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[5] Zhang Xinghong, Cheng Zhiqun, Xia Guanqun and et al.
[7] Ono S, Ciappa M, Hiura S, et al.
Y. and El Nokali, M.

Richardson et al. [7] introduced pulsed current and short arc length to stabilize the welding arc and metal transfer process.
Azar et al. [8] presented a mathematical approach to predict the arc behavior and its stability.
U=UAC+EL. (1) where U is arc voltage, UAC is the sum of the fall voltages, E is the electric field strength at current ambient pressure, L is the arc length.

Razorenov et al, Influence of High Modular Ceramic Inert Wall on Propagation of Detonation in Condensed High Explosive Charges, Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves 30 (1994) 674-681
Razorenov et al, Influence of Wall of SiC Ceramics on Detonation Parameters in High Explosive Charges, Proc. of Int.
Murphy, E.L.

Bouarourd Département de Sciences des Matériaux, Faculté de Génie Mécanique et Génie des Procédés, U.S.T.H.B, B.P N°32, 16111, El-Alia, Bab-Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria akeddam@yahoo.fr, br_kouba11@yahoo.fr, cchegroune_redouane@yahoo.fr, dboudj2k@yahoo.fr Keywords: Nitriding, CrN phase, Iron nitrides, GDOS analysis, Compound layer, Nitriding potential.
According to the Fe-Cr-N isothermal phase diagram already published by Ibendorf et al. [4], the CrN phase was found to be stable for 3.25 wt.
The formation of Cr2N was observed by Esfandiari et al. [6] during the plasma nitriding of A236 stainless steel containing 15 wt.

Tan, et al: Properties of Sand Filling and Compaction in Pattern Cavity of Horizontal Varied Section on EPC[J].
[2] Wegscheid EL.
Li, et al: Dynamic Analysis on Filling Vertical Tube by Unbonded Sand in EPC [J].Foundry, 1998 (09):9-11.

In 1998, Ball et al. have investigated the response of gamma backscattering to the spatial density in bulk sample [1].
Jahanbakhsh et al. investigate the possibility of using weak gamma sources in the Compton scattering for density investigation of bulk samples [2].
S, El-Khatib, A. and Thabet, A.

The pseudo-dynamic testing method, proposed by Takanashi et al. (1975), combines the advantages of quasi-static and shaking table test methods.
To increase test capacity and model scale, substructure technique was developed for pseudo-dynamic testing (Dermitzakis & Mahin 1985; Nakashima et al.1990) [1-2].
The excitation was the El Centro (NS, 1940) earthquake record.

Deterministic seismic response analysis such as time-history analysis subjected to uniform excitations as well as multiple support excitations has been completed by some researchers(S.X. et al.,1997; Z.X.Li et al.,2003). but when it comes to high-pier and long-span continous rigid-framed bridge under non-uniform excitation, the related research is rarely reported.
In this analysis, the El-Centro wave (N-S) is taken as the input motion.

To find a kind of new interconnect material with superior electrical properties for SOFCs, Anikina et al. [2] studied the formation and electrical conductivity of Ca 2+ and Cu 2+ doped SmCrO3, and Hirota et al. [3] reported the formation, sintering and electrical conductivity of Mg 2+ doped SmCrO3, but the electrical conductivities of these materials are all low in the range of intermediate temperature.
[2] E.L.

Zussman, and A.L.
El-Newehy, S.S.
Al-Deyab and H.Y.