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Physical technology can retain natural flavor of raw materials, but it cannot make full use of the flavoring compounds out of raw materials [5].
Materials and methods Materials and reagent Raw material A sample of about 2.1 kg (about 0.8% muscle residuals) of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) by-products was produced from 4.5 kg of steamed Chinese mitten crab, length 5.6cm, width 6.3cm, acquired from the local crab products factory in Chongming island (Shanghai, China), in September 2012.
Journal of Fish Biology. vol 64(4)(2004), p.970-983
International Dairy Journal, vol 12(10)(2002), p.813-820
Journal of food science. vol 55(2)(1990), p.379-380.

In our study we tried both routes described and used Al2O3 and SiO2onSiC as substrate materials.
As mentioned in the materials section three different bonding approaches were tested in this study.
Yasseen, et al., Fabrication of low defect density 3C-SiC on SiO2 structures using wafer bonding techniques, Journal of electronic materials 27(3) (1998) L17-L20
Jokubavicius, et al., An adhesive bonding approach by hydrogen silsesquioxane for silicon carbide-based LED applications, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 91 (2019) 9-12
Kumar, et al., Comparative study of thermally cured and electron-beam-exposed hydrogen silsesquioxane resists, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena 26(5) (2008) 1654-1659.

It is increasingly used by industry to process various materials, particularly difficult-to-machine materials such as ceramics [3-12] and composites [6,13-19].
Engrs., Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, Vol. 220 (2006), pp. 703-714
Engrs., Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, Vol. 220 (2006), pp. 715-725
Geskin: State of the Art of Research and Development in Abrasive Waterjet Machining, ASME Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 119 (1997), pp. 776-785
Wong: Optimising Abrasive Waterjet Cutting of Ceramic Materials, J.

Consequently,biocompatible materials need to be coated onto the surface or be incorporated as second phases [4].
The fracture toughness which is contributed to research functional coating material for biomedical materials.
References [1] R.Mcpherson,N.Gane,T.Baston:Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Medicine Vol.6(1995), p.327-334
Ogino: Journal Biomedical Materials Research Vol.29(1995),p.65–72
[7] Janming Ruan, Jianpeng Zou, Boyun Huang: Biomaterial science (Science Press, Beijing 2004),in Chinese

In Materials Letters, Vol. 152, 2015, pp. 232-236
In Materials Science and Engineering B25, 1994, pp. 39-46
In Materials and Design, Vol. 47, 2013, pp. 281-286
In Materials Science and Engineering A290, 2000, pp. 186-189
In Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 36, No. 9, 2007, pp. 1193-1199

At present, the development and application of various new light-weight materials has provided conditions for reducing the unit mass of components in pressure-relief area.
Therefore, the lighter materials shall be selected as the components of pressure-relief area for the closed or semi-closed compression compartment.
Journal of Safety Science and Technology, Vol,5(1) (2009), p. 71-75.
Norwegian University of Science and Technology,1998
Journal of Hazardous Materials.

Gravel and sand materials can be used e.g. as subsoil when building roads, dams of water structures, etc. [1].
However, the most common materials obtained during the desilting of waterways and reservoirs are clay and silt particles.
The results of the chemical analysis of studied bottom sediments and other starting materials are presented in Table 2.
Junak, Alternative reuse of bottom sediments in construction materials: Overview, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 549, Issue 1 (2019) 1-6
Rincón, Valorisation of contaminated marine sediments to produce ceramic construction materials, Spanish National Conference on Advances in Materials Recycling and Eco – Energy, (2009) 45-48

Langdon, Progress in Materials Science, 51 (2006) 881-981
Estrin, et al., Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 90A (2009) 1239-1242
Faghihi, et al., Advanced Materials, 19 (2007) 1069-1073
Valiev, et al., Advanced Engineering Materials, 10 (2008) B15-B17
Hoseini, et al., Materials Characterization, 61 (2010) 1371-1378

The apparent density of it is 2632 kg/m3 and its fineness modulus is 2.77; the size of the coarse aggregate is between 5mm and 20mm and the apparent density is 2719 kg/ m3; tap water is used in the experiment and its PH value is 8.73; fly ash produced by Sui Ning Thermal Power Plant belongs to high-quality Class I and its type is S95; the slag is ground granulated blast furnace slag produced by Cheng Du Concrete New Building Materials Co., Ltd.; additives are JX—GBNH1/1 high efficient polycarboxylate water reducer and solid high-performance erosion resistance preservatives (pumping)JX—GW2 which are produced by Si Chuan Superstar New Materials Co., Ltd..
Sulfate solution not only reacts with internal components of the concrete and generates expansile materials like ettringite and gypsum [4], but also separates calcium from C-S-H gel and even makes the gel have an apparent phenomenon of softening and segregation.
Therefore, lowering water-cement ratio, reducing the internal porosity of concrete and spraying coating on concrete materials can improve the frost resistance durability.
Journal of Wuhan University of Science &Technology, 2009(3) : 46 -50
Research progress of concrete freeze-thaw cycles [J].Journal of Materials Science and Engineering, 2008(10) :990-994

Estimation Model for Fatigue Life of Pipeline Steel with Mechanical Damage Yurong Jiang1,a and Meibao Chen2,b 1College of Petroleum Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China 2College of Safety Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China ajjcc540@163.com, b52053922@qq.com (corresponding author) Keywords: fatigue life, pipeline steel, crack initiation, crack propagation, mechanical damage Abstract.
This is due to a combination of good design, materials and operating practices.
Estimation Model for Fatigue Life of Pipeline Steel Hagiwara et al. [15,16] have been proposed an estimation formula for fatigue life of the steel pipe which was shown in Eq.2 (2) in which Nf is the estimated fatigue life; E is the elastic modulus of the materials; C, α, β, γ are the regression coefficients; d is the depth of dent; D is the pipe diameter; t is the depth of defects; T is the pipe wall thickness; and Δσ/E is the elastic strain range It can be seen from the Eq.2 that the estimated fatigue life sharply depends on the depth of dent, the depth of defects and the loaded stress amplitude, independent of the length of defects, the pipe diameter, the materials of the pipe and the hoop stress.
Fatigue Vol.23(2001), p.751 [12]Yong Zhong, Yiyin Shan, Furen Xiao, et al.: Material Letters Vol.59(2005), p.1780 [13] Meibao Chen and Rong Wang: Materials for Mechanical Engineering Vol.28 (2004),p.18 (in Chinese) [14] Xiulin Zheng, in: Quantitative Theory of Metal Fatigue, Northwest Industrial University press, Xi An(1994), in press.
(in Chinese) [15]Hagiwaran, Mezierey, Oguchin, et al.: JSME International Journal Vol.42 (1999),p.610 [16]Hagiwaran, Oguchin: Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology Vol.121 (1999),p.369 [17]Meibao Chen and Yurong Jiang: Advanced Materials Research Vol. 311-313 (2011), p.841 [18]Meibao Chen and Yurong Jiang: Advanced Materials Research Vol. 284-286 (2011), p.1148