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Utilization of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies in an Indian Manufacturing Enterprise 1Harwinder Singh and2 J S Khamba 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Gill Road, Ludhiana. 141006, Punjab, India. 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala. 147002, Punjab, India. 1Email: harwin75@rediffmail.com Keywords- advanced anufacturing technologies; utilization; manufacturing organization.
Managers in manufacturing organizations are experiencing the emergence of AMTs such as-computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), computer-aided process planning (CAPP), robotics (RO) and soft technologies such as material requirement planning (MRPI/II), KAIZEN, Just in time (JIT) [7].
· Innovative engineers to utilize the available technologies by modifying the same to suit the local requirements
CONCLUSIONS Advanced manufacturing technologies have been emerged as a key competitive strategy for business organizations in the global marketplace.
Omurtag, “Technology acquisition and utilization model (TAUM)”, Computers and Industrial Engineering, Vol. 33, Nos. 1-2, 1997, pp. 7-10

Joshi, CFD simulations of bubble column reactors: 1D, 2D and 3D approach, Chemical Engineering Science. 60 (2005) 6733-6746
Yarbro, Three-dimensional simulation of a three-phase draft-tube bubble column, Chemical Engineering Science. 55 (2000) 3261-3273
Becker, Modeling and simulation of the dynamic flow behavior in a bubble column, Chemical Engineering Science. 56 (2001) 1737-1747
Wagner, Hydrodynamic simulations of laboratory scale bubble columns fundamental studies of the Eulerian–Eulerian modeling approach, Chemical Engineering Science. 54 (1999) 5091-5099
Eigenberger, Applicability of the Standard k-ε turbulence model to the dynamic simulation of bubble columns: part I detailed numerical simulations, Chemical Engineering Science. 54 (1999) 2273-2284

The standard for ferritic heat resistant cast iron of the automobile exhaust manifold by the Society of Automotive Engineers specifies the Si content to be 4.0wt% [1].
However, the problem is that the limit of Si composition in Fe matrix is around 6wt%, and the material becomes more brittle as the composition approaches the limit.
This study intends to evaluate how the thermal stability changes according to the content of Si, which is the key element of the ferritic heat-resistant ductile iron.
References [1] "High temperature materials for exhaust manifold", SAE Standard J 2515, SAE, (1999)
Davis, ASM Specialty Handbook: Cast Irons, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, (1996)

Introduction Silicon surfaces have been undoubtedly one of the most studied surface systems in the materials science and engineering because Si is the main material of electronic and photonic industries.
Atomic scale understanding and engineering of semiconductor surfaces have become more and more relevant to develop energy-efficient and durable devices in sustainable manner because the surface regions of semiconductor crystals are one of the weakest parts in many devices and because the size or thickness of semiconductor components has decreased continuously.
The key factor behind the formation of crystalline SiO2/Si interface layer was explained to arise from atomically smooth and crystalline starting Si surfaces [26].
Yet, the hydrogen passivation has own weaknesses because hydrogen can act as a harmful defect in device materials and because H atoms detach and diffuse readily [e.g. 46-48].
Engineer. 24 (2002) 379

Interfacial Reaction between Sn and Cu-Ti Alloy (C1990HP) Andromeda Dwi Laksono1,2 a, Jing-Shiun Chang2,b, Jessie Yan3,c, and Yee-Wen Yen2,d 1Material and Metallurgical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Kalimantan, Soekarno-Hatta Street Km. 15, Karang Joang, Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, 76127, Indonesia 2Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, #No.43, Sec. 4, Keelung Rd., Da'an Dist., Taipei City 106, Taiwan (R.O.C.) 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA aandromeda@itk.ac.id, bbeen2266@gmail.com, cjessie.y.yan@gmail.com, dywyen@mail.ntust.edu.tw Keywords: Interfacial reaction, Pure Tin and Cu-Ti alloy, IMC, liquid/solid state reaction Abstract.
The specific Cu-Ti Alloy, C1990HP (Hyper Titanium Copper), has excellent characteristics for electronic materials.
The results show there are three key differences induced by the addition of Ti into the substrate.
Kivilahti, “Interfacial reactions between lead-free solders and common base materials,” Mat Sci Eng R., vol. 49, pp. 1-60, Mar. 2005
Voorhees, Growth and coarsening : Ostwald ripening in material processing, Berlin, New York: Springer, 2002

Progressive Freeze Concentration: Optimization of Trichlorophenol Removal in Wastewater via Response Surface Methodology Ikhmal Zariq Al Imran Jamal Ikhsana, Muhamad Noor Faqeh Bakarb, Hariz Asyraf Hamizlanc, Anwar Addini Mazzamd, Farah Hanim Ab Hamide* School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia aikhmalzariq@gmail.com, bmnfaqehb@gmail.com, charizasyrafhamizlan@gmail.com, danwaraddini@gmail.com, efarah88@uitm.edu.my Keywords: wastewater; trichlorophenol; progressive freeze concentration; optimization; response surface methodology.
Materials and Method Materials.
Acknowledgement The authors would like to express our gratitude to the School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam for their support.
Jami, Progressive Freeze Concentration for Wastewater Treatment from Food Industry, Key Eng.
Aydar, Utilization of response surface methodology in optimization of extraction of plant materials, in: Statistical Approaches With Emphasis on Design of Experiments Applied to Chemical Processes, IntechOpen, 2018

Einstein, Villeurbanne, France 3 University of Rome ‘‘Tor Vergata’’, Dept.of Industrial Engineering, INSTM RU Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico, Rome, Italy amariangela.lombardi@polito.it, blaurent.gremillard@insa-lyon.fr, cjerome.chevalier@insa-lyon.fr, dilaria.cacciotti@uniroma2.it, ebianco@stc.uniroma2.it, flaura.montanaro@polito.it Abstract.
Unfortunately, materials rarely possess the required mechanical behavior and biodegradability.
Materials Synthesis via melting.
Summary of the phase evolution of M and SG materials.
Below 900 °C, FT-IR spectra of SG powders showed the characteristic pattern of hydrate amorphous calcium silicate materials.

Design of the Prototype A key requirement of the design was that it should be able to work effectively with a maximum available head height at the casting pit of 1000mm.
The first prototype had the cyclone cast in a single refractory block and it was considered that this had represented a significant thermal mass contributing to the start up problems and it was decided to change the construction to a thin walled cone in fused silica set inside fibrous insulating material.
Delft University of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, Netherlands [11] Turchin, A.N. (2008) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Technische Universiteit Delft, op gezag van de Rector Magnificus Prof.

Study on the treatment of algae-rich water with PPC preoxidation-coagulation/sedimentation/ultrafiltration (UF) process Zhang Jianqiao1, a, He Junguo 2,b ,Li Guibai3,c 1 State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090 agongchengshi2369@163.com, bguoshizhang333@126.com. cCambridge_zhang@163.com Keywords: Ultrafiltration (UF); Algae-rich water treatment; Potassium permanganate composites (PPC) Abstract.
Materials and methods.
Firstly, small molecules adsorbs onto the wall of membrane pores leading to pore narrowing; Secondly, the membrane pore of membrane surface blocked; Thirdly, film retention material formed filter cake on the surface of the layer.
(In chinese) [16] Tian J.Y., Chen W.X., Wang W., etc, Composite potassium permanganate enhanced removal of pollution in Chinese drinking water production Journal of Environmental Engineering 1 (2007) 42~46.

Influence of CT Window Techniques on Gross Tumor Volume Delineation of Lung Cancer Wang Juan1, a, Wu hui-qun2, Xia jian-guo1,Tang le-min1, b,* 1Department of Medical Image Engineering, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001,China 2Department of Medical Informatics, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China a kf85051793@hotmail.com, b lemint50@ntu.edu.cn * Corresponding author Keywords: window width, window level, target volume delineation, radiotherapy Abstract Objective: To determine the variation in delineation of the gross tumor volume(GTV) of lung cancer on CT images with different window width(WW) and window level(WL).
Therefore, the accurate delineation of GTV is one of the key factors in the success of radiotherapy[6,7].
Materials and methods A immobilization device, a 16-slice spiral CT scanner, a medical picture archiving and communication system and the treatment planning system (TPS) were used.
We use the human tissue equivalent material - wax to make a ball, as a simulation of lung cancer, the volume of which was about 33.5cm3.