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Similarly, the elastic wave propagates in the periodic composite materials so-called phononic crystal can also have bandgap.
Figure 1 shows the sketch of one dimensional phononic crystal that two materials alternate periodic in x direction and exhibit infinitely in both y and z directions.
The physical parameters of the two materials are list in table 1.
Two materials arranged as Al/epoxy is studied.
Wang, Science China Vol. 37 (2007), p. 544 [11] Y.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Tu-zhang-fang on Building Materials Advantages.
Building materials are obtained from local sources, and the building is in concordance with the environment, and having ecosystem rationality.
At last, Tu-zhang-fang needs few building materials, which mainly can be obtained from local sources.
Experimental use of soil materials should come from more than two Tu-zhang-fang in different areas of Yi minority’s settlements.
Journal of Yunnan Polytechnic University.13 (1997)48-51 [2] Yan hong-xing.

The presented method provides a convenient and low-cost route for the synthesis of oxide materials nanostructures.
Zhang, et al, Hydrothermal synthesis of Eu3+-doped Y2Sn2O7 nanocrystals, Materials Research Bulletin, 41 (2006) 191-197
Aslam, et al, Synthesis of tin bismuth pyrochlore, Materials Letters, 40 (1999) 11-13
Yang, et al, Preparation and characterization of LaNiO3 nanocrystals, Materials Research, 41 (2006) 1565-1570
Yu, Salt-assisted combustion synthesis of highly dispersed pervoskite NdCoO3 nanoparticles, Materials Letters, 61 (2007) 397-400.

Conversely, the top-down way means cutting or cutting bulk materials to obtain nano-scaled materials [32]. 
Šestan, Application of polymer nanocomposite materials in food packaging, Croatian Journal of Food Science and Technology, 7(2015),86-94
Yang, Laser ablation in liquids: Applications in the synthesis of nanocrystals, Progress in Materials Science, Vol. 52, Issue 4 (2007), 648–698
Muhammed, Synthesis of nanophase oxalate precursors of YBaCuO superconductor by coprecipitation in microemulsions, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 5 (1995), 309–314
Muhammed, Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles with controlled morphology, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 9 (1999), 2871–2878

Usually material smaller than 100nm was called nano material[1], sometimes particle between 1-100 nm was called overtake fine particle[2, 3], and particle between 1-10 nm was called nano material[4]. compartmentalize from configuration sequence character, atomic array on nano material microcrystal interface differs from either long order sequence character or short order sequence character, but it may form the third solid state[5].
Configuration of nano material endows it with many special performance, such as quantum effect [6].
To some degree, application of nano material is largely decided by preparation technique, usually, the appearance of a low cost preparation technique means development in nano material application area, this article uses liquid phase method to study the technical prepared nano material by diisopropylamine as displace solvent.
Reference [1] The National Natural Science Fund Committee for the Department of engineering and Materials SciencesScience and technology frontier>Mechanical Engineering publish co.
[6] ZHANG Rui-Fu, Journal of China Institute of mining and metallurgy,5（1985）p121.

The Ni-based reticular MnOx catalytic materials with high porosity and high specific area were prepared by the electrodeposition method.
Pd plate and bulk manganese were choose as anode materials.
Results and discussion The XRD patterns of MnOx catalytic materials Fig.1.
Materials chemistry and Physics. 113 (2009) 650 [6] C.
Journal of Electroanal.

Computational Materials Science 24.3 (2002), pp. 361-379
Computational Materials Science 50.2 (2010), pp. 419-428 [14] H.
Computational Materials Science 79 (2013), pp. 368-376
Computational Materials Science 29.1 (2004), pp. 1-11
Computational Materials Science 47.2 (2009), pp. 314-319.

Synthesis of 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid From Natural Raw Materials E.V.
The main source of renewable carbon-contain raw materials is biomass.
Energy Environmental Science. 5 (2012) 6407-6422
Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry. 52 (2016) 783-787
Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry. 52 (6) (2016) 767-771.

Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 78, 1698
Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 86, 3097
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 81, 69-77
Wool. (2005): Development of a Bio-Based Composite Material from Soybean Oil and Keratin Fibres, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol.95, Pp1524-1538
Journal of Materials Science 26(9) 2348-2352.

Detection of nucleic acids has wide ranging applications in biomedical, food, forensic and environmental sciences as well as in anti-bioterrorism.
The development of highly sensitive, cost-effective and miniaturized biosensors and biochips requires advanced technology coupled with fundamental knowledge in chemistry, biology, and material sciences.
Thus designing biosensors with higher efficacy depends on the development of novel materials to improve both the recognition and transduction processes.
SERS offers a great promise to develop biosensor in the fields of biochemistry, forensics science, food science, Environment science and medical diagnostics.
Latif5, Nanobiosensor for Detection and Quantification of DNA Sequences in Degraded Mixed Meats, Journal of Nanomaterials, (2011), 11 pages