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[2] Gaoxia Sun, Zhongkui Han, Wenge Feng et al..The Application of Oligomer Silane Impregnation on highways and bridges[C],11th Annual meeting of the fluorosilicone coatings industry, Shanghai, 2010.
[3] Gaoxia Sun, Lixue Bie et al..
[17] Basheer PAM,BasheerL,ClelandDJ,et al.
[23] Page C L,Short N R , EL-Tarras A.
[27] Upul Attanayaka,et al..Criteria and Benefits of Penetrating Sealants for Concrete Bridge Decks.Report to Michigan Department of Transportation,December 2002.

Cheng et al. [3].
El Marssi and A.
Novosiltsev and A.L.
Langhammer, et al.: J.
Beige, et al.: Solid State Comm.

Kamal M Al-Subhi proposed a utility-theory-based model to measure the best risk sharing fraction from both contracting parties’ points of view [3].
Cooper, el al.
[3]Al-Subhi Al-Harbi Kamal M International Journal of Project Management, Vol.16, No.2 (1998) ,p.73-80

Cai et al. [11] fabricated ZnO nanoparticle via sono-chemical process and electromagnetic microwave absorption was investigated.
Cao et al. [14] investigated the microwave absorption properties of cage-like ZnO/SiO2 composite and reported that ZnO nanostructure was low-loss material for microwave absorption in X band.
Padmaraj et. al [15] reported that the ZnO filler enhanced ionic transfer number from 92 to 95% of solid polymer electrolyte.
Al-Assiri, M.M.
El-Desoky, Synthesis, structural and electrical properties of annealed ZnO thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), Superlattices and Microstructures. 75 (2014) 127–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spmi.2014.07.043

Recently, Liu et al.[11] reported that strong basal texture was found in hot extruded Mg-Zn alloy alloying by Y and Ce, which has a remarkable contribution to the strength.
Galiyev et al. reported that the cross-slip of a dislocation on basal plane is dominant plastic deformation mechanism of Mg alloy at high temperatures [23].
Hono, A high-strength Mg-Sn-Zn-Al alloy extruded at low temperature.
Tian, El-Awady, J.A.
Hono, High-strength extruded Mg–Al–Ca–Mn alloy.

Alarifi4,l 1Space and Aeronautics Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia 2Materials Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia 3The Center of Excellence for Earth and Space Science, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aalblehed@kacst.edu.sa, bsaalghamdi@kacst.edu.sa, cabareet@kacst.edu.sa, dabharbi@kacst.edu.sa, esaldoihi@kacst.edu.sa, faweheed@kacst.edu.sa, gmabuobaid@kacst.edu.sa, hsalkhaibari@kacst.edu.sa, ikkhormi@kacst.edu.sa, jialmuzini@kacst.edu.sa, kkmutiri@kacst.edu.sa, li.alarifi@mu.edu.sa *Correspondence: saalghamdi@kacst.edu.sa; Tel.: +966-11-4814110 Keywords: Coating, Capacitive Sensor, Fibre-reinforced Polymer Composites (FRPC), Structural Health Monitoring
Paleari et al. developed a conductive composite resin where 6 wt% of carbon black was mixed with matrix and, after that, deposited into the surface of glass fibre to obtain self-monitoring plies.
Alblalaihid et al., “Interlayer Defect Detection in Intra-Ply Hybrid Composite Material (GF/CF) Using a Capacitance-Based Sensor,” Sensors, vol. 22, no. 8, 2022, doi: 10.3390/s22082966
Alblalaihid et al., “Self-Sensing Hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Polymer for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM),” Key Eng.
El-Dakhakhni, “Coplanar capacitance sensors for detecting water intrusion in composite structures,” Meas.

With the help of asymptotic analysis, He and Hutchinson [1] derived a deflection criterion which compares the ratio of the interfacial toughness Gci over the toughness of the penetrated material Gc2 The approach was extended by taking anisotropy into account [2] and was confirmed by Tullock et al.[3].
Martin el al. [4] improved the criterion which does not require any assumption concerning the crack extension ratio has been established.
Tullock et al: Acta Metall.
Simha et al: Int.

Gepreel1,c 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Egypt–Japan University of Science and Technology, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt 2Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt 3Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan 4Faculty of Education, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan ayasser_hmj@yahoo.com, bokano.satoshi.mj@ehime-u.ac.jp, cgeprell@yahoo.com Keywords: Self-organized TiO2 nanotubes, biocompatibility, Titanium alloys, Cell Counting Kit-8, WST-8 assay.
Ercan et al. [9] studied the effect of TiO2 nanotube size on bacterial adhesion and viability.
The electrolyte was comprised of 0.3 wt.% NH4F and 2 Vol.% H2O in ethylene glycol, this composition is reliable and it was used by many researchers such as Prakasam et al. [13].
Surface treatment by anodizing process Depending on Park et al. [14] study, a 3 different potentials, (i.e. 15 V, 30 V and 45 V), were selected and employed to generate well-organized nanotubes with different sizes to study the effect of the nanotube diameter size on the cell proliferation and cell viability of the studied alloys and comparing them with those of Ti-64 alloy.
This interpretation was mentioned and confirmed by Park et al. [14], they studied the focal contact using paxillin as protein marker.

The Al-5Ti-1B master alloy was added for grain refinement.
REFERENCES [1] E.L.
Kuo, “Semi-Empirical Analysis of Thermal Parameters for Porosity Formation in A201 Aluminum Alloy Casting”, AFS Transaction, Vol. 102 (1994) 167-172 [4] A.L.
Misra, “Dendrite Arm Spacing (DAS) A Nondestructive Test to Evaluate Tensile Properties of Premium Quality Aluminum Alloy (Al-Si-Mg) Castings,” AFS International Cast Metals Journal, (March 1981)23-40
Exner, “Effect of Slow Cooling Rate on the Microstructure of Sr-Modified Al-Si Eutectic Alloys,” Cast Metals, Vol.1, (1988)86-90

The Ti13Zr13Nb alloy has been finally selected as the most suitable material: it contains neither Al nor V and it has one of the lowest Young modulus values and reasonable fatigue strength.
Roy, E.L.
Ndop, et al.: Titanium powder sintering for preparation of a porous functionally graded material destined for orthopaedic implants.
Okazaki, et al.: Physical characteristics of Ti–6A1–4V implants fabricated by electrodischarge compaction.
Qiu, et al.: Composite titanium dental implant fabricated by electro-discharge compaction.