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This result suggest the formation of crystalline samarium oxide, in fact the d values and relative intensity of the peaks are in agreement with those of JCPDS standard card (15-0813) of Sm2O3.
It was seen from FT-IR spectra (Figure 4.b) that all peaks of PVA disappeared, and at low wave number range, a new absorption peaks at around 625 cm-1, 730 cm-1 920 cm-1 appeared.

Both calcined powders showed a face-centered cubic structure, which was confirmed by JCPDS card no. 00-046-0507 with the Fm3m space group.
Fig. 4 Average Impedance of Ce0.75Gd0.05Nd0.2-xCaxO2 The rate of successful hopping increased with an increase in temperature, as shown in the figure, represents less hindrance to charges at higher temperatures because the impedance decreases as the number of vacancies increases.

All the diffraction peaks can be exclusively indexed to wurtzite structure of ZnO with lattice constants of a=3.24 Å and c=5.19 Å, which is in good agreement with the literature values (JCPDS card number 36-1451).

Except for the sample of x = 0.3 with a amount of impurity Co3O4 marked by squareness and MgO marked by asterisks, all XRD patterns are in accordance with the standard JCPDS card (NO. 23-0110) of Ca3Co4O9.
According to the Wiedenmann-Franz’s law, κc = LσT, where L is the Lorenz number.

Retrieval results of Jade 5.0 display that the XRD diffraction feature of MLDH-FLU was tally well with the 13-0088 card of JCPDS which signify the diffraction model of Fe3.6Fe0.9(O,OH,Cl), demonstrating that MLDH-FLU composite belongs to R-hexagonal system, concretely, a family ramification of the layered double hydroxides.
The plane diameter Da of MLDH-FLU particles increased twice compared with precursor, together with an increase in the number of cell unit contained in particles.

Compared with JCPDS Cards, the main phases of precursor are Y4O(OH)9(NO3) and AlO(OH).
Because of the high oxygen coordination numbers of Al3+ (CN = 6 or 4) and Y 3+ (CN = 8), OH − may provide strong complexation under high temperature and high-pressure state.

A number of different metals and metal oxide nanoparticles have so far been encapsulated into the shell of conducting polymers, giving rise to a host of composites [12–18].
The typical XRD pattern of ZrO2 nanoparticles presents the baddeleyite structure with no extra reflections (Fig.3(a)), and it perfectly indexed to (110), (ī11), (111), (200), (ī12), (022) and (122) crystal plane of monoclinic ZrO2(JCPDS Card No. 37-1484).

Numbers of ZnO deposition techniques like radio frequency deposition [5], chemical vapor deposition [6], spray pyrolysis [7] and sol-gel [8] has been implemented by the researchers.
All the diffraction peaks are associated with the JCPDS card no. 036-1451 of the hexagonal ZnO structure.

Results and Discussion Crystalline and single phase based on the K2NdNb5O15 host structure exhibited only a set of diffraction lines ascribed to the TTB-type structure, which was identified from the JCPDS card number 39-0237, with tetragonal symmetry and space group P4bm.

The X-ray diffraction revealed that the nanoparticles obtained are characterized by a cubic spinel crystal structure (JCPDS Card Number 19-0629 [[] Y.