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Online since: October 2019
Authors: Pasit Pakawatpanurut, Kitima Sirivibulkovit, Thitaree Pimklang, Akhmad Sabarudin, Duangjai Nacapricha, Phoonthawee Saetear
The electrochemical reduction process of GO was carried out by applying a constant voltage of -1.20 V (vs.
This was followed by electrochemical reduction.
The electrochemical reduction of GO was carried out by applying a constant potential at -1.2 V (vs.
Ag/AgCl), respectively (see data in Table 1).
Lin, Facile and controllable electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide and its applications, J.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Xiang Yi Ding, Huai Dong Zhou, Yu Hui Wang, Yu Chun Wang
Data.
The land use data used in this study are from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
uri=cn.csdb.soil, and the resolution of the data is 2km×2km.
The observed runoff data at hydrological stations are from 2006 to 2007, while the data at rainfall stations and meteorological stations are from 1961 to 2009.
Limited to the data available, the hydrological model is just validated using the observed runoff data of 2 years, although the validation results is good, more observed data including long series of runoff, evapotranspiration and groundwater table should be collected for more reasonable and comprehensive validation.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Anish Roy, Riaz Muhammad, Vadim V. Silberschmidt, Agostino Maurotto
Experimental setup and results The experimental setup consists of a modified Harrison 300 lathe, a custom-built ultrasonic coupled transducer mounted on a wave-guide, a force measurement system, a band resistance heater, a temperature measurement system, data acquisition system, charge amplifier and A/D converter.
Similarly, HUAT caused a reduction of 36% (from 25 N to 16 N) in cutting force when compared to UAT.
In general, HUAT offers substantial benefits when compared to CT, in particular, reduction in the chatter noise during operations, better surface finish and significant force reduction with good reproducibility of results.
Reductions of 66% (94 N to 32 N) in tangential forces were observed in UAT when compared to CT.
Authors would also like to acknowledge Tampere University of Technology, Finland for providing material data of Ti-alloy.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Muna D. Zaqsaw, Osama E. Mohsen, Qassem I. Mohaidat, Sami H. Mahmood, Ahmad Awadallah, Ibrahim Bsoul, Mufeed Awawdeh
Introduction Magnetic materials are widely used as essential components for a large variety of industrial and technological applications including, and not limited to, automotive industry, consumer electronic, data storage and processing, and next generation microwave (MW) devices [1-8].
Since M-type has a significantly higher saturation magnetization than Co2Y (more than double), the presence of 10% of this phase in the sample (from XRD data) should lead to a significant increase in saturation magnetization with respect to Co2Y, contrary to the observed value which is almost identical to that for Co2Y.
This substitution for Fe ions may occur partially at the 3bVI site, which is responsible for the reduction in the strength of the superexchange interactions as argued in the context of discussing the magnetic data of this sample.
Since the hyperfine parameters of different magnetic phases with different structural symmetries are generally different, full analysis of the spectra of these samples was carried out in order to support the results of the structural and magnetic data.
This reduction in saturation magnetization was accompanied by a noticeable reduction in the hyperfine fields of the Mg-substituted Y-type hexaferrite.
Online since: March 2017
Authors: Stefan Szczepanik, Piotr Nikiel, Piotr Bednarczyk
Some specimens were then cold drawn with a linear velocity of 1 m/min to 16 % area reduction, and one specimen in 3 passes to 51 % reduction in area.
Drawing was done on a carriage drawing machine at linear speed of 1 m/min with a 16 mm diameter drawing die to 16.4 % reduction in area.
Young’s modulus, yield stress and hardness data are summarised in Table 1.
Table 2 lists also some of our previous data in an attempt to identify the various contributions to overall strengthening of Al and Al-l8.8Cu-6.3%Si-0.7Mg alloy [10].
Online since: September 2015
Authors: Saniye Karaman Öztaş
Considering the urgency of saving the world’s energy reserve and reduction of environmental impacts, studies on the energy consumption throughout the life cycle of building materials are crucial.
It would be very useful and provide significant data if each manufacturer recorded the energy used associated with their building materials.
For ceramic products the replacement of old intermittent kilns with tunnel kilns with an increased energy efficiency of 20%, the use of high speed burners and the recovery of the heat from the kiln smoke to preheat/dry the product to be fired, thus achieving a reduction in the consumption of the kiln of 5% and 8% respectively, and the installation of cogeneration systems with a reduction of 10% in the primary power. [12].
The energy saved is equal to one third of the energy needed in production and the reduction of CO2 emission is equal to the O2 production of 2.7 million trees [15].
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Virginie Mong-The Yen, Isabelle Périchaud, Damien Barakel, Marcel Pasquinelli, Olivier Palais, Béchir Dridi Rezgui
We conclude that the dissociation of iron-boron pairs must be taken into account to explain the light-induced lifetime reduction.
Introduction Light induced degradation (LID) in silicon solar cells has been recognized as a significant cause of minority carrier lifetime reduction during cell operation due to a metastable defect formation under illumination.
A best fit to the experimental data suggested that the generation rate of the (BsO2i)+ defects is controlled by the capture of a majority-carrier hole by the dimer following the capture of a minority-carrier electron and by the Coulomb attraction of the O2i++ to the Bs- atom.
However, other defects based on metallic impurities were proposed to explain the structural identity of the trap responsible for the lifetime reduction [5].
Therefore, we can legitimately assume that the reduction in τeff under illumination is due to the BOi2 formation.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Wei Hong Li, Chen Guang Wei, Cong Li, Yan Qiu
The results show that the formula which introduced reduction coefficient used in standard is favors of the security.
Building integrated photovoltaic power generation systems belong to new energy development, its advantage is little environmental pollution, energy saving, energy saving and emission reduction with the scientific development view.
Comparing the two kinds of calculation methods, it is known that the data using standard method to calculate the deflection and stress were big than that using the finite element method, the minimum difference between the two kinds of data was 5%, the maximum was 21%, and the difference increased with the adding ratio of deflection of glass and thickness [5]. 0 20 40 60 80 100 1 2 3 4 5 6 load(KPa) strain(MPa) Standard method Finite element method Figure 8 Two methods of calculating the stress and deflection contrast Conclusion The results showed that if the glass deflection is less 1 proportion of glass thickness there is a linear relation between stress and deflection.
The results show that the formula which introduced reduction coefficient used in standard is favors of the security.
Online since: April 2005
Authors: Toru Umeda, Shuichi Tsuzuki, Ryouji Kokuun, Kazuko Yoneda
Further reduction of trace level ion from ultra pure water and its effect on electrical property of device.
The metallic impurity data using the ion exchange filter in our study is shown in table 1.
From the data, we confirm that the newly developed filter acts on perfectly removing amines and metallic impurities, even though the UPW contains the ppq level impurities. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Na Al Zn Count of atom(1E10 atoms/cm2) Without ion exchange filter 10 min With ion exchange filter 10 min Without ion exchange filter 30 min With ion exchange filter 30 min 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Fe Cu Count of atom(1E10 atom/cm2)Without ion exchange filter 10 min With ion exchange filter 10 min Without ion exchange filter 30 min With ion exchange filter 30 min Figure 5: Amount of metals (Fe,Cu) on wafer which was immersed in ultra pure water with or without being passed through ion exchange filter.
The data clearly shows that high field Qbd value much improves, when employing the filter.
The data reveal that it has the excellent removal efficiency for removing both impurities.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: C. Pinna, Yong Jun Lan
A linear interpolation method is adopted to map the data between the CPFE model of deformation and the single PF model of recrystallisation.
A linear interpolation method reported in [24] has been chosen to map the data, such as the number of activated slip systems, grain orientations and stored energy from the CPFE model to the PF model.
During the plane strain compression at room temperature, the top and bottom surfaces parallel to the RD-TD plane are deformed to different reductions.
The simulated deformation texture for the BCC metal compressed to a reduction of 50% is shown in Fig. 1(a) where the ideal position of the main texture components is indicated using different symbols.
(a) (b) Fig. 2 Stereographic {100} pole figures of the recrystallisation texture after different reductions: (a) 50% and (b) 80%.
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