Search results

In addition, due to the larger atomic diffusion coefficient of Ga compared to Al and the anisotropic atomic diffusion on the surfaces, the segregation exhibits a strongly anisotropic in-plane structure at the normal interfaces, while no measurable segregation is found at the inverted interface.
The setup of our RDS is almost the same as Aspnes et al.[16], except for the position of the monochromator.
As proposed by Kreb et al.[14] and Ivchenko et al.[15], the interface effects can be taken into classical envelope function theory by an interface potential Vint (z).
Lett. 77, 1829(1996) [15] E.L.

Allou2,g. 1Science and Engineering Materials Laboratory (LSGM), USTHB, BP 32 El Alia 16111, Bab Ezzouar, Algeria 2Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O.
Uzkut et al. [7] found that the formation of an intermediate layer of Fe-Co-Cu along the WC-Co /braze interface using a CuZnNi10 as a filler alloy.
Moreover, Chen et al. [8] found that the addition of Ni allows the formation of an inter-diffusion zone, which improved the mechanical strength of the brazed joint WC-Co /Ni interlayer / stainless steel, Lee et al. [9] found a migration of cobalt from WC-Co cermet towards the braze, thus generating a good influence on mechanical properties of the joint.
These results are in good agreement with those found by Jang et al.[13].

Bae et al. [5] and Lee et al. [6] fabricated the thin BCZY electrolytes and the CG-AFL using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and electrostatic slurry spray deposition (ESSD).
Kong et al. [7] fabricated Ni-YSZ CG-AFL by using uniaxial die-pressing method.
Hao et al. [8] fabricated La0.2Sr0.7TiO3-Ni/YSZ functional gradient anode using co-tape casting method and sintered using the field-assisted sintering technique and managed to improve their button cell’s performance.
El-Sebaie, Investigations of solid oxide fuel cells with functionally graded electrodes for high performance and safe thermal stress, Int.

Abad et al. found that the hardness of nanostructured WC/a-C film varied from 40 GPa to 16 GPa and the CoF varied from 0.8 to 0.2.
Pu et al. reported that WC/a-C films had low CoF of 0.05 and 0.28 at 25 ℃ and 200 ℃, respectively, but the highest hardness of the film was only 14.2GPa [10].
With increasing the FCH4 to 5 sccm, the film exhibits cubic-WC1-x phase, and the similar transition has also been observed by Abad et al. [9].
According to Ferrari et al.’s three-stage model, an increase in the intensity ratio ID/IG corresponds to an increase of the sp2 fraction in the film, which indicates the film with graphitization trend as the FCH4 increased [12].
El Mrabet, A.

In 2007, Takahiro Hiramatsu et al. [2] used the RF magnetron sputter to deposit the ZnO thin film onto the glass substrate under different working pressures, and heat up the substrate to 150 oC before annealing in vacuum at different temperatures.
In 2009, Wan-Yu Wu et al. [3] used the magnet-control sputtering system to deposit the ZnO seed layer on the glass substrate and grew the ZnO nanowires by applying the hydrothermal method for 3 hours.
In 2009, Meili Wang et al. [4] studied the impact of different TiO2 sputtering temperature on ZnO/TiO2 array arrangement and core/shell-based dye-sensitized solar cells (CS-DSSC), and the conversion efficiency of CS-DSSC was 1.5%~2%.
In 2010, to have ZnO seed layer of different thickness, Seong-Jong Kim et al. [5] coated on the glass substrate a layer of negative photoresist before exposure and grew the ZnO nanorods by using the hydrothermal method for 24 hours.
[5] Seong-Jong Kim, Han-Hyoung Kim, Joo-Beom Kwon, Jong-Geun Lee, Beom-Hoan O, Seung Gol Lee, El-Hang Lee, and Se-Geun Park, Novel fabrication of various size ZnO nanorods using hydrothermal method, Microelectronic Engineering 87 (2010) 1534–1536.

Le Pimpec et Al [10]studied on the effect on the SEEY of TiN film when ion bombarded on TiN film, which was deposited on the Al substrate.
P.H et al [11] studied on the surface roughness of TiN film which effected on the outgassing rate.
Suetsugu [12]et al evaluated the secondary electron emission coefficient of TiN coating, NEG (Ti, Zr - V) and Cu coating, showing that the corresponding ranges of the SEEY maximum value were respectively from 0.8 to 0.1, 1.0 to 1.15 and 1.1 to 1.25.
[7] E.L.

The steel fulfills the basic pre-condition for austenitic metastability and grain refinement through “Strain-induced Martensitic Transformation and Reversion to Austenite” (SIMTR) technique, as proposed by Tomimura et al [11].
(a) (b) Fig.6 Microstructures of as-received hot rolled, solution-annealed and pickled 301LN stainless steel: (a) Optical image (b) Secondary electron image Table 3 Tensile properties and hardness of as-received solution-annealed and pickled 301LN HRC samples Direction YS (MPa) UTS (MPa) YS/UTS ratio % El Strain hardening exponent (n) Hardness a¢-Martensite content (%) Longitudinal 332.06 811.77 0.41 63.79 0.62 96.2 HRB 1.6 Longitudinal 330.69 819.33 0.40 61.74 0.64 Transverse 349.03 831.10 0.42 61.80 0.64 Transverse 351.78 831.00 0.42 63.05 0.64 Findings from experimental cold rolling.
Table 4 Tensile properties of 301LN coil samples after cold rolling in Hillé experimental cold rolling mill % Cold redn Direction YS (MPa) UTS (MPa) YS/UTS ratio %El Strain hardening exponent (n) Hardness (HRC) a¢-Martensite content (%) 45 Transverse 1259.60 1488.17 0.85 6.30 0.25 46.4 98.4 Transverse 1324.35 1476.40 0.90 4.89 0.22 50 Transverse 1180.14 1556.84 0.76 5.65 0.30 46.5 ~100 Transverse 1200.74 1548.01 0.78 3.66 0.43 The volume fraction of martensite and εs markedly influence the achievement of nano/ ultrafine structure in Strain-Induced Martensitic Transformation and its Reversion to austenite (SIMTR).
Table 5 Properties achieved in 301LN ASS strips through experimental cold rolling and short annealing simulations in Gleeble 3500 C thermo-mechanical simulator (based on single furnace length of 16 m in AP Line-1) Steel Peak temp (oC) Heat rate (oC/s) Anneal time (s) Simulated line speed (mpm) YS (MPa) UTS (MPa) % El Strain hardening exponent (n) YS/UTS ratio Hardness (HRC) a¢-Martensite content (%) 301LN (45% CR) 800 5 160 6 681.99 999.64 46.32 0.3036 0.68 34.5 3.7 5.83 137 7 679.24 1037.90 41.14 0.2885 0.65 33.8 2.8 6.67 120 8 746.74 1058.50 38.73 0.2604 0.71 31.0 2.7 7.5 107 9 661.68 1017.30 39.14 0.2763 0.65 28.4 2.0 8.33 96 10 679.34 1030.05 41.44 0.3113 0.66 31.9 2.1 9.17 87 11 617.15 1012.39 46.47 0.3140 0.61 30.5 2.4 10 80 12 644.22 1017.30 45.57 0.3430 0.63 32.4 2.4 750 4.69 160 6 809.13 1125.21 36.81 0.2274 0.72 36.0 8.9 5.47 137 7 779.40 1122.26 36.98 0.2285 0.69 30.7 8.1 6.25 120 8 736.73 1115.40 39.14 0.2146 0.66 35.5 7.0 7.03 107 9 785.29 1088.91 34.75 0.2145 0.72 36.5 6.5

Mihdy Jassim1,a* and Hikmat Adnan Banimuslem2,b 1*University of Al-Qadisiyah, Alqadisiyah, Iraq 2University of Babylon, Faculty of Science, Iraq a*abdalla.alafloogee@qu.edu.com and bhikmatadnan@gmail.com Keywords: Hybrid materials; MWCNTs; Phthalocyanine; DC-conductivity; FTIR.
‏ [66] M.M.El-Nahass, H.S.
El-Bahy , and Z.A.El Sayed , FTIR, TGA and DC electrical conductivity studies of phthalocyanine and its complexes, J. of Molecular Structure, 753(1-3) ( 2005) 119-126

It was reported by Chen et al[8], that γ-FeOOH could be immediately formed on the carbon steel immersed in neutral electrolyte, once the electrolyte became acidic, γ-FeOOH would adsorb Fe2+ to be conversed into α-FeOOH.
El-Mahdy, A.

Surinach et al. [13]
Abu El-Oyoun, A.S.