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Online since: July 2023
Authors: Darminto Darminto, Malik Anjleh Baqiya, Rindang Fajarin, Putu Eka Dharma Putra, Resky Irfanita
Results and Discussion All the presented data in this work is obtained by the structural characterization using XRD technique.
The a- and b-axis length seems to be unchanged while the c-axis length decreases due to Ce doping concentration (x) and reduction annealing effect.
Both the Ce-doping and the annealing reduction effect gives a change in the electron density distribution at the O(1) site.
The annealing reduction also gives a change of electron density distribution at around the apical oxygen O(3) as shown in Fig. 3(b).
Palatinus, S. van Smaalen, The generalized F constraint in the maximum-entropy method - a study on simulated data, Acta Crystallographica Section A, 58 (2002) 559-567
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Manish Gupta, Rakesh Narain
Precursors of EP can be seen as early as the 1980s, with the evolution of Material Requirements Planning (MRP) systems into Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II), Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and finally to E-Business [2].
These advantages include: cost reduction, lead time reduction, streamlined procurement processes by reduced procurement cycle time, real time information on procurement, better monitoring and control, automatic work flows, elimination of non-value adding steps, single stop shop, remote bidding, increased transparency etc.Although the implementation of EP initiatives is not all that new, there is current interest in understanding issues involved in its implementation, especially in a web-enabled environment [7].
It is clear from the data that the awareness among the trading partners, customers and competitors regarding the use of IT in procurement has increased and this will motivate the organizations to move further ahead for EP.
The various factors to access the impact of EP on performance measures as reported by the respondent organizations are as follows; reduction in purchasing cycle time, decrease in number of staff in purchasing department, reduction in invoice & inventory costs, reduction in overall search, communications, information processing, negotiation and monitoring costs, reduction in the number of suppliers, reduction in the purchase price of goods and services, reduction in errors and mismatches, reduction in administrative tasks, improvement in the quality of products/services, improvement in delivery reliability, improvement in information sharing with internal customers and suppliers, increase in flexibility to user/buyer's changing needs, increase in availability of public information on bids/offers.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Krzysztof Labisz, Tomasz Tański, Wojciech Borek, Leszek Adam Dobrzański, Małgorzata Czaja
Of huge importance is also the density of the material due to the reduction in fuel consumption and thereby the reduction of CO2 emissions [1, 2].
Reduction ratios of plastic deformation and intervals time between successive stages of plastic deformations were taking into account the applicable conditions of industrial hot rolling production.
Parameters of the hot rolling process were developed assuming that the size reduction rates is determined by the allowable pressure force range affecting on the roller.
Identification of phases was completed based on data available in the database of Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD). 3.
Solution heat treatment after last deformation of the hot-rolling with reduction rate equal 4x0.23 causes dynamically recovery austenite grains containing annealing twins that are elongated in the rolling direction.
Online since: October 2004
Authors: Arthur Galiyev, Rustam Kaibyshev
To date, however, very limited data are available for developing ultrafine-grained Mg alloy sheets; hence their microstructure under various working conditions and their superplastic properties are not well understood.
The total reduction was ∼70%.
Tensile data are summarized in Table 1.
Decreasing the rolling temperature to 275°C results in a reduction in superplastic properties.
The latter is probably the reason for grain growth and a significant reduction in elongation in the specimens rolled at 275°C.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Ya Fan Li, Shu Zhen Feng, Juan Wang
<‘Twelfth Five Year’ development plan of transportation> and <‘Twelfth Five Year’ energy saving and emission reduction plan of highway and waterway> have also made clear direction and goal of energy saving and emission reduction work in transport sector.
The highway passenger station is the important aspect of energy saving and emission reduction in the industry.
The quantitative indicators shall be set with reason, and easy to gather due to the existing data.
(2) The annual capital investment of energy conservation and emissions reduction.
The materials are significantly offered by the declaring enterprise and so are the statistical data.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Zhi Yong Wang, Han Qing Wang, Chang Rong Liu
The LCCP of water source heat pump is always lower than that of conventional electric water chillers plus gas direct-fired unit, and its carbon emission reduction rates up to 32.4% as compared to the latter.
Compared with GWP, CO2 mitigation rate could be more comprehensive for measuring the direct effects to climate warming and associated with the CO2 emissions reduction index directly.
The annual running primary energy consumption data of three candidate cold and heat source plans was shown in Table 2.
According to the data of literature [23] and [24], CO2 emissions generated from the unit electrical energy of coal power could be calculated about 0.822 kg / kWh.
LCCP composition of different cold and heat source plans (3) As compared to project 4, greenhouse gas emission reduction rate of project 2 is up to 32.4% in the full life cycle.
Online since: April 2021
Authors: Thomas Wallmersperger, Alexander Brosius, Sven Harzheim, Christian Steinfelder
The assumption is, that corrosion leads to a reduction of the contact area and this leads to a local increase of the contact pressure between the joined sheet metals.
This data is then read in via a Python script and the normal vectors of the edge elements along the path of analysis are calculated.
For further investigations, the question is raised whether this leads to an increase or reduction of the load-bearing capacity of the joint.
We would like thank subproject A01 for providing the material data and tool geometries for the simulation model.
Nilsson, Spot weld reduction methods for automotive structures.
Online since: April 2013
Authors: Hong Men, Cai Wa Zhang, Yan Ping Zhang, Hong Hui Gao
Electronic Tongue Data Acquisition.
Fig. 3 Cyclic voltammetric curve (1-6 are Mixed oil that the proportion is 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) Feature Extraction Due to the data of cyclic voltammetric curve is very huge, in order to reduce data redundancy and reduce data processing burden need to original data feature extraction [10], in view of the laboratory get volt-ampere curve characteristics, system extraction characteristic value try to select each voltammetric curve of the peak current, minimum current and second minimum current, these point can reaction every material itself characteristic and greatly reduce the amount of data to be processed.
Soybean Oil Data Processing and Results Kernel Principal Component Analysis.
Principal component analysis (PCA) [12] is based on multidimensional data dimension reduction processing, use research m space Y instead of p space X (m < p), and low dimensional Y space instead of high dimension space of X the loss of information is very small principal component analysis through this combination can be to transform the original data for a group of new data new data the biggest characteristics is a former several component contains the whole sample space most of the information, therefore, can use a few principal component contribution score to describe the whole sample space.
A dependent variable data, the independent variable data partial least square respectively in X and Y extraction and composition and must satisfy as many carry each data table variation information, and the related degree to maximize implementation of X and Y to return without the satisfaction of regression, then proceed to the next round of component extraction, until to achieve more satisfactory accuracy stop.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Ivica Ristović, Jovan Dašić, Predrag Dašić
Data and Methods The data used for this analysis is obtained from Web of Science (WoS) or Journal Citation Report (JCR).
Mining & Mineral Processing" Fig. 2 Graphical representation of the total number of scientific journals indexed by SSCI for category: "Transportation" Fig. 3 Graphical representation of the total number of scientific journals indexed by SCI and SCI-E for category: "Transportation Science & Technology" From Table 1 and Fig. 1 (for category: "Mining & Mineral Processing") it can be noted: · that for a period of 15 years the number of journals has increased only by 1 (from 19 in 1998 to 20 in 2012), · the number of journals in the period from 1998-2012 had certain fluctuations: it increased until 2002, to 21 journal, then decreased until 2008th year to the minimum of 16 journals, had the largest increase in 2009 from 16 to 24 (annual growth of 8 journals or 50%) and finally reduced to the total of 20 journals in 2012, · and the highest annual growth of the journals in this category was in 2009 from 16 to 24 journals (annual growth of 8 journals or 50%) and the largest annual reduction
was in 2004 from 20 to 17 journals (annual reduction of 3 magazines or 15%) and 2012 from 23 to 20 journals (annual reduction of 3 journals or by 13.04%).
From Table 1 and Fig. 2 (for category: "Transportation") it can be noted: · that for a period of 15 years the number of journals has increased only by 3 (from 23 in 1998 to 26 in 2012), · the number of journals in the period from 1998-2012 had a big fall in 2000 and dropped from 24 to 11 journals, because this that number of journals from this category transferred to newly formed category "Transportation Science & Technology" (annual reduction of 13 journals or 54.17%), followed by a nearly constant value until 2006, and then until 2012 it increased by 10 to 20% per annum, · and the highest annual growth of the journals in this category was in 2010 from 18 to 23 journals (annual growth of 5 journals or 27.78%) and the largest annual reduction was in 2000 from 24 to 11 journals (annual reduction of 13 journals or 54.17%).
From Table 1 and Fig. 3 (for category: "Transportation Science & Technology") it can be noted: · that the category was formed in 2000, when a large number of journals in the category "Transportation" moved into this category, · that for a period of 13 years the number of journals has increased by 13 (from 17 in 2000 to 30 in 2012), · the number of journals in the period from 2000-2012 was approximately of a steady growth of around 10% per annum, · and the highest annual growth of the journals in this category was in 2009 from 23 to 26 journals (annual growth of 3 journals or 13.04%) and the only annual reduction was in 2005 from 21 to 20 journals (annual reduction of 1 journal or 4.76%).
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Darya Nemova, Nikolay Vatin, Darya Sergeevna Tarasova, Alexander S. Gorshkov
Introduction Measures aimed at reduction of heat losses and increasing the level of thermal protection of enclosure structures should be considered from the standpoint of their economic justification.
These data are obtained on the basis of poll of the companies which are engaged in external insulation of facades of buildings.
It is possible to reduce capital costs ∆К by reduction of materials cost (insulation plaster structure, the expansion bolt shield for insulation fastening to a basis), or by reduction of construction works cost.
It is defined that for reduction of payback period T of energy saving measures (insulation of enclosure structure) it is necessary to reduce capital costs ∆К or to increase operational ∆O. 3.
It is defined that it is possible to reduce capital costs ∆К by reduction of materials cost or by reduction of construction works cost. 4.
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