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The soil and structural material parameter are shown in Table 2.
In the first instance, remove the soil elements in the rear of shield, and install concrete materials to replace the lining.
Install shield materials to replace the element materials where EPB shield machine are, until the excavation position has been fixed in advance
The EPB shield machine press onward one ring at a time and the element materials should make corresponding adjustment.
China Railway Science, Vol31(2010) ,P.53, In Chinese [4] Pan Zeng: Finite Element Analysis and application.

Emphasis on comfort, not in possession of resources and energy consumption as a precondition, but in comfort setting conditions for human residence, without the use of harmful building materials and decoration materials.
Too much pursuit of high-tech, high investment, to appropriate technologies, suitable for cost, which can reflect the characteristics and geographical localization materials construction is the important development pathway.
Building from the local ordinary materials and life, deep processing of resources lead to local industry consolidation, can also solve local employment and skills of cultural inheritance.
References [1] Green Building Teaching Materials Writing Group (2008).
Vol. 02(2013), p.48-57（In Chinese） [5] Lin Hao, Journal of World Architecture.

Damages caused to the FRP borehole surfaces due to hot and sharp metallic chips is a large concern in drilling of compound materials.
In the present study the vibration drilling process of light weight materials has been investigated.
Especially in aircraft industry the use of multi-layer materials is significantly increased during the last few years [2].
To join parts of dissimilar materials usually rivets or bolts are applied as fasteners.
Composites Part A, Applied Science and Manufacturing, 47 (2013) 41-51.

Introduction Essential progress in science and engineering development has been recently associated with fabrication and use of ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials [1-4].
Lu, Inoue, Ductility of nanostructured materials, Materials Research Society Bull. 24 (1999) 54-58
Hemker et.al., Structure and mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline materials, Materials Research Society Bull. 24 (1999) 5-8
Lowe, Paradox of strength and ductility in metals processed by severe plastic deformation, Journal of Materials Research. 17 (2002) 44-50
Toward Bulk Production of Nanostructured Materials, Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Therefore, the direct modeling method based on process flow were presented, which supposed all the materials are stored in corresponding aggregate virtual tanks.
To reduce variables and simplify model representation, only two elements such as units and materials are used to describe the refinery process.
Before presenting the proposed model, the nomenclature is as follows: Indices i: processing units, tanks, splitters or mixers j: raw materials, intermediates or final products t: time periods Sets T: set of time periods EM: set of processing units J: set of materials RJ: set of raw materials DJ: set of final products MX：set of mixers SP: set of splitters ST：set of storage tanks UN：set of all units, UN=EM∪HF∪ST IN(i)：set of materials consumed by unit i OUT(i)：set of materials produced by unit i XH(j)：set of units consuming material j SC(j)：set of units producing material j FCN(j,i)：set of units that connect with the inside of unit i by the pipeline carrying material j BCN(j,i)：set of units that connect with the outside of unit i by the pipeline carrying material j Parameters CiU: maximum process capacity of unit i CiL: minimum process capacity of unit i IijU: maximum storage tank i of material j IijL: minimum storage tank i of material j Pi'ijtU: maximum
AIChE Journal, Vol. 57(2011), p. 1570-1584
AIChE Journal, Vol. 59 (2013), p. 1160-1174.

One of the reasons why levulinic acid has not been produced in commercial quantities is the cost of raw materials used for its synthesis.
Many kinetic studies have been conducted on the hydrolysis of various biomass materials to sugars but there are limited reports on the kinetics of levulinic acid production from glucose cellulose and other biomass sources.
Saeman was one of the first to use a systematic approach to model the hydrolysis of various wood materials to glucose and subsequent glucose decomposition in two consecutive first-order reactions.
Raw Materials Glucose and ethyl levulinate used for calibration with the purity of over 99% were obtained from Aladdin Reagent (Shanghai, China).
Advanced Materials Research, Vol 236-238 (2011) pp. 138-141 [5] Saravanamurugan, S., Riisager, A.

Materials and Methods The experimental material was 165 mm × 165 mm continuous casting billet of HRB500E vanadium-containing high-strength steel rebar.
[3] Cao Jin zoei, Feng Liang-hua, Liu Kun, et al: Journal of University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Vol. 32(2):p.134
[4] Jianfeng Cao, Ke Feng, Zhiwei Han: Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 652-654(2013): p. 2441
[5] Yiwen Kong, Ke Feng, Zhiwei Han, et al: Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 120(2012): p. 510
[6] Jianli Zhang, Yanming Li: Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 268-270(2011): p. 1152.

One of the most important criteria that chassis manufacturers consider during the design process is structural integrity: preventing failure while optimizing the use of materials.
Property of material ASTM A710 Steel, grade A, class 2, 6.4 - 25 mm inclusive for chassis as Table 3 [1].
The maximum stress on the chassis in both cases is smaller than the material's destruction limit of 380 MPa.
References [1] A.Hari Kumar, V.Deepanjali, (January 2016), Design & analysis of automobile chassis, International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology (IJESIT), Volume 5, Issue 1, January 2016
Patel, (May 2012), Structural Analysis of Automotive Chassis Frame and Design Modification for Weight Reduction, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)

Thermal spray technology, which combines strong roughness and easy processability of metallic substrates with high temperature resistance and abrasion resistance of ceramic materials, fully takes advantages of both types of materials, and is finding increasingly extensive applications [3~6].
However, abrasion is additionally concerned with breakage and migration of materials [3, 10].
We speculated that during the test, ceramic material as brittle material had poor ability to generate plastic deformation.
Journal of Ceramics, 2004, 25(3): 179-185
Journal of Tsinghua University (Science and Technology) , 2010, 32(5): 23-24

Moon 1, e 1 Department of Mechanical and Precision Engineering, Pusan National University Busan, 609-735, Korea 2 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines Golden, CO 80401, USA a bulkkot@pusan.ac.kr, b gengho77@nate.com, c winter@pusan.ac.kr, d cvantyne@mines.edu, e yhmoon@pusan.ac.kr Keywords: Hydroforming, Surface defects, Orange peel, Die lines, Formability, AA6061.
Sheikh: Material Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 19, No. 3(2004), p. 391 [2] B.J.
Imatani: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol 48(1995), p. 27 [5] S.
Montheillet: Materials Science & Engineering, Vol. 283(2000), p. 274 [6] I.
Nielsen: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol 146(2004), p. 377