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Online since: April 2021
Authors: Aleksey N. Shapovalov, Roman R. Dema, Aleksandr A. Kal'chenko
The article presents the results of the analysis of production data on the operation of the blast furnace No. 1 of Ural Steel JSC for the period from 2013 to 2018.
Averaged data on the chemical composition of fluxed and non-fluxed pellets of MGOK (according to technical reports) used in the study period are presented in Table 1.
Marklund, Determination of bulk properties and fracture data for iron ore pellets using instrumented confined compression experiments, Powder Technol. 241 (2013) 19-27
Liu, Low Temperature Reduction Degradation Characteristics of Sinter, Pellet and Lump Ore, J.
Chakraborty, Effect of fluxing agents on reduction degradation behaviour of hematite pellets, Ironmak.
Averaged data on the chemical composition of fluxed and non-fluxed pellets of MGOK (according to technical reports) used in the study period are presented in Table 1.
Marklund, Determination of bulk properties and fracture data for iron ore pellets using instrumented confined compression experiments, Powder Technol. 241 (2013) 19-27
Liu, Low Temperature Reduction Degradation Characteristics of Sinter, Pellet and Lump Ore, J.
Chakraborty, Effect of fluxing agents on reduction degradation behaviour of hematite pellets, Ironmak.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Hui Jie Zhang, Chen Wang, Hong Guang Sun, Yan Wen Li, Wei Zhou Guan
Suppose there are sufficient data, we expect each data point to lie on or close to a locally linear subspace of the manifold [2], and this point of view is precisely coincident with the conception of manifold.
To recognize one class to one of the training classes, the most effective solution belongs to finding the common views and then measuring the similarity of those data sets [5].
Provided there are m local linear subspaces , where denotes a data matrix of the i-th subspace with an image in each column.
The dimension of PCA is set to preserve about 95% of data energy.
MMD concerns with matching image sets in the original data space [5].
To recognize one class to one of the training classes, the most effective solution belongs to finding the common views and then measuring the similarity of those data sets [5].
Provided there are m local linear subspaces , where denotes a data matrix of the i-th subspace with an image in each column.
The dimension of PCA is set to preserve about 95% of data energy.
MMD concerns with matching image sets in the original data space [5].
Online since: May 2007
Authors: Shu Hua Li, Fu Chi Wang, Cheng Wen Tan, Zhi Sun, Zhi Yong Chen
The transmission electron micrograph of the ASB in forged and rolled TA2
showed the grain size reduction from ~20µm to 200nm.
A number of quasi-static loading rate studies on this material have been carried out by means of various numerical, analytical and experimental methods, and their results have been published [3、 4].However, the data obtained for this material at dynamic loading and with high strain rates is scanty.
ε ε 'ε σ σ t t t Pressure Control System Strike Bar Incident Pressure Bar Transmitter Pressure Bar Output data Dashpot Oscilloscope Filter Sensor PC Signal Amplifier Strain Gage 1 Strain Gage 2 Specimen Fig.1.
The grain size reduction is of great degree in ASB (from ~20µm reduced to as small as 200nm).
A number of quasi-static loading rate studies on this material have been carried out by means of various numerical, analytical and experimental methods, and their results have been published [3、 4].However, the data obtained for this material at dynamic loading and with high strain rates is scanty.
ε ε 'ε σ σ t t t Pressure Control System Strike Bar Incident Pressure Bar Transmitter Pressure Bar Output data Dashpot Oscilloscope Filter Sensor PC Signal Amplifier Strain Gage 1 Strain Gage 2 Specimen Fig.1.
The grain size reduction is of great degree in ASB (from ~20µm reduced to as small as 200nm).
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Wei Ting Xu, Hao Fu, Lin Jie Kong, Yang Dong Ou
The largest slump reduction presents at the mixture with single incorporation of PAF with reduction value of 77.5 mm.
Concrete crack resistance abilities Table 5 Experimental results of Concrete crack resistance (0.9kg) Experimental group Maximum crack width ωmax [mm] Total crack areas A [mm2] Cracks reduction factor η Crack resistance performance levels Blank 2.21 1645.6 -- -- PF 0.72 143.5 0.6742 A PAF 0.54 110.4 0.7557 A CF 0.46 97.2 0.7919 A VICK-M1 0.51 101.9 0.7692 A VICK-M2 0.50 74.6 0.7738 A VICK-M3 0.44 72.4 0.8009 A VICK-M4 0.79 105.4 0.6425 A VICK-M5 0.43 66.8 0.8054 A Based on the above experimental data and graphs, it can be seen that the fiber incorporation can effectively restrain the early concrete plastic shrinkage crack.
Crack width reduction coefficient and crack area reduction coefficient are influenced by fiber type, fiber volume fraction and the way of fiber incorporation.
From the crack area reduction coefficient data, the largest one can be up to 94.09%.
The maximum crack width reduction coefficient, crack area reduction coefficient is only 2.27%, 7.73% respectively.
Concrete crack resistance abilities Table 5 Experimental results of Concrete crack resistance (0.9kg) Experimental group Maximum crack width ωmax [mm] Total crack areas A [mm2] Cracks reduction factor η Crack resistance performance levels Blank 2.21 1645.6 -- -- PF 0.72 143.5 0.6742 A PAF 0.54 110.4 0.7557 A CF 0.46 97.2 0.7919 A VICK-M1 0.51 101.9 0.7692 A VICK-M2 0.50 74.6 0.7738 A VICK-M3 0.44 72.4 0.8009 A VICK-M4 0.79 105.4 0.6425 A VICK-M5 0.43 66.8 0.8054 A Based on the above experimental data and graphs, it can be seen that the fiber incorporation can effectively restrain the early concrete plastic shrinkage crack.
Crack width reduction coefficient and crack area reduction coefficient are influenced by fiber type, fiber volume fraction and the way of fiber incorporation.
From the crack area reduction coefficient data, the largest one can be up to 94.09%.
The maximum crack width reduction coefficient, crack area reduction coefficient is only 2.27%, 7.73% respectively.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Hai Bin Yu, Wei Fu
The PWM output signal is set to logical “1’’ at the beginning of the switching period and is reset after a number of clock cycles equal to the integer value of the N-bit data input.
The system input is an N-bit data word, corresponding to the desired PWM duty cycle value, so that it can be easily interfaced to a microcontroller unit I/O port pins.
The N-bit register output, containing the N-bit data input, is compared with the output value of an N-bit free-running synchronous counter, by means of a comparator.
Also, the counter overflow signal is used to load the N-bit data input to the input register, so that the PWM output duty cycle change is performed at the new PWM wave period in order to avoid any frequency and/or phase jitter of the output waveform. while its duty cycle is given from the following equation: Where Data_Value is the input data word integer value.
The maximum clock frequency and the maximum PWM signal frequency for 8, 7 and 6-bit data input configurations, are tabulated in Table 4.
The system input is an N-bit data word, corresponding to the desired PWM duty cycle value, so that it can be easily interfaced to a microcontroller unit I/O port pins.
The N-bit register output, containing the N-bit data input, is compared with the output value of an N-bit free-running synchronous counter, by means of a comparator.
Also, the counter overflow signal is used to load the N-bit data input to the input register, so that the PWM output duty cycle change is performed at the new PWM wave period in order to avoid any frequency and/or phase jitter of the output waveform. while its duty cycle is given from the following equation: Where Data_Value is the input data word integer value.
The maximum clock frequency and the maximum PWM signal frequency for 8, 7 and 6-bit data input configurations, are tabulated in Table 4.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Wen Yan Li, Ming Zhong Gao
It has significant meaning to CO2 emission reduction, so it has gradually been the research emphasis in the energy clean utilization areas.
(7) Results and Analysis The Initial Parameter Table.Table 1 is calculated initial model parameters table, the following data from the existing data and experimental data.
F., Reduction kinetics of Cu-, Ni-, and Fe-Based oxygen carriers using syngas (CO + H2) for chemical-looping combustion[J].
[6] Zafar Q., Abad A., Mattisson T, Reduction and oxidation kinetics of Mn3O4/Mg-ZrO2 oxygen carrier particles for chemical-looping combustion [J].
(7) Results and Analysis The Initial Parameter Table.Table 1 is calculated initial model parameters table, the following data from the existing data and experimental data.
F., Reduction kinetics of Cu-, Ni-, and Fe-Based oxygen carriers using syngas (CO + H2) for chemical-looping combustion[J].
[6] Zafar Q., Abad A., Mattisson T, Reduction and oxidation kinetics of Mn3O4/Mg-ZrO2 oxygen carrier particles for chemical-looping combustion [J].
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Xiao Bin Zhu, Tang Qin Wu, Lin He Zhang, Hai Xiang Chen
The first model suggests that flashover is due to the reduction in air insulation strength caused by a reduced air density that results from the thermal effect of the fire.
These works promote our understanding of FIF, however, there is no consensus about the relative importance of three models, which is because that there is relatively lack of quantitative evaluation of the reduction extent of air insulation strength under fire.
The present paper seeks to present some experimental results of gap breakdown under fire and provide some data on the reduction extent of air insulation strength under fire.
The last four data points indicate the value is about 0.3KV/cm.
The value of the first data point is lowest, maybe because the distance is shortest and the positive electrode is close to fire center, where the temperature is highest.
These works promote our understanding of FIF, however, there is no consensus about the relative importance of three models, which is because that there is relatively lack of quantitative evaluation of the reduction extent of air insulation strength under fire.
The present paper seeks to present some experimental results of gap breakdown under fire and provide some data on the reduction extent of air insulation strength under fire.
The last four data points indicate the value is about 0.3KV/cm.
The value of the first data point is lowest, maybe because the distance is shortest and the positive electrode is close to fire center, where the temperature is highest.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Rong Wei Shen, Jiong Gang Han, Ze Gang He, Xiao Hong Tai
Design of the data collecting system
The data collecting system collects and processes the signals from sensors assembled on the bench.
Fig.4 Composition of data collecting system C.
Measure and control software can conveniently save data and select the saving path.
Data can be display in a way which tester expects.
The history data can be reviewed to facilitate data analysis.
Fig.4 Composition of data collecting system C.
Measure and control software can conveniently save data and select the saving path.
Data can be display in a way which tester expects.
The history data can be reviewed to facilitate data analysis.
Online since: February 2026
Authors: Omata David Omakoji, Gil Christ Zinsou, Afefa Mireille Akoumany
The study primarily focuses on projections up to 2030, with an extended outlook to 2050 and 2060 where relevant data and long-term forecasts are available.
2.
It is described as a "home-grown, data-backed, multipronged strategy" aimed at guiding Nigeria to reach net-zero emissions by 2060.
Data and assumptions The data utilized in this study are drawn from a range of credible and authoritative sources to ensure the robustness of the analysis.
ETP is a home-grown, data-backed, multipronged strategy.
Poor data quality and ESG reporting standards deter private investment.
It is described as a "home-grown, data-backed, multipronged strategy" aimed at guiding Nigeria to reach net-zero emissions by 2060.
Data and assumptions The data utilized in this study are drawn from a range of credible and authoritative sources to ensure the robustness of the analysis.
ETP is a home-grown, data-backed, multipronged strategy.
Poor data quality and ESG reporting standards deter private investment.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Reinhard Forstner, José Antonio Pérez Gil, Rotraud Freytag
The sequence from measurement to the fitted data is shown in Fig. 5.
The differences between specific volume data of the fitted data in the melt state and the measured pvT data in the Pirouette dilatometer decrease with increasing pressure.
Material Autodesk Moldflow (a) Pirouette (b) PP HDPE POM PBT ABS Fig. 14: Numerical simulation of shrinkage and warpage of the sample with Moldflow pvT data (a) and Pirouette pvT data (b) Comparison of results with different pvT data.
For both pvT data, the shrinkage prediction is very different.
Overall, the results of shrinkage calculated with Pirouette pvT data are closer to the experimental shrinkage data.
The differences between specific volume data of the fitted data in the melt state and the measured pvT data in the Pirouette dilatometer decrease with increasing pressure.
Material Autodesk Moldflow (a) Pirouette (b) PP HDPE POM PBT ABS Fig. 14: Numerical simulation of shrinkage and warpage of the sample with Moldflow pvT data (a) and Pirouette pvT data (b) Comparison of results with different pvT data.
For both pvT data, the shrinkage prediction is very different.
Overall, the results of shrinkage calculated with Pirouette pvT data are closer to the experimental shrinkage data.