.

For the survival curves, each data point represents the average of three independent experiments each plated in quintuplicate.
For the survival curves, each data point represents the average of three independent experiments each repeated in quintuplicate.
In clinical practice, MV X-rays are usually used because the superior penetration of such high energy radiation can give rise to a greater dose uniformity and a reduction in the dose delivered to surrounding healthy tissue.

In one study of U.S-Mexican maquiladora operations, improvements to performance were found in the areas of order cycle time reduction, routing, and scheduling, and effective handling of border crossing of outbound freight.
The methodology proposed is illustrated with the data from a paint industry.
The results of the fuzzy model are then used as input data to a simulation model, aiming to calculate replenishment quantities during a finite planning horizon, and provide the user the assessment of SC performance (delivery performance.

Isochromatic patterns were used to examine the data from a remote tension test in order to determine SIF, or crack opening displacement of anisotropic materials or bi-materials [10].
The data from the load-displacement diagram was used to derive these values.
The curves also showed that a shift in the direction of the crack propagation led to a reduction in the local stress.