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Online since: August 2013
Authors: Tong Lou Ding, Bao Shan Wang, Yan Liu, Jia Chao Zhou, Na Sui, Xiao Dong Zhang, Jie Song
Salinity caused reduction in germination percentage, germination rate, root and shoot weights in plants [8].
Data analysis Data were subjected to a two-way ANOVA using the SAS™ software (SAS Institute Inc. 1989).
Online since: February 2025
Authors: Surya Lubis, Mutiara Ramadhani, Ilham Maulana
The main peaks in the diffraction pattern of TiO2 NPs prove the formation of TiO2 in the anatase phase according to data from the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) No. 21-1272.
Fig. 1 XRD patterns of TiO2 NPs, activated carbon and 7.5 wt%-AC/TiO2 nanocomposite Based on XRD data results, the average crystallite size of the TiO2 NPs and 7.5 wt%-AC/TiO2 were calculated by Debye Scherrer’s Eq. 2.
During the photocatalytic degradation experiments the absorbance peaks of chlorpyrifos decreased indicating a reduction in chlorpyrifos concentration.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Yang Xian Li, Jun Li Lv, Jian Dong Sun, Tao Du
(b) Geometric construction of joint compression brace member Tension brace member chord member chord member multiplanar KT-joint multiplanar KT-joint compression brace member Tension brace member tie bar (a) Inverted trapezia-shaped roof truss Fig.1 The spatial parallel overlapped K-joint with two chords and the spatial KT-IPOv joints Fig.2 Multiplanar unstiffened tubular KT-IPOv joints Brief Introduction of Experiment The test data as revise of the finite- element analytical model derives from the test report[1]on the capability of butt-welded joint the tubular full penetration of Suzhou International Convention & Exhibition Center.
In Figure 13, the variation range of the ζt corresponding to that of the Φ is 70 degrees to 120 degrees, namely, data points 0.02, 0.05, 0.14, 0.23, 0.31, 0.39 of ζt in the figure respectively correspond to Φ equaling to 70°, 80°, 90°, 100°, 110°, and 120°.
Shanghai: Research Institute of Structure Engineering and Disaster Reduction, Civil Engineering College, Tongji University, China, 2004
Online since: January 2026
Authors: Spyros Papaefthymiou, Fotios Tsiolis
The resulting phase fraction data and micro-segregation profiles obtained from the Scheil simulation were directly parsed into the subsequent DICTRA diffusion kinetics simulation.
Simulation results indicate an incubation period lasting approximately 5.5 hours, after which significant nucleation and growth of dispersoids occurred, coinciding precisely with the temperature reduction during homogenization from 590°C to 530°C and subsequent sub-homogenization temperature soaking period (Fig. 4a-b).
§ Predicted dispersoid sizes and fractions (α: ~210 nm, 0.175%; β: ~290 nm, 0.03%) and the calculated Zener pinning pressure (~0.0052 MPa) are in close agreement with benchmark data for low-Si 3xxx alloys
Online since: November 2025
Authors: Artem Maiboroda, Maryna Chyrkina-Kharlamovа, Dmytro Zhurbynskyi, Dmytro Tregubov
Table 1 shows the correlation coefficients between coke quality indicators and its electrical resistance (standard and investigated methods) when approximating the obtained data in most cases by a linear dependence.
Density Technical analysis data ρst Combustibility K Hardness G SG Glab ρар ρtrue W A V S τρ m 0.9 0.62 0.66 0.1 0.11 0.01 0.88 0.41 0.85 0.55 0.50 0.94 0.57 τρ 0.78 0.53 0.59 0.03 0.11 0.08 0.79 0.4 0.76 0.48 0.34 0.84 0.52 Rhot 0.9 0.62 0.69 0.04 0.13 0.05 0.89 0.47 0.85 0.56 0.66 0.93 0.29 Rcold 0.87 0.68 0.64 0.01 0.28 0.03 0.9 0.35 0.81 0.58 0.21 0.88 0.45 Rhot m 0.93 0.67 0.71 0.14 0.12 0.033 0.92 0.4 0.84 0.6 0.83 0.94 0.45 ρst 0.61 0.67 0.81 0.15 0.15 0.02 - 0.47 0.67 0.51 0.8 0.64 0.77 ρst m 0.92 0.67 0.83 0.11 0.24 0.01 0.4 0.80 0.64 0.62 0.9 0.18 * – in bold, coke quality indicators which has a greater correlation with electrical resistance indicators are indicated, some of them are shown in fig. 1, 2, 3.
To determine the coke quality indicators based on drum test results – the conditional electrical resistance ρcond, the apparent density ρар, the reactivity K, the substance electrical resistivity ρst and the structural strength SG of the carbonized material – the following formulas was developed: conditional electrical resistance: ρcond = (Rг2 + ΔR)/(mRг); (1) structural strength: SG = 103.41 – 2.384ρcond, %; (2) reactivity: K = 0.0771(ρcond – 4) + 0,2952, сm3/(g∙s); (3) apparent density: ρар = 1.1997 – 0.0323ρcond, Ohm∙ cm; (4) electrical resistivity: ρst = 0.0157ρcond – 0.0251, Ohm∙ cm; (5) where Rhot – drum calculated resistance with sample in the hot state, Ohm; ΔR – reduction in the electrical resistance upon heating to 670 °C, Ohm; m – sample weight, kg.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Christoph Schmid, Harald Hetzner, Stephan Tremmel, Felix Hilpert, Karsten Durst
Moreover, not only the resultant coating properties as a function of applied process parameter were investigated, but also a quadratic regression model was derived by statistical evaluation of the experimental data, which is expected to enable deposition of coatings with predefined i.e. tailored mechanical properties.
The indentations were performed using continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) technique with standard parameters (45 Hz, 2 nm) and mechanical properties, H and E, were evaluated from load-displacement data according to the Oliver-Pharr method [17].
The columnar microstructure is typical for this type of coatings and is discussed to be responsible for the reduction of residual stresses [13].
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Stefania Liuzzi, P. Stefanizzi
This is the reason why it is fundamental to take into account the following parameters when a new building envelope has to be designed: ü the climatic data (temperature, relative humidity, winds, solar radiation, etc.); ü the shape of the building envelope versus the climate area features; ü the building materials and the compatibility between themselves.
This can allows to assert that the reduction of the pore radii corresponds to an increase of the relative humidity in the pores themselves up to a condensation.
In order to assess the hygrothermal behaviour of a building material the following input data of the material are requested: ü Bulk density, ρs [kg/m3], ü Specific heat capacity, cp [J/kg K], ü Thermal conductivity (dry and wet state), λ [W/m K], ü Bulk porosity, n [m3/m3], ü Sorption isotherm curves, ü Water vapour permeability, δp [kg/m s Pa], ü Liquid diffusivity for uptake and redistribution process, Dw [m2/s].
Online since: June 2015
Authors: Putti Venkata Siva Teja, S. Karthik Saran, Debabrata Majumder, S. Prabhu
An IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Standards) file was generated based on the shape (surface) data to be read in the CAD software.
Pointing tool like the mouse cursor can be used as a “virtual touch probe” used to pick appropriate points and define a datum line and plane of a surface for the 3-D metrological analysis [2, 8].
The system provides the capability of measuring linear and angular quantities, establishing datum lines and planes from the imported shape of the cutting tool.
A reliable scheme for the reduction of error components was suggested by using a CCD camera and an exclusive jig to be able to precisely measure the size of tool wear [3].
Online since: May 2019
Authors: Ivan Procházka, Jaroslav Málek, Vladimír Šíma, Martin Vlach, Vladivoj Očenášek, Hana Kudrnová, Marián Vlček, Veronika Kodetová, Michal Leibner
Despite a number of investigations of Al–Mg-, Al–Mn-, Al–Mg–Si- as well as Al–Sc–Zr-based alloys there are considerably less systematized data about the Al–Mg–Si–Cr–Mn–Sc–Zr alloys in the literature.
%Zr alloy was conventionally cast (AC alloy) and also further deformed by cold-rolling with a reduction of 68 % (CR alloy).
Derivative resistivity data compiled in the previous studies of the heat-treated AlMnScZr alloys during isochronal annealing [2] do not differ in the temperature position of the I-stage in Fig. 3.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: O.A. Alli, Chidi Onyedikam, A. A. Sosimi, Ladi Ogunwolu
Setup reduction programs have substantially reduced setup and changeover times in many production environments so that more companies can use a make-to-order production control strategy.
For a data-value , we can determine the support boundaries in terms of , otherwise known as the membership grade of any set-point contained in the fuzzy set , , the left offset, , the right offset, and , the centre point.
The same input data used for the deterministic demand model, with Coefficient of Variation less than 15 percent, was also assumed in the fuzzy model.
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