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This classification depends on the nature of the physical or chemical bond with water molecules Fig. 1: Free or bonded hydroxyl groups on exposed silica surface [24] Silica nano-particles can be further classified as (1) colloidal silica or silica sol whose particles show uniform shape and size with a diameter of 1-1000 nm [10] (2) Stöber silica with a diameter of 10-1000 nm is prepared using different chemistries of treated TEOS to obtain monodispersed spherical particles of silica [25]. (3) Silica gel with a diameter of 0.5-5 nm and (4) precipitated silica with a diameter of 5-6 nm are prepared from destabilized or destabilized and precipitated silica sol, respectively [10]. (5) Mesoporous silica with a diameter of 50-1000 nm is prepared from supra molecular congregation of silica around certain types of surfactant micelles which control the diameter of nS particles [18, 19, 26, 27]. (6) pyrogenic or fumed silica with a diameter of 2-50 nm is prepared from flame hydrolysis of
Fig. 2: Main concepts of nanosilica production ([24] adopted and complemented from [28]) Application of nS in Mortar and Concrete The incorporation of nS in concrete was expected to lower concrete workability [29-33] attributed to the elevated high specific surface area as a result of the nature of its 3D network structure, [15, 34].
An insight nano-chemistry investigation is required to inspect, assess, interpret and visualize the reaction mechanism.
Iler: The Chemistry of Silica: Solubility, Polymerization, Colloid and Surface Properties and Biochemistry of Silica New York, Wiley, (1979)
Schrerer: Sol-Gel Science, The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing, 2nd edition.

Therefore, the development of resourceful green chemistry methods for synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has become a main focus of researchers.
Further attempt to dry the sample at higher temperature might change the structure of molecules.
Iravani, Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants, Green Chemistry 13 (2011) 2638-2650
Abu-Ghannam, Water at room temperature as a solvent for the extraction of apple pomace phenolic compounds, Food Chemistry 135 (2012) 1991-1998
Boruah, In situ biosynthesis of Ag, Au and bimetallic nanoparticles using Piper pedicellatum C.DC: Green chemistry approach, Colloids and Surf.

Hilal3,e and Masatoshi Fujii4,f 1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 3 Department of Chemistry An-Najah N.University, PO Box 7, Nablus, West Bank, Palestine 4.
The results indicate a tetragonal structure, in accordance with the JCPDS Card.
References [1] W.Haas, T.Rath, A.Pein, J.Rattenberger, G.Trimmel,F.Hofer, Chemical Communications.47 (2011) 2050-2052 [2] A.Redinger, S.Siebentritt, Appllied Physics Letters 97 (2010) 092111 [3] K.Timmo, M.Altosaar, J.audoja, K.Muska, M.Pilvet, M.Kauk, T.Varema, M.Danilson, O.Volobujeva, E.Mellikov, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 94 (2010) 1889-1892 [4] M.Gratzel, Nature 414 (2001) 338-344 [5]P.P.Hankare, P.A.Chate, D.J.Sathe, M.R.Asabe, B.V.Jadhav, Solid State Sciences 10 (2008) 1970-1975 [6] O.Savadogo and K.C.Mandal, Materials Chemistry and Physics (1992) 301-309 [7]P.P.Hankare, P.A.Chate, D.J.Sathe, M.R.Asabe, B.V.Jadhav, Solid State Sciences 10 (2008) 1970-1975 [8]C.C.Koch, Nanostructured Materials:Processing, Properties and Applications, second ed., William Andrew, Inc, Norwich, NY, 2007, 47-90 [9] H.Gleiter, Progress in Material Science 33 (1989) 223-315 [10] R.A.Wibowo, W.S.Kim, E.S.Lee, B.Munir, K.H.Kim, Jounal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 68 (2007) 1908

Molecular and Crystal Structure Analysis of an Oxalate-bridged Sodium 2D Polymer: [Na(μ1,1,2,3-oxalato)(di-μ1,1-H2O)]n Jiaming Li1, a, Shuqing Xu2,b and Zhongfeng Shi 1,c 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, Guangxi, 535000, China 2School of Ocean, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, Guangxi, 535000, China aljmmarise@163.com, bxushuqing933@163.com, cshizhongfeng01@163.com Keywords: oxalate-bridged, sodium polymer, crystal structure Abstract.
The crystal structure was determined by a Bruker CCD area detector.
Structure determination.
Crystal structure description.
Fig. 3 Diamond drawing 2D molecular structure of 1 Fig. 4 Part of the 3D structure showing hydrogen bonds as dashed lines Conclusions A new coordination mode in oxalate-bridged sodium polymer and its crystal structure has been characterized by EA, IR and single crystal analysis.

In this regard, biosorbents synthesized from lignocellulosic residues have been widely used as adsorbents to treat colored effluents, because of their very large porous structure, large surface area and high adsorption capacity.
The structure of Crystal violet. 2.3.
Martin, Treatment of pollutants in wastewater: Adsorption of methylene blue onto olive-based activated carbon, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 18 (2012) 780–784
Arpitha, Removal of colour from textile effluent by adsorption using low cost adsorbents, International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry. (2014) 568–577
Lounici, Valorization of orange industry residues to form a natural coagulant and adsorbent, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 64 (2018) 292–299

All TGA curves are the basically same, the framework structure begins to be destroyed from 500°C up to around 600°C.
All TGA curves are basically the same, suggesting a structure change for samples upon heat treatment under argon.
All samples pore diameter is nanometer, and the structures are basically same.
The metal-organic framework accepted at reaction temperature 220°C has better structure stability.
Wang, et al.: Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2010. 13, p. 479 [2] B.Xiao and Q.

Nanochemistry is one of the parts of chemistry; it studies and analyses structures and characteristics of chemical transformations of nanoparticles.
Ideal nanocrystals have a perfect structure; they are symmetrical and have smooth faces.
The shape and the structure of nanosized titanium dioxide particles are directly dependent on the synthesis conditions.
Plasma chemistry allows synthesizing new materials, for example, metal-concrete for manufacturing it steel, iron, and aluminum are used as binders.
For example, technical silicon, represented as blocks silicon with polycrystalline structure and adsorbents for water purification.

China 2 Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chang Chun 130022 P.
A number of reports have appeared on the structure characterization of Pc LB films due to the effect of molecular orientation in films on electric and optical properties of Pc films.
A ‘lie-flat’ and an ‘inclined’ structure of Pc macrocycles have been reported, depending on the kinds, numbers and relative positions of substituents [6].
Fig.1 Schematic structure of the copper phthalocyanine derivatives.
This result suggests that the molecular and electronic structures in the ground state of the chromophoric part of CuPc are very close among the LB films, Powder.

By this method it is impossible to synthesize spatially ordered structures consisting of nanoparticles located at the same distance from each other.
The intermediate phases structures was established by X-ray analysis (XRD) using a DRON-7 using CuKα radiation. 3.
These particles are layered and scaly structure.
Deng: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C Vol.112(2008), p.11379-11384 [2] A.
Syuy: Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry Vol. 222(1) (2011), p. 146-158 [5] N.V.

Structure and properties of heat resistant polymers.
M., Chemistry, 1981
Synthesis and Properties of Halogens Containing Simple and Complex Block Copolyethers //Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 2017, Vol.11, № 2, pp. 162-170
Synthesis and properties of unsaturated polyetherketone block structure.
Polyetherketones: synthesis, structure, properties, application (review).