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Online since: March 2011
Authors: Joost R. Duflou, Karel Kellens, Wim Dewulf, Renaldi Renaldi
On the other hand, most such available data are incomplete: their focus is often limited to theoretical energy consumption and data on the machine tool infrastructure or potential emissions are rarely found [1].
Methodology In order to enable a consistent and accurate inventorisation and documentation of Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data for a wide range of discrete manufacturing processes, a generic data collection methodology was developed within the CO2PE!
While the functional unit and system boundaries are set during the goal and scope definition, the real data collection effort occurs based on industrial measurements and comprises four different studies.
Often, reduction of standby consumption offers a large improvement potential.
(Cooperative Effort on Process Emissions in Manufacturing) – Website and data exchange platform, http://www.mech.kuleuven.be/co2pe [4] N.
Methodology In order to enable a consistent and accurate inventorisation and documentation of Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data for a wide range of discrete manufacturing processes, a generic data collection methodology was developed within the CO2PE!
While the functional unit and system boundaries are set during the goal and scope definition, the real data collection effort occurs based on industrial measurements and comprises four different studies.
Often, reduction of standby consumption offers a large improvement potential.
(Cooperative Effort on Process Emissions in Manufacturing) – Website and data exchange platform, http://www.mech.kuleuven.be/co2pe [4] N.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Iulian Antoniac, Ioan Cristescu, Mihaela Dinu, Rami Saban, Razvan Ionescu, Daniel Vilcioiu
In order to achieve the objectives of the experimental study we follow several important steps, like assembly of medical data (the patient files and a survey of radiological images).
He underwent open reduction and internal fixation in the usual manner without any significant complications.
After fixation the fracture showed a good anatomic reduction.
In order to complete our study with some data about the effect of the metallic implants on the surrounding tissues, histopathological analysis was performed.
It is a stable assembly that ensure rigid fixation with endosteal vessels protection and anatomical reduction.
He underwent open reduction and internal fixation in the usual manner without any significant complications.
After fixation the fracture showed a good anatomic reduction.
In order to complete our study with some data about the effect of the metallic implants on the surrounding tissues, histopathological analysis was performed.
It is a stable assembly that ensure rigid fixation with endosteal vessels protection and anatomical reduction.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Hirokazu Nagai, Kazuyuki Tamura, Kensuke Nishioka, Hiroto Yano, Kenji Araki
The reduction rate of h was also 12%.
The reasonability of the measured date obtained by the LBIC system was confirmed by using the simulation data.
Figure 3 shows the relationship between the reduction rate of calculated optical efficiency and measured Isc in the case of the tracking error with 1.0o.
At the center position, the reduction of measured Isc was remarkable.
The percentage of reduction in Isc owing to the unavailable area was only 0.12% of total Isc (derived from the data in Fig.2(a)).
The reasonability of the measured date obtained by the LBIC system was confirmed by using the simulation data.
Figure 3 shows the relationship between the reduction rate of calculated optical efficiency and measured Isc in the case of the tracking error with 1.0o.
At the center position, the reduction of measured Isc was remarkable.
The percentage of reduction in Isc owing to the unavailable area was only 0.12% of total Isc (derived from the data in Fig.2(a)).
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Aaron Thean
With the continuing growth of data bandwidth, next-generation information technology demands circuit and device scaling to meet performance, form-factor and cost needs.
With increase performance and circuit density, reduction in power dissipation has become paramount for both high-performance and low-power applications.
With increase performance and circuit density, reduction in power dissipation has become paramount for both high-performance and low-power applications.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Dumitru Soaita
Working methodology consisted in processing literature data and data obtained from author’s experimental research on the environmental impact of EDM.
As a consequence, the reduction of energy, resources end noise demands is an essential key to improve the environmental performance of industrial manufacturing processes.
However, some applications for reduction of environmental impact are relevant to EDM as the following paragraphs illustrates.
There are no data available regarding the environmental performance and related savings potentials of EDM machine tools considering the multitude of design options identified and subject to assessment.
The reduction of environmental impact of manufacturing processes demands accurate knowledge about the existing material and energy flows as well as the origins of associated environmental impact.
As a consequence, the reduction of energy, resources end noise demands is an essential key to improve the environmental performance of industrial manufacturing processes.
However, some applications for reduction of environmental impact are relevant to EDM as the following paragraphs illustrates.
There are no data available regarding the environmental performance and related savings potentials of EDM machine tools considering the multitude of design options identified and subject to assessment.
The reduction of environmental impact of manufacturing processes demands accurate knowledge about the existing material and energy flows as well as the origins of associated environmental impact.
Online since: July 2009
Authors: Gideon Moses Jacob, Igor Zhitomirsky
The diffusion-controlled deposition mechanism is based on the reduction
of anionic MnO4 at
the cathode surface.
The experimental data presented in Fig.1 showed lower deposition yield from the 0.1 and 0.15 M KMnO4 solutions compared to that obtained from the 0.02 M KMnO4 solution at a current density of 2 mA/cm2.
A small reduction in sample mass was observed during anodic pulse, applied after cathodic pulse (Fig.2 b).
As a result, the reduction in charge storage properties was observed.
Summary Manganese dioxide films were prepared by cathodic reduction of 0.02-0.15 M KMnO4 solutions.
The experimental data presented in Fig.1 showed lower deposition yield from the 0.1 and 0.15 M KMnO4 solutions compared to that obtained from the 0.02 M KMnO4 solution at a current density of 2 mA/cm2.
A small reduction in sample mass was observed during anodic pulse, applied after cathodic pulse (Fig.2 b).
As a result, the reduction in charge storage properties was observed.
Summary Manganese dioxide films were prepared by cathodic reduction of 0.02-0.15 M KMnO4 solutions.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Hong Dong Yu, Yao Dong Wang, Da Wei Wu, Tony Roskilly, Hai Sheng Chen, Chun Qing Tan
For data acquisition, a Fluke 434 power quality analyzer was used for logging the electricity output; a FC2210 fuel mass flow meter was used for measuring the fuel consumption, the rest data were sampled by a SIMENZ SCADA data acquisition system (Fig.2).
Each load was maintained for 30 minutes before data acquisition.
Higher preheated temperature was proved posed positive effect on CO2 emission, with a reduction of average 2.8g/kWh for rapeseed oil and 1.1g/kWh for sunflower oil.
The maximum overall efficiency reached up to 67% at full load, with approximately 60% CO2 emission reduction.
d) Higher heating temperature posed positive effects to to the system both in terms of energy saving and CO2 emission reduction.
Each load was maintained for 30 minutes before data acquisition.
Higher preheated temperature was proved posed positive effect on CO2 emission, with a reduction of average 2.8g/kWh for rapeseed oil and 1.1g/kWh for sunflower oil.
The maximum overall efficiency reached up to 67% at full load, with approximately 60% CO2 emission reduction.
d) Higher heating temperature posed positive effects to to the system both in terms of energy saving and CO2 emission reduction.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Jiraporn Pradabwong, Nantawut Sriariyawat, Chivalai Temiyasathit
To further understand the way companies in Thailand implement Lean manufacturing to improve their quality performance, a research observing and gathering data from expert opinions was conducted.
Production Planning and Control Small lot production(5), Storage space reduction(6), Use of Electronic Data Interchange with suppliers (EDI)(4), Kanban system(6), Pull production(6), Mixed model manufacturing/scheduling(8), Synchronize system(1).
Lean manufacturing tools and techniques that useful for the production planning and control department, can be classified into six main areas: mixed model manufacturing/scheduling, storage space reduction, the Kanban system, pull production, small lot production, and use of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) with suppliers.
To complete the investigation of Lean implementation in Thailand, it is necessary to collect the data regarding the Lean implementation of suppliers as well as investigates the linkage between supplier and producer.
Toyota has ability to control and interchange data which are the important key for implementation of Lean concept.
Production Planning and Control Small lot production(5), Storage space reduction(6), Use of Electronic Data Interchange with suppliers (EDI)(4), Kanban system(6), Pull production(6), Mixed model manufacturing/scheduling(8), Synchronize system(1).
Lean manufacturing tools and techniques that useful for the production planning and control department, can be classified into six main areas: mixed model manufacturing/scheduling, storage space reduction, the Kanban system, pull production, small lot production, and use of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) with suppliers.
To complete the investigation of Lean implementation in Thailand, it is necessary to collect the data regarding the Lean implementation of suppliers as well as investigates the linkage between supplier and producer.
Toyota has ability to control and interchange data which are the important key for implementation of Lean concept.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Chung Chang Lien, Wei Pang Wu
The preliminary analysis of a survey data collected from middle school students in Taiwan.
Kiesler et al. (1984) argue that the reduced social cues leads to a reduction in the influence of social norms and constraints and thus leads to antinormative and deregulated behavior.
In this paper, the statistical package SPSS 17.00 is used to analyze data.
The preliminary analysis of a survey data collected from middle school students in Taiwan.
Black: Multivariate data analysis, (New Jersey, Prentice Hall, New York 2007)
Kiesler et al. (1984) argue that the reduced social cues leads to a reduction in the influence of social norms and constraints and thus leads to antinormative and deregulated behavior.
In this paper, the statistical package SPSS 17.00 is used to analyze data.
The preliminary analysis of a survey data collected from middle school students in Taiwan.
Black: Multivariate data analysis, (New Jersey, Prentice Hall, New York 2007)
Online since: January 2021
Authors: Niranjan Kumar Singh, Archana Kumari, Randhir Kumar, Rajkumar Ohdar
A356 Al-alloys play an important role in achieving vehicle weight reduction and improving fuel economy in the automotive industry.
Forging is performed with the help of 150 tons of hydraulic press with different reduction in the thickness of each sample as per Taguchi design data sheet of (L9 34) OA for each trial condition.
Grey Relational Analysis: Grey data processing is performed before calculating the grey correlation coefficients.
A linear data preprocessing method for the S/N ratio can be expressed as follows: Zij= yij-min(yij,i=1,2,…..n)max(yij,i=1,2,…..n)-min(yij,i=1,2,…..n) Eq. 1 The grey relational coefficient is calculated to express the relationship between the ideal (best) and actual normalized experimental results.
The grey relational coefficient can be expressed as: γ k, yi k= ∆min+ ξ∆max∆oj k+ξ∆max Eq.2 Where; j = 1, 2...n; k = 1, 2...m, n is the number of experimental data items and m is the number of responses. yo(k) is the reference sequence (yo(k) = 1, k = 1, 2...m); yj(k) is the specific comparison sequence.
Forging is performed with the help of 150 tons of hydraulic press with different reduction in the thickness of each sample as per Taguchi design data sheet of (L9 34) OA for each trial condition.
Grey Relational Analysis: Grey data processing is performed before calculating the grey correlation coefficients.
A linear data preprocessing method for the S/N ratio can be expressed as follows: Zij= yij-min(yij,i=1,2,…..n)max(yij,i=1,2,…..n)-min(yij,i=1,2,…..n) Eq. 1 The grey relational coefficient is calculated to express the relationship between the ideal (best) and actual normalized experimental results.
The grey relational coefficient can be expressed as: γ k, yi k= ∆min+ ξ∆max∆oj k+ξ∆max Eq.2 Where; j = 1, 2...n; k = 1, 2...m, n is the number of experimental data items and m is the number of responses. yo(k) is the reference sequence (yo(k) = 1, k = 1, 2...m); yj(k) is the specific comparison sequence.