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XRD pattern of detonation dust of A series explosives Figure 1a and 1b indicated that the diffraction peaks of the detonation dust of B type explosives were nearly same to that of A type explosives except of the mole ratio of FeO and MnO which meaned that the detonation dust of the two typies of explosives had the same crystal structure, that is, spinal structure.
In addition, the appearance that no diffraction peaks of Zn or Zn oxides were found in the patterns displayed in figure.1b illustrated that the Zn elements were successfully doped and occupied some positions in nano Mn ferrite crystals although they could seriously influence the detonation reaction structure of the explosives, as stated in ref. [7].
Some large particles found in the detonation dust of B type explosives, as was shown in figure 2b, implied that the existence of Zn2+ in the explosives could seriously destroyed the detonation reaction structure of the explosives.
Mechanosynthesis and process characterization of nanostructure manganese ferrite [J], Materials of Chemistry and Physics. 2005, 90:172-177
Glass Physics and Chemistry, 2007, 33 (5):524-525

Preparation of novel superabsorbent polymer of xanthan-g-poly (acrylic acid) / montmorillonite Zongcheng Miao1,a, Fang Wang2,b, Deng Deng3,c, Xiaoping Huo1,d, Yongming Zhang1,e, Lei Wang4,f* 1Xijing University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710123, China 2Department of Chemistry, Shaanxi Institute of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China 3Xi'an Modern Chemical Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710065, China 4Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry，Ministry of Education.
More graft polymerization that occurred between the monomers and the XG led to the formation of more stable network structures, which was helpful to the increase of the water absorbency.
However when the temperature was too high, a lot of monomer groups would graft to the main chain and led to a close network structure, which made it difficult for water to come in.
Low concentration of the cross-linker leads to low degree of cross linking, and it is hard for network structure to form, so the water absorbency is low.
From the above FTIR information, it can be concluded that the polymer structure of SAP (XG-g-PAA /OMMT) was formed during the reaction.

ZHANG 1,2, b 1 Department of Chemistry, Anqing Normal College, Anqing 246011, China 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Science ＆ Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China a huaxue@aqtc.edu.cn , b ygz@mail.ustc.edu.cn Keywords: Controlled synthesis, BaF2, Nanorods, Microemulsion Abstract: BaF2 nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal microemulsion method using sodium fluoride (NaF) and barium chloride (BaCl2) as the raw materials.
Introduction Nanoscale one-dimensional structures have attracted considerable attention due to their unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties.
Barium fluoride is one of the dielectric fluorides (CaF2, SrF2, and BaF2), which have a wide range of potential applications in microelectronic and optoelectronic devices, such as wide-gap insulating overlayers, gate dielectrics, insulators and buffer layers in semiconductor-on-insulator structures, and more advanced three dimensional structure devices [5].
The picture indicates that the products are primarily composed of rodlike structures, which is further confirmed by the TEM image (Fig. 2b).
More details about the structure of nanorods were investigated by the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern.

According to Gong [4], fabric thickness, density and structure contribute to the air permeability of space fabric and lighter and finer fabric gives good air permeability properties.
Refer to Table 1 (fabric structure of specimens), it can clearly see that the compactness of Brand 3’s sample is the lowest.
Hari, Woven Textile Structure: Theory and Applications, Woodhead Publishing Limited, UK, 2010
Gong, Specialist Yarn and Fabric Structures: Developments and Applications, Woodhead Publishing Limited, UK. 2011
Pearce, Handbook of Fiber Chemistry, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded, Marcel Dekker Incorporation, New York, 1998.

Three-Dimensional Zinc Oxide Nanorod Networks Huifeng Li1, a, Jian Wang2,b , Yunhua Huang3,c and Yue Zhang4,d,* 1 State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2 State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 3 Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 4 State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China a lhf9898@yahoo.cn, bwangjianfly@yahoo.com.cn, chuangyh@mater.ustb.edu.cn, d yuezhang@ustb.edu.cn (Corresponding Author) Keywords: Zinc Oxide, Nanorod, Networks.
Fig. 1(a) and 1(b) are typical SEM image of ZnO nanorod networks structure.
All of the diffraction peaks can be well indexed to pure wurtzite structure of ZnO with lattice constants of a = 3.249 Å, c =5.206 Å, which are consistent with the values in the standard card (JCPDS No. 36-1451).
It is noteworthy that the rodlike structures are sufficiently stable, which cannot be destroyed even after ultrasonication for a long time.
The diffraction pattern, composed of many separate spots, could be indexed to a single-crystal structure with the growth direction along the ZnO nanorod [0001] (c axis).

Growth and Epitaxy of ZnO Nanowires on Brass Substrates Chao Wang1,a, Rongsheng Cai1,b, Feiyu Diao1,c, Lu Yuan2,d,Guangwen Zhou2,e, Yiqian Wang3,f 1 College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P.
Grain structures in the oxide layers are examined by fractured cross sections of the samples.
Fig. 3(a) shows a typical cross-sectional TEM image of a brass substrate oxidized at 350°C, which reveals clearly that it is a three-layered structure.
Fig. 3(b) shows an HRTEM image obtained from the Cu-Zn region, which reveals that the underlying brass grain is a single crystal with a cubic structure.
Wang, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 17, 711 (2007) [3] X.G.

The Controlling Factors in the content of Cr6+ in Green Strontium Ferrite Nanchun CHEN 1,2, a, Hanmei AO1,2 and Zhiliang ZHAN 1,2 1 Key Laboratory of Nonferrous and New Materials Processing Technology ,Ministry of Education 2Department of Materials and Chemistry Engineering,Guilin Institute of Technology, Guilin 541004 a email:aohanmei2001@163.com Keywords: Ferrite; Cr6+; RoHS; Factor Abstract.
In order to keep the structure and performance of ferrite, the temperature often set as 1150~1300°C[9].
In this experiment, we set calcined temperature as 950~1020°C, in this way, the Cr 6+ can be reduced , also the structure of strontium ferrite has not been destroyed. 2.2.4 The effect of granularity.
The structure of prepared strontium ferrite has no any change, meanwhile, the content of Cr 6+ is up to the mustard of the RoHS:.
DU: Xinjiang Chemistry and Technology vol. 1(2)(2005), p. 24-25

Thus, developing simple and facile ways to synthesize 3D hierarchical micro/nanostructures is very important to nanoscience, advanced nanodevices and synthetic chemistry.
Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku D/Max-Rb) was employed to identify the phase structure and purity of the synthesized sample.
Results and discussion Fig. 1 XRD pattern of the as-prepared sea-urchin like ZnO The phase structure and purity of the as-prepared sample was characterized by XRD, as shown in Fig. 1.
All of the diffraction peaks can be indexed as the hexagonal ZnO phase (wurtzite structure) by comparison with the date from JCPDS Card File No. 36-1451.
TEM measurement was also carried out to further investigate the morphology and structure of the as-prepared ZnO.

Table 1 The main basic courses of the first two years in UCLA and Tongji University UCLA Tongji University Mathematics Advanced Mathematics Chemistry and Biochemistry University Chemistry Physics University Physics Freshman Seminar: New Materials Freshman Seminar Science of Engineering Materials Fundamentals of Materials Science Introduction to Computer Science Fundamentals of University Computer It's worth noting that Chinese students have other courses except for these courses, for example, English, politics, modern and contemporary Chinese history, fundamentals of law, physical education, military and so on.
Table 2 The arrangement of basic professional courses in UCLA and Tongji University sUCLA Tongji University Introduction to Materials Characterization A Modern Methods for Material Analysis Introduction to Materials Characterization B ( Electron Micros-copy) Material X-ray Diffraction and Electron Fiber Science Phase Relations in Solids Metal Phase Diagram and Transition Diffusion and Diffusion-Controlled Reactions Material Structure and Defects Physics of Materials The principle, crafts and devices of Heat Treatment of Metals Mechanical Behavior of Materials Mechanical Properties of Materials Structure and Properties of Metallic Alloys Metal Material Science Materials Physic Properties and Functional Materials The orientational professional courses are arranged in the forth year in the two universities.
Table 3 The arrangement of professional courses in UCLA and Tongji University UCLA Materials Selection and Engineering Design Simulation of Plastic Working Processing and Automatic Control Introduction to Polymers Principles of Materials Extrusion, Punching Forming and Devices Structure and Properties of Composite Materials Friction and Lubrication Introduction to Ceramics and Glasses Mechatronics of Roll Forming Devices Processing of Ceramics and Glasses Technology of Metal Rolling Electronic Ceramics Plant Design of Metal Plastic Processing Introduction to Biomaterials Forming Mechanics Principles of Electronic Materials Processing Seminar: Technical Writing for Materials Engineers It is noticeable that UCLA set up materials selection and engineering design, and technical writing for materials engineers.
Technical writing teaches the types of technical documents, the plans of documents, paragraph and sentence structure, specification and reference, and so on.
For example, in structure and properties of composite materials, instructors make students join expositions and take raw composite material and products into classroom almost each class.

The stained PHA granules and the PHA latex composite films surface structure were imaged with Leica Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope TCSP-5.
Effect of PBS on the surfaces structure was demonstrated by use of CLSM (Table 3).
It was shown that structure of all tested films independently of film composition was affected by PBS solution.
Mechanical properties and structure characteristics of the PHA composite latex films are strictly affected by the PHA granules nature and by their content in the latex composition.
Belyakov, Preparation and properties of nitrogen derivatives of benzanthrone with heterocyclic fragments, Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, 38 (2002) 789-792.