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Introduction The contact wear problems are very important in various mechanical and structural engineering applications.
Their analysis is difficult in view of their geometric and material nonlinearities, coupled with uncertainties of wear process parameters.
It is also assumed that strains are small and the materials of the contacting bodies are linearly elastic.
Material parameters are: Young moduli , Poisson ratio , friction coefficient and loading pressure:, angular velocity for brake process , wear parameters are: .
Abascal: Anisotrop contact and wear simulation using boundary elements, Key Engineering Materials Vol. 618 (2014), p. 73-98

Proteolysis by MMPs controls the extracellular microenvironment and is the key factor in regulating the transfer of stem cells from the quiescent niche to the proliferative niche[34-37].
Experimental Materials and Methods Donor and acceptor.
Scaffold material and reagent.
MSN plays a key role in avoiding dynamic quenching due to non conjugated biotin-pep-BHQ-1 molecule, which became possible by removing freely diffusing biotin-pep-BHQ-1 molecules by centrifugation during sample preparation.
Ulijn, Enzyme responsive materials: design strategies and future developments, Biomater.

Key design parameters are compared in Table 1.
"Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation", Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER), University of California, Berkeley, CA
Blume Earthquake Engineering Center, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA
Dissertation, Department of Structural Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
“Shear design of steel frame joints,” Engineering Journal, AISC, Vol. 15, No. 3.

A good representation of the solution is a key factor for designing an effective and efficient GA.
Software Engineering & Applications, Vol. (3), pp. 674-682, 2010
“Meta-heuristics in cellular manufacturing: A state-of-the-art review” International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations, Vol (2), No. 1, pp. 123-140, 2011
Tariq A., Hussain I., and Abdul Ghafoor “A hybrid genetic algorithm for machine-part grouping” Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 56, pp. 347–356, 2009
“Designing Cellular Manufacturing Systems with Variable Production Costs and Times” Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences(1), Vol. 15, pp.95-111, 2003

Electrochemical Sensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Carbon Nanotubes for Selective Determination of Bisphenol A Huimin Zhao1,a, Yaqiong Chen1, Hongbo Cheng1, Fang Yuan1 and Xie Quan1 1 Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China, 116024 azhaohuim@dlut.edu.cn Keywords: Molecularly Imprinted polymers; Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes; Electrochemical Sensor; Bisphenol A Abstract.
As a result of its extensively employed in resultant products, such as electrical and electronic equipments, beverage cans, dental sealants, and food packaging materials, BPA would inevitably be released into water during the manufacture, use, and disposal process.
Although enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can offer rapid determination, it suffers from the low stability of the biological material and the complicated multistage steps [7].
Considering its high adsorption capacity and specific surface area, CNTs has been used as support material for MIPs to supply more recognition sites in MIPs based sensors for the determination of insulin, tyramine, uric acid, and other biogenic compounds [23-26].
The only reported MIPs based sensor for BPA analysis was using a sol-gel rigidity network as the recognition material and gold electrode as electrode substrate [27].

Solvent-free Liquid Phase Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol to Benzaldehyde over Superfine MgAl2O4 Supported Co-based Catalysts：Effects of Support MgAl2O4 Xin Zhang, Min Qi, Guiquan Zhang, Tao Lin, Ting Gong School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an, China email: zhangxinzhangcn@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: MgAl2O4; Hydrothermal Synthesis; Liquid Phase Oxidation; Benzyl Alcohol; Benzaldehyde; Support Effect Abstract: MgAl2O4 was respectively prepared by hydrothermal method (MgAl2O4-HT), co-precipitation method (MgAl2O4-CP) and solid reaction method (MgAl2O4-SR).
Introduction Benzaldehyde (BzH) is one of important raw materials to produce pharmaceutical, perfumery and dye, etc.
MgAl2O4 has been widely used as ceramic and refractory material.
MgAl2O4 as catalyst material is desirable to be high-surface-area and porous.
Hydrothermal synthesis is considered to be an effective method for preparing high-surface-area material with the controlled stoichiometric composition and the low cost.

Lourenço.c ISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal avghaach@civil.uminho.pt, bgraca@civil.uminho.pt, cpbl@civil.uminho.pt Keywords: Concrete block reinforced masonry; Masonry beams, Construction technology; Bed joint reinforcement; Flexural testing.
Besides the experimental behavior of the masonry beams, an experimental campaign was also performed in order to obtain the mechanical properties of the masonry materials and of the masonry as a composite material.
It is observed that the introduction of horizontal reinforcement, the increase on its ratio and its distribution along the height plays a key role on the increase of the strength and ductility of the masonry beams, in any of the adopted masonry bonds.
Lourenço: Influence of the geometry of units and of the filling of vertical joints in the compressive and tensile strength of masonry, Materials Science Forum, (in this issue).

Turbulence is one of the key phenomena in fluid dynamics.
FLUENT Software 6.3 Version is one of the computational fluid dynamics which is widely used in the engineering field.
It is the most widely-used engineering turbulence model for industrial applications since it is considered robust and reasonably accurate [5]
Acknowledgement The authors greatly acknowledge Head of Simulation and Computation Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering Department UGM and the assistants for permission to use FLUENT Software, Head of Hydraulic Laboratory of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department UGM and all staffs for permission and for the provision of help to conduct the experiment.
Sanyal, Analysis of the turbulent fluid flow in an axi-symmetric sudden expansion, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. 2(6) (2010) 1569-1574

Finite Element Analysis of Failure Pressure of X60 Pipeline with Double Defect Wenlong Duan1,a, Zhanhui Wang1,b*, Dongze Li1,c, Mengzhao Long1,d, Xiaojun Li2,e, Zhifang Zhang3,f 1Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, China 2Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China 3Value-Added Utilization of Carbocoal Derivative Liquid- Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center, Yulin university,Yulin 719000, China adwl12580@163.com,bwangzhanhui@yulinu.edu.cn, clidongze0826@163.com, dlongmengzhao1535@163.com, elixj@zstu.edu.cn, fzhifang889@yulinu.edu.cn Keywords: Failure pressure, Pipeline model, Double defect, Stress distribution, Geometric factors Abstract.
The tangent modulus method was adopted for constructing a bilinear material model, and FEM served for generating an empirical formula to calculate the burst pressure of API 5LX grade defect-free pipelines.
(1) ASME B31G The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) issued the ASME B31G corrosion pipeline failure pressure evaluation standard in 1984, which combined the NG-18 formula.
Establishment of FEM Model for Double Defect Pipeline The pipeline material selected is X60 pipeline steel, with the main performance parameters of Young's modulus (E) of 210GPa, D of 324mm, t of 10mm, L of 2000mm, Poisson's ratio (μ) of 0.3, and yield strength of 543MPa.
Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering. 17 (2), 134-155(2024)

Short-Term Oxidation Behavior, Microstructure Evolution and Compression Behavior of Nickel-Based Superalloy GH4037 in Solid and Semi-Solid States Guanfei Xiao1,a, Jufu Jiang1,b*, Ying Wang2,c, Yingze Liu1,d, Ying Zhang1,e and Minjie Huang1,f 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P.R.
China 2School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P.R.
The progress of industry mainly depends on the improvement of materials on properties, and the development of superalloys is of great significance.
Experimental Procedure (1) Materials The alloy tested in this work is nickel-based superalloy GH4037 (Ni-14.9Cr-5.6W-3.2Mo-2.1Ti-1.9Al-0.2V-0.06C, in weight percent), which was fabricated by a hot rolling process subjected to a solution and aging treatment.
Kang, The effect of raw material fabrication process on microstructural characteristics in reheating process for semi-solid forming, J.