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The analysis of grinding parameters for surface characteristic, e.g. wheel, workpiece, processing, and mechanical parameters etc has been investigated by Shaji et al [2].
Yin et al [3] have interpreted influences on ultra precision grinding of cemented carbides with the viewpoint of microstructure.
Nguyen et al [5, 6] has verified impact parameters of precision grinding process by simulation.
El Baradie, M.S.J.

A Study of Natural   Pozzolan Mortars Exposed to Chlorides as a Sustainable Building Material LAOUFI Laïd1,a, MOULI Mohamed2,b, and SENHADJI Yassine1,C 1Civil Engineering Department, University Mustapha STAMBOULI of Mascara, Bp736 route de Mamounia, Mascara 29000, Algeria 2Laboratory LAB-MAT, Department of Civil Engineering, ENPO, Oran El Mnaouer 31000, Algeria alaoufifr@yahoo.fr, bmoulimohamed@yahoo.fr, Csenhadjidz@yahoo.fr Keywords: Durability, Corrosion, Sustainable Material, Natural pozzolan, Aggressive solution.
Fajardo et al. [13] reported that the use of 20% Mexican natural pozzolan, as a partial substitute for ordinary Portland cement, leads to a significant increase in the induction time and reduces the corrosion rate by one order of magnitude, as can be verified by visual inspection of surface state of the embedded steel rebar.
According to the research study carried out by Kouloumbi et al. [14], who studied the partial replacement of Portland cement in concrete by Greek natural pozzolan, the corrosion rate of reinforcements embedded in concrete samples containing pozzolan decreased, especially after a long exposure time to seawater.
Parande et al. [15] conducted a study on samples of concrete, exposed to three aggressive environments.

Experimental Validation of the Modified Continuously Variable Command Law of a Semi-Active Suspension Integrating a Magneto-Rheological (MR) Damper Said Boukerroum1, a, Nacer Hamzaoui2, b 1Laboratoire de Mécanique Avancée, USTHB, BP 32 El Allia 16111, Bab Ezouar Alger, Algérie. 2Laboratoire Vibrations Acoustique, INSA, Bâtiment A de ST Exupéry, 25 bis avenue Jean Capelle 69621, Lyon, France asboukerroum@yahoo.fr, bnacer.hamzaoui@insa-lyon.fr Keywords: MR Damper, Semi-Active Suspension, Modified Bouc-Wen Model , Control Law.
Indeed, several mathematical models highlighting the physical and energetic properties (electric current, magnetic fields, flow, viscosity) MR fluids have enabled the development of several numerical models governing the internal dynamics of these dampers and the most recent is the model of Bouc-Wen modified developed by Spencer et al. [1] which is a modification of the Bouc-Wen model [2].
Table 1: Quarter model parameters Parameters Notation Value Sprung mass m2 50 kg Unsprung mass m1 140 kg Equivalent stiffness of the secondary suspension k2 38 103 N/m Equivalent stiffness of the primary suspension k1 400 103 N/m Damping coefficients of secondary suspension cmax cmin 6517 N.s/m 590 N.s/m Numerical model To better predict the response of the MR damper, a modified version (Fig. 1) of the Bouc-Wen model was developed by Spencer et al.
Indeed, through the semi-active ''MCVC'' strategy verify the effectiveness of the modified Bouc-Wen model developed by Spencer et al., which corrects the deficiencies of Bouc-Wen model at the low speeds, during the transition between the phases of compression and expansion of the shock absorber MR, and in the case where the acceleration and velocity are of opposite sign.

.%) of FeCrAl Ni Cr Fe C Mn Si Al Zr Y Hf N min - 19.0 bal - - - 5.5 - - - - max 0.3 22.0 0.05 0.50 0.50 6.5 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.01 Specimens preparation Ultrasonic Pretreatment.
The high intensity of nickel oxide and Al2O3 layers on FeCrAl surface substrate are appeared on Fig. 3a and 3b. 001 002 003 a b Point O (At%) Fe (At%) Cr (At%) Al (At%) Ni (At%) 001 67.90 2.44 0.37 0.26 29.04 002 67.37 9.21 0.58 9.40 13.44 003 71.13 5.40 1.15 19.40 2.91 c Figure 1.
The lowest parabolic constant for FeCrAl ultrasonic treatment with SiC and Al2O3 were in 50 minutes and 30 minutes at 1.21 x 10-4 and 1.15 x 10-4 mg2mm4h-1, respectively. 003 002 001 a b Point O (At%) Fe (At%) Cr (At%) Al (At%) Ni (At%) 001 59.79 17.13 2.09 1.64 15.53 002 69.55 7.82 1.44 9.87 11.32 003 73.98 6.44 1.61 15.16 2.21 c Figure 2.
El Messki: Applied Surface Science 229 (2004) pp 233–241 [8].

N = L1/(2δ) = Pa/Sd. (3) Ma et al [5] also indicated the prediction method for dynamic tensile strength of rock materials.
One of the purposes of this fracture test is to estimate the dynamic tensile strength of the rock according to above estimation methods, and we will discuss the relation between the results of the test and the Free surface Direction of wave propagation Direction of reflected wave propagation f e a b c d a' b' c' d' δ δ Pb Pa Pa tp Rock specimen Fig.4 Conceptual diagram for the estimation method of dynamic tensile strength (Ma et. al 1998)assumptions in the methods.
In this figure, δ is the thickness of the fragment, V(tp) Material Density [kg/m3] C0 [m/s] S [-] Γ [-] Water 1000 1483 2.0 1.0 PMMA 1181 2260 1.816 0.75 Composition Density [kg/m3] Detonation velocity [m/s] Pcj [GPa] Slurry + Al 1430 3700 5.5 PMMA Explosive Water Fig.5 Calculation field Table 1 The characteristics of Aquanal explosive Table 2 The constants of Mie-Grunisen EOS is the maximum velocity of the free surface and tp is the time needed to reach the maximum velocity.
Cook: Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 14 (1974), p.227-253 [7] E.L.

Koshy et al.[1] have found a new way machining of cemented carbide without surface micro-cracks and reduced cutting forces by using electro-discharge diamond grinding (EDDG).This hybrid machining process has been developed by combining electro-discharge machining (EDM) with metal bonded diamond grinding.
Habib [5] performed parametric studies on electro-discharge machining of metal matrix composite Al/SiC using cylindrical shape copper tool.
Sohani et al. [6] performed parametric studies on EDM of medium carbon steel using copper tools with different sizes and shapes like triangular, square, rectangular and circular.
El-Taweel, “Multi-response optimization of EDM with Al-Cu-Si-TiC P/M composite electrode,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 44, 2009 pp.100-113.

In addition, Guy Gilboa et al studied a forward and backward diffusion [12-14].
On AL, Karlsruhe,1983:1019-1022 [7] P.Charbonnier, L.Blanc-Feraud, G.Aubert, M.barland.
Cottet, M.EL Ayyadi.
Image Processing, Vol.l，481-483, 1996 [11] F Catte, P L Lions, J M Morel et al.
[19] Greer J B, Bertozzi A L.H1 solutions of a class of fourth order nonlinear equations for image processing[C]//Chepyzhov V, Efendiev M, Miranville A, et al.

Lin et al.: submitted to Progress. in polymer science 87 (2018) 197–227
Jones et al.: submitted to Composite Structures 201 (2018) 1004–1017
Calvo et al.: submitted to Composites: Part A. 121  308–320
Teuscher et al.: submitted to J. of Cl.
El-Dessouky: submitted to Composites, Part B 66 (2014) 255–267

Out of these various calcium zinc chloro-silicate hosts, the Ca8Zn (SiO4)4 Cl2: Eu2+ has been reported by Lu et al. [22-23], prepared by a two-step firing method.
Calcium Zinc Chloro-silicate phosphor is prepared by a solid-state reduction method, by using the procedure given by Lue et al [24].
The PL spectra of as reported phosphor match very well with that reported firstly by Liu et al [27].
The energy transfer in the same host is reported by Hai et al [28-29] from Ce3+ and Eu2+, and vise-versa.
The coated LEDs were then dried and taken for characterization as EL spectra, CIE chromaticity coordinates, Lumen output, LED spectra, color temperature, etc. by using the Lumen meter (Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity Company Z Vision ZW 3900) and a 300 mm integrating sphere.

Ramakrishna et al. [2] showed that addition of B. pasteurii to mortar not only remediates the cracks but also increase the compressive strength of the concrete.
Interestingly, Achal et al. [6] reported 36 % increase in the compressive strength of cement mortar by using B. sp.
Andalib et al. [10] used five different concentrations of the B. megaterium bacteria in the different grade of the structural concrete.
Al-Manaseer, Structural concrete: theory and design, John Wiley & Sons, 2012
Abo-El-Enein, A.H.