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Surface Treatment of Wool to Achieve Hydrophilic Fibre and the Effect on Subsequent Dyeing and Protease Treatment Edward Smith a, Jinsong Shenb Textile Engineering and Materials (TEAM) Research Group, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK aesmith@dmu.ac.uk, bjshen@dmu.ac.uk Keywords: Wool; Hydrophilic; Lipid; Reactive dye; Protease Abstract.
Experimental Wool material.
Additional funding was made by Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Academic Discipline of Applied Chemistry and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing Engineering (YR2011001).

Fatigue and Fracture Evaluation of a 70 Year Old Steel Bridge Chunsheng Wang 1, a, Hui Qian1,b , Ang Zhan 1, c, Yue Xu 1, d and Dalin Hu1, e 1 Key Laboratory for Bridge and Tunnel of Shaanxi, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China a wcs2000wcs@163.com, bqian23hui01@163.com, czhan_ang@163.com, dgl03@chd.edu.cn, e dlhu@gl.chd.edu.cn Keywords: old steel bridge; finite-element model; simulation; fatigue; brittle fracture; risk; evaluation.
The case study structure, Nen'jiang No.1 Bridge designed by Japan engineers and built in 1935, is located crossing Nen'jiang River in Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang Province, with six simple supported riveted truss structures and main span of 63.9m, and three approach spans of riveted steel plate beam (Fig. 1).
According to the chemical component analysis and the tension test [5], the material used in this bridge is mild steel and equivalent to S235.
The material fracture toughness can be determined as 2/1 IC mMPa50 ⋅=K [2], and 2 el 250N / mm R = [3].

Neural Network Soft Sensor Model Based On Mechanism Chaotic Analysis And its Application Yuhong Zhao1, a, Yunhui Zhang 2,b and Zeguang Su3,c 1Institute of Electrical Engineering, University of south China, Hengyang, Hunan, China 2 Eastern Boiler Control Co.
,LTD, ShenZhen, China 3 Institute of Electrical Engineering, University of south China, Hengyang, Hunan, China agsxl666@163.com, bzhangyunhui1106@163.com;, c szghnnh@sina.com Keywords: mechanism; chaos; neural network; Soft Sensor Abstract.
Relatively speaking, the process mechanism model has clear engineering background, simple structure, is the most receptive to the soft engineering measurement.
Suppose the reconstructed phase space of the time series of ball mill differential pressure is as following: (2) Where m is called embedding dimension, τ is delay time, the key problem to be solved is to determine embedding dimension m of the phase space in phase space reconstruction.
So as to, it provides a new way to monitor, control the coal feed and system optimization of the output (coal storage or material level) of Ball Mill Pulverizing System.

Materials and Methods Description of System Studied The recirculating aquaculture system was constructed beside the East Lake (30°31'22.24"N and 114°23'0.47"E) in Wuhan, China during spring, 2004.
China “863” High-Tech Program (Project No. 2002AA60l021), the ‘Knowledge Innovation Program’ Key Project of CAS (KZCX2-YW-426) and the Natural Science Foundation of P.R.
Hallerman, “A novel computer simulation model for design and management of recirculating aquaculture systems,” Aquacultural Engineering, vol. 32, pp. 443-464, 2005
Bio-Engineering Symposium for Fish Culture, Traverse City, MI.
Steeby, “Daytime Mechanical Water Circulation of Channel Catfish Ponds,” Aquacultural Engineering, vol. 14, pp. 15-27, 1995

The failure may come from the modern thoughts tendency that modernists are interested in single-use designs, or it may date from bridge reforms after industrial revolution which uses new-type and high-steel materials for high-speed transportation.
Such bridges were largely built in the key locations of cities, having big ascents, dense footsteps, coarse pavements, which excluded vehicles on purpose at the very beginning and made bridges passageways only for slow-traffic persons.
Some most excellent architects and engineers around the world were greatly interested in it.

Many domestic and foreign engineering practices have proved that the lightweight aggregate concrete could bring the comprehensive economic benefit in reduce of total weight of the structure, foundation load, material consumption and transportation quantity [1].
Experimental materials and methods Mixture were prepared with P·O42.5 cement.
Journal of Building Materials, 6(4) (2003), p. 431-435
Research and Application of Building Materials, 8 (2) (2009), p. 8-10
Taylor, et.al.: Influence of the Type of Coarse Lightweight Aggregate on Properties of Semilightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete, Journal of Materials in Civil engineering, 24 (12) (2012), p. 1474-1483

Lightweight design of welded structures is a major objective in many engineering fields like railway vehicle manufacturing, shipbuilding, the automotive industry or structural steel works.
It helps not only to reduce material and costs but also reduces carbon dioxide in production and service.
In general residual stresses are suspected to be degraded according to the yield surface of the material.
An increase of yield strength by use of high strength materials can be an option but must be considered more in detail.
Maddox, Key developments in fatigue design of welded constructions, IIW International Conference, Bucharest (2003) [5] T.

Liuc Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA a manjeera.m@gmail.com, blqc3@psu.edu, cdr.liu@psu.edu Keywords: BCC Structure, Bulk Substitutional Diffusion, Density Functional Theory, Eyring's Reaction Rate Theory, FCC Structure, HCP Structure, Local Density Approximation Abstract A simplified approach to predicting diffusion coefficients directly from first-principles is proposed.
Introduction Diffusion is the primary mechanism for mass transfer in solids, and thus knowledge of diffusion coefficients is critical for the fundamental understanding and control of many kinetic processes in materials, ranging from introduction of solute dopants in semiconductors to homogenization and precipitation in alloys.
For predicting diffusion coefficients in metallic systems [9] where the diffusion mechanism is known, whether in a dilute alloy or a concentrated solution, an efficient procedure to obtain accurate temperature dependent atom jump frequencies is the key [10].
First-principles calculations were carried out on the LION clusters at the Pennsylvania State University supported in part by the NSF grants (DMR-9983532 and DMR0122638) and in part by the Materials Simulation Center and the Graduate Education and Research Services at the Pennsylvania State University.

In brief, a key point is that in Nb microalloyed steel, when a high coiling temperature is applied, the microstructure is composed by polygonal ferrite (PF) and degenerated pearlite (DP).
(a) (b) (c) Fig. 4 (a) Engineering tensile curves obtained for Nb and Nb-Mo steels (holding time of 10 s).
Uranga, Relevance of time between last deformation pass and accelerated cooling on the microstructural refinement in Nb and Nb-Mo microalloyed steels, Contributed Papers from Materials Science and Technology (MS&T) 2015, October 4 – 8, 2015, Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA, pp. 981-988
Kim, Proceeding of 15th Conference On Mechanical Behaviors of Materials, Korea Institute of Metals and Materials, Seoul, Korea, 2001, pp. 177-186

Introduction Nitrogen doping is becoming a key technology for preparing high performance bulk CZ silicon substrates for ULSI.
Inoue, Materials Sci.
Kacshima, Materials Science and Engineering B95 (2002)33
Materials & Process Character.