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The results showed that Cd caused a reduction in seedling growth and distribution of biomass, mineral contents, compared to the control.
Dry weight of seedling increased with duration of germination and there were significant difference on seedling dry weight between control and Cd treatment after 4 d of germination (Fig. 1).The results are consistent with earlier studies of various crops which have shown that higher levels of heavy metals cause a significant reduction in growth parameters and other essential metabolites [10].
Data are shown as mean ± SD of 6 replications.
Under Cd stress, starch content remained high, with a slight reduction.
At 100 μmol L-1 Cd toxicity, 15.79–55.00 % reduction was noticed in activities of acid invertases during the time-course of germination (Fig. 4).

Gold nanoparticles were prepared by NaBH4 reduction method, and homogeneous SiO2 were coated on gold nanoparticles and assembled into densely-packed 3-dimensional arrays by the layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL) technique.
Introduction Metal nanocrystallites embedded in transparent matrix exhibit novel linear and nonlinear optical properties due to local field enhancement near the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the metal, are essential for light-controlled phase and refractive index modulation for future applications in various fields such as optical telecommunications, data storage, optical computing and information processing [1].
Gold colloids were prepared by NaBH4 reduction method [7]. 1mL 1%wt HAuCl4 aqueous solution, 2 mL 38.8 mM sodium citrate aqueous solution and 1 mL 0.75% NaBH4 aqueous solution were added into 90 mL water at room temperature.
A change in absorption coefficient with the pump-pulse intensity I is expressed by Iβα=∆ (1) 0 10000 20000 30000 � (cm-1 ) 8layer 6layer 3layer Au�SiO2 acid reduction p=0.047 2.26eV 2.30eV 2.35eV 2.0 2.5 3.0 -2000 0 2000 8layer 6layer 3layer �� (cm-1) Photon Energy (eV) Delay Time:0.1ps pump:3.12 eV power:10.6 GW/cm 2 0 5 10 15 -3000 -2000 -1000 0 2.26eV 8layer � � (cm -1 ) pump power I (GW/cm 2 ) � obs =(-2.5 r 0.9) ˜ 10 2 (cm/GW) Au � SiO 2 acid reduction pump:3.12eV Im � (3) =(-8.7 r 3.3) ˜ 10 -11 (esu) Im � (3) / � =(-3.2 r 1.2) ˜ 10 -15 (esu � cm) p=0.047 Fig. 3.

After the normalization for the elastic anisotropy (altered W-H analysis), the data showed a very good linear behaviour.
The decreasing of the Full Width of the Half Maximum (FWHM) of the peaks can be related to reduction of the average microstrain and/or to the increasing average dimension of the crystallites.
The percentage of reduction of microstrains after the thermal treatment was calculated according to the equation: Fig.2.
Linear interpolation of data with the W-H equation (a) and with the modified W-H equation (b).

Good interfacial adhesion means efficient load transfer from matrix to fibers, reduction of internal stress concentration in composites, and enhancement of overall mechanics properties.
It is necessary to compare the strength reduction caused by each modification method, and analyze its tensile strength, since the tensile strength of the fiber is sensitive to conditions of surface treatment, leading to considerable strength reduction probably, particularly in the cases of acid treatments.
Weibull distribution model was used to describe the distribution of tensile strength data, which provided insight into the distribution of flaws within the fiber.
However, the Weibull distribution model cannot be applied in the analysis unless the strength data have been checked by the Hypothetical test, so the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test[9] has been applied to validate the results.
This goodness-of-fit test was applied to fatigue-life data of PBO fiber at all the stress levels and it was found that the model was acceptable at 5% level of significance.

Table1 The data of the model Name Mass/Kg Bucket 7798 Lift arm component 1.28´103 Connecting rod 28 Rocker arm 135 Tilt cylinder 80 Machine frame 1.1´104 Modeling and Simulation.
Although this way can record the graphic file of the model, it loses most of data file. 3) The model is built in Pro/E and the constraints and the load are added to it in Mech/pro2005, a interface software, which is developed cooperatively by PTC corporation and MDI corporation, and then the model with constraints and load is imported to ADMS.
Data of model is shown in Table 1, and the simulation model of the whole machine is shown as Fig.3.
Parameters of bucket on vertical direction are tested to evaluate the effect of the vibration reduction system.
Hydropneumatic Vibration Reduction System Module of Wheel Loader and Its Evaluation.

The data collected and processed were the total time for entire processes and setup, and the condition of the production floor.
Existing State Map Production data for cycle time, setup time, and frequency for each workstation can be seen in Table 1.
In the work standard table, by calculating one cycle for the entire process, it was found that MUDA data was larger than Primary activities value.
The reduction of processing time was caused by the improvement of effectiveness of working elements on each process.
After implementation of new work standard, comparison data of before and after for the production setup process were obtained.

In this study, we propose a technique for fabricating L12-FePd3-Al2O3 films and report experimental data on their magnetic and structural properties.
Hans Goldschmidt for reduction of metal oxides with the use of aluminum powders in highly exothermic reactions of the type Fe2O3 + 2Al ® 2Fe + Al2O3 [13].
According to the magnetic measurement and X-ray data, the growth of the Fe and Pd layers corresponds to the orientation relationships Fe(001)[110]||Pd(001)[001]||MgO(001)[001].
According to the X-ray (Fig. 1c) and magnetic measurement (Fig. 2) data, annealing at 500 °С leads to the formation of the FeхPd solid solution and reduction of the a-Fe2O3 hematite to the oxide with a lower oxygen content (Fe3O4 magnetite) with the simultaneous formation of Al2O3.
It can be seen that the maximum values of НС (~ 200 Oe) correspond to annealing at 400 °С, i.e., the formation of the FexPd solid solution and magnetite phases, according to the X-ray data.

Analysis of the data was made by evaluation of theoretical properties of different dyes and comparison of the results with different technical properties of correspondent dyes, reported in the literature.
Data, reported by G.
A large data set of vat dyes in leuco-form (hydroxyanthraquinone derivatives) was analyzed in our study [11] on the basis of the experimental results of the work [12].
It is worth saying that Fabian et al [13] also studied this data set.
In this case destruction of dye molecules follows reduction mechanism due to sulphur atom in thiophene moiety.

Aspects Regarding the Hybrid Models in Engineering Emil Oanta1, a, Cornel Panait1,b 1Constanta Maritime University, 104 Mircea cel Batran, 900663, Constanta, Romania aeoanta@yahoo.com, bcornel.panait@gaad.ro Keywords: analytic, numeric and experimental models; case studies; data integration; hybrid models.
The paper presents several research projects in engineering, the project dedicated to the strains and stresses in the cylinder block is the most complex one and it required several studies of different types, together with original software employed to integrate the data.
Thus, there must be identified all the sources of experimental data, using various experimental techniques, even the redundant information being useful for cross-checking purposes.
The only method to approach the problem is to create a hybrid model which offers a wide range of types of information together with a large amount of data in order to asses in a fair accurate way the state of strains and stresses.
There were carried out the following numerical studies: · Original method to compute the linear expansion coefficient of the material employed to manufacture the cylinder block, using the experimental data (original computer code); · Original method to compute the temperature in the measurement point, using the experimental data and the value of the linear expansion coefficient previously computed (original computer code); · Finite element model of the cylinder block calibrated with experimental data, the accuracy of the results being verified by the use of the experimental data.

In solving the debris blockage problem, cleanout of debris so as to recover the drainage capability of watershed and at the same time, use the earth material to form the protecting measures can meet the carbon reduction requirement.
In solving the debris blockage problem, cleanout of debris so as to recover the drainage capability of watershed and at the same time, using the earth material to form the protecting measures can meet the carbon reduction requirement.
Fig. 3 The mixing land improvement engineering method improvement structure, showing the objects to be protected The purpose of this study was to find the optimal balance between engineering economic benefits, and energy savings and carbon reduction in wildcreek cleanout process.
Fig. 5 Hewang mixing land improvement engineering method used to protect against collapsed land Fig. 6 Honghsiang mixing land improvement engineering method used to protect against collapsed land Fig. 7 Hewang and Honghsiang in-situ mixture’s compression strength References [1] Public Construction Commission, Executive Yuan, Public Works Construction Outline and Regulations webpage data (2011) on http://pcces.archnowledge.com/csinew/Default.aspx?
[3] Official website webpage data from the “ISM Method Society,” Japan. (2011) on http://www.ism-method.jp/