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Zeng, Study on the preparation of theSiCp/Al-20Si-3Cu functionally graded material using spray deposition, Materials Science & Engineering A, 527 (2010) 660–665
Materials and Design 31 (2010) 134 –141
Materials Science and Engineering A 380 (2004) 373–8
Baharvandi, Development of high-performance A356/nano- Al2O3 composites, Materials Science and Engineering A 518 (2009) 61–4
Materials Science & Engineering A 487 (2008) 316-327

Nanoparticles can show betterproperties than conventional materials with powdered physical state, including density and viscosity.
Naz, Ultrasonic Studies on Magnetite (Fe3O4)Nanoparticles, Journal of Nanofluids3(2014), 1-7
Wang, Highly dispersed CuO nanoparticles prepared by a novel quick-precipitation method, Material Letters58(2004),3324-3327
Thermal Sciences, 48(2009),1294-1301
Kingson, Ultrasonic Studies on Zinc Oxide Nanofluids, Journal of Nanofluids1 (2012) , 97

These findings demonstrate electrochemical degradation of organic pollutants mechanism and help to practical use of catalytic anodes materials.
So, having a thorough understanding of the degradation abilities for some organics and degradation pathway of some pollutants is a key to help us to select available anode material.
Materials and methods Electrode preparation Antimony doped Ti base SnO2 electrode was used as anode for phenol degradation.
Vázquez, “Evaluation of the Electrocatalytic Activity of Antimony-Doped Tin Dioxide Anodes toward the Oxidation of Phenol in Aqueous Solutions”, Journal of Electrochemistry Society, 2005, vol. 152, pp.
Qian, “Investigation on preparation and electrocatalytic characteristics of Ti-base SnO2 electrode with nano-coating”, Materials Science and Technology, 2006, vol. 14, pp. 200-204.

China 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, 121001, P.
Skibsted, Microporous Mesoporous Materials 39, 393 (2000)
Kraushaar-Czarnetzki, Microporous Mesoporous Materials 57, 83 (2003)
Melero, Microporous Mesoporous Materials 39, 135 (2000)
Pang, Chemistry-Zeolites and Porous Materials In Chinese, Science Press, Bei Jing, 2004, p. 173.

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coatings on Copper Substrate Hongqin Liu 1,a, Wei Pan 2 and Baocai Xu 1,b 1School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China 2State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China aliuhongqin@th.btbu.edu.cn, bxubaoc@btbu.edu.cn Keywords: Superhydrophobic surface; Copper; Cu(OH)2 films Abstract.
Introduction Recently, inspired by the “lotus effect”, superhydrophobic surfaces with water contact angle higher than 150° have attracted much attention, due to their great importance in fundamental research and widespread potential applications in various technological areas such as self-cleaning materials, microfluidic devices and biological materials, etc[1-5].
Experimental section Materials and sample preparation.
Zheng, Stable, superhydrophobic, and conductive polyaniline/polystyrene films for corrosive environments, Advanced Functional Materials. 16 (2006) 568-574
Lu, Fabrication of stable superhydrophobic supric hydroxide surface with hierarchical structure on copper substrate, Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology. 18 (2009) 339-344.

However, this material presents poor machinability resulting to low material removal rates and short cutting tool life [2].
The reason of this behavior can be traced back to its low thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity with cutting tool materials [3].
Xie, Some metallurgical aspects of chip formation in cutting Ti–6 wt% Al–4 wt% V alloy, Materials Science and Engineering, A 190, pp.173–180, (1995)
Torbaty, Effect of the cutting speed on the chip morphology and the cutting forces, Archives of Computational Materials Science and Surface Engineering, Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp.77-83, (2009)
Sutter, Adiabatic shear banding in high speed machining of Ti-6Al-4V: experiments and modeling, International Journal of Plasticity, 18, pp.443-459, (2002).

Furthermore, biogas can be produced from regionally available raw materials and recycled waste and is environmentally friendly and CO2 neutral [7].
Some studies have concluded that the material chosen for the wall is crucial for the design of micro combustor.
One the main parameters to be predicted in this study is temperature and the results is important in developing an efficient system especially in choosing more suitable materials for micro-combustors.
Senturia, Macro power from micro machinery, Science-New York Then Washington-, pp. 1211-1211, 1997
Part I: Fundamental study, Chemical engineering science, vol. 60, pp. 3497-3506, 2005

Rethwisch“Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction”.
Materials science and engineering: A 273, 1999: 40-57
International materials reviews 45.1,2000: 27-37
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 18.8, 1987: 1495-1501
“The Science and Engineering of Materials”.

Bendsøe: Optimal shape design as a material distribution problem.
Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Vol.33 (1999), p. 734-736 (In Chinese) [8] J.B.
Chen: Analysis, Synthesis and Optimization of Engineering Structural System (Chinese Science and Culture Press, China 2008) (In Chinese) [11] X.J.
Chen: A new solution for topology optimization problems with multiple load cases——the Guide-Weight method. submitted to Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences (2010) [13] K.T.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol.40, (2004), p. 31-37 (In Chinese) [14] S.X.

Materials and Methods Materials: The silk cocoons used in this research work were supplied by National Sericulture Center (NSC) in Thika, Kenya.
Boiling is done to remove the gum-like material (sericine) which binds the silk filaments together.
Indira, Silkworm Rearing by Rural Women in Karnataka: A Path to Empowerment, Indian Journal of Gender Studies, 18(1) (2011) 289-102
Nyandiga, Commercial insects and Forest Conservation, ICIPE Science Press, Nairobi, 2009
West, Multiple Regression as a general data analysis technique; Research in Science Education, 4(1) (1974) 182-192