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Structure Optimal Design Based on Distributed-current-feed Mode Oriented to Electromagnetic Launching System Yu-feng Zheng1,2,a*，Han-hong Jiang 1,b，Jun-yong Lu1,c 1National Key Laboratory for Vessel Integrated Power System Technology ( Naval Univ. of Engineering),No.717 Jiefang Avenue ,Wuhan ,P.R.China 2People’s liberation army unit 91715, Guangzhou, P.R.China a*e-mail: krutz@163.com b email:18971632328@189.cn c email:ljy041@sohu.com Keywords: Pulsed power System, Structure optimization, Electromagnetic Launching System, Distributed-current-feed, Muzzle velocity, Current-feeding-in system Abstract.
Besides, the efficiency of the EML system is affected by the mechanic friction, electromagnetic effect and material temperature effect besides the Lorentz effect.

Surface Passivation of Silicon Wafers by Iodine-Ethanol (I-E) for Minority Carrier Lifetime Measurements Jingwei Chen a, Lei Zhao b, Hongwei Diao, Baojun Yan, Su Zhou, Yehua Tang and Wenjing Wang c Key Laboratory of Solar Thermal Energy and Photovoltaic System of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Electrical Engineering, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China achenjingwei@126.com, bzhaolei@mail.iee.ac.cn, cwangwj@mail.iee.ac.cn Keywords: The effective minority carrier lifetime；the bulk lifetime of minority carriers；μPCD; iodine-ethanol passivation Abstract.
Introduction The bulk lifetime of minority carriers (τb) in Si is one of the most important material parameters in the design and fabrication of Si-based solar cells.

Structure and Surface Morphology of Thermal SiO2 Grown on 4H-SiC by Metal-Enhanced Oxidation Using Barium Atthawut Chanthaphana, Yoshihito Katsu, Takuji Hosoib, Takayoshi Shimura, and Heiji Watanabe Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan achanthaphan@asf.mls.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp, bhosoi@mls.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp Keywords: silicon carbide, oxidation, barium, MOS, interface Abstract.
These results indicate that the stable MEO reaction would be the key to reduce the interface defects.

Far-infrared luminescent materials can not only be used for plant lighting and growth.
So the adapted blue LED package produces white light garnet phosphors dominate Gd3Al4GaO12 which is a novel and highly stable material in the matrix of many luminescent materials[10,11,12].
Compared with the commonly used garnet, Synthetic raw materials are low-priced oxides[13].
Experimental Section The raw materials selected were Gd2O3 (99.99%), Al2O3 (99.99%), Ga2O3 (99.99%), and Cr2O3 (99.99%).
[9] Chen L, Lin C, YehC, Liu R, Light converting inorganic phosphors for white light emitting diodes, Materials. 2010,3, 2172-2195

Hand grip strength has received increasing attention from industrial engineers and ergonomic researchers.
Materials and Methods Subjects Due to MVC depends on age, and in generally, young people are reached the maximum value in grip strength in Taiwan (male 20-year, female 17-year) [24-25], therefore the study adopted the young participant as subjects to evaluate their MVC and HGC.
Liao, A Study Concerning How Gender, Hands and the Sequence of Force Application Affected Grip and Hand-gripping Control, The 10th Asia Pacific Industrial Engineering & Management Systems Conference (APIEMS), (2009) pp.1100-1110, Dec. 14-16, Kitakyushu, Japan
Liao, Systematic Exploring the Relationship between Hand-grip Strength and Body Mass Index (BMI), The 11th Asia Pacific Industrial Engineering and Management Systems Conference, (2010a) HF-116, December 7-10, Melaka, Malaysia
Chang, Grip and key pinch strength: norms for 7 to 22 years-old students in Taiwan.

Boltasseva, Oxides and nitrides as alternative plasmonic materials in the optical range, Optical Materials Express, 1(2011) 1090–1099
Khalaf, Effect of Laser Pulses on Characterization of Zinc Oxide Thin Film Prepared by PLD, Engineering and Technology Journal, 36(2018).93-98
Basu, Laser annealing of zinc oxide thin film deposited by spray-CVD, Material Science and Engineering B, 52 (2018) 25
Zhou, Engineering the defect distribution in ZnO nanorods through laser irradiation, Nanotechnology 34 (2023) 495703
Davis, Electronic Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials, Electronic Processes in Non-Crystal Materials, 382 & 428 Clarendon, Oxford, 1979

Molecule Induced Strong Coupling between Ferromagnetic Electrodes of a Molecular Spintronics Device Pawan Tyagi Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky-40506, USA Address for correspondence: School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of the District of Columbia, Washington DC-20008, USA, email: ptyagi@udc.edu Keywords: Molecular spintronics, molecular electronics, spin photovoltaic devices, magnetic tunnel junctions, molecular magnets Abstract.
It is noteworthy that other materials like NiFe and Ta were highly stable during the OMC treatment.
Hinds and the Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky for enabling his PhD research work presented in this paper.
Verdaguer, Rational synthesis of molecular magnetic materials: a tribute to Olivier Kahn.
Buschow, Handbook of Magnetic Materials, Elsevier, 2006

The strain model was expanded to now fit three different materials (low alloy steel, heat-treatable steel and Ni-base alloy) for the two most common cross-section types (rectangular and octagon).
For an integration of new materials to FAST, the adaption of the equivalent strain model and the availability of a material model for StrucSim are required.
Further key aspects should be pass schedule calculations or analysis of recorded process data.
· At the moment there are three materials and two cross-section types implemented.
Further implementations of materials/cross-section types would improve the use in forging shops. 8 Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG for the financial support of this project within the SPP 1204. 9 References [1] Z.

Study on the Sintering and Mg Composition Effect on MgB2 Superconducting Bulks and Wires Synthesized by Powder-in-Sealed-Tube Method Md Rauf Ul Karim KHAN1,a, Agung IMADUDDIN2,b*, Heri NUGRAHA2,c, Reiji HATTORI1,d, Andika Widya PRAMONO2,e 1Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Advanced Graduate Program in Global Strategy for Green Asia, Kyushu University, Japan. 2Research Center for Metallurgy and Materials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, South Tangerang, Indonesia.
We characterized the resistivity versus temperature relationship, surface morphology, and crystal phase by using a Cryogenic system, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), and XRD (X-ray Diffraction). 2 Materials and Experimental Methods 2.1 Sample Preparation The PIST method is more efficient because it does not require any vacuumed or inert gas during the sintering process [14-17].
The fabrication process started with weighing the raw materials of Mg and B powders with the mole ratio of Mg: B is x:2.
Furthermore, several studies confirm that the presence of unreacted Mg is the key factor to decrease the resistivity around TC and the value of RRR is increased[23-26].
Atikur Rahman, “A Review on Cuprate Based Superconducting Materials Including Characteristics and Applications,” Am.

Biomethane by Psychrophilic Methanogenic Community Isolated from Sediment of Crane Lake in Zhalong Wetland, Northeast China Guang ZHAO1, a, Fang MA2, b*, Ting SUN1, a, Shu-ben LI 3, a, Kong YOU 3, a 1School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Liaoning 121001, China 2State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China 3Hailin Farm, Heilongjiang 150000, China azhaoguanghit@126.com, bmafang@hit.edu.cn (corresponding author) Keywords: Low temperature; biomethanation process; Methanomicrobials (MMB); Cow manure; 454 pyrosequencing technology Abstract.
The consumption of heating energy for mesophilic or thermophilic digestion decreases benefit, thus resulting in a slow development of biogas engineering in cold region.
Material and methods Sample collection.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Key Technology Support Program of China (No. 2012BAD14B06-04).