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Conversion of Glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural with Tetraethylammonium Bromide and Chromium (III) Chloride as Catalysts Zhang Haiyan1, a, Liu Xuejun1, Ai Ning1, Nie Yong1, Ji Jianbing1 1 Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China aemail: zjutjjb@163.com Keywords: Glucose; HMF; Tetraethylammonium Bromide; Chromium (III) Chloride.
Experimental Materials and Experimental Procedures.
Dumesic, Science, 308 (2005) 1446
Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Chemistry-A European Journal,17(2011)1456
Zhang, Science, 316 (2007) 1597

Effects of Computational Parameters on Solidification Structures Simulated with Phase-Field Method for a Ni-Cu Binary Alloy Jinjun Tang1,2,a, Jianzhong Jiang1,b, Chunhua Tang3,c, Liqun Hou2,d, Liangjun Fei2,e 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; 2 Ningbo Sub-academy of the National Weapons Science Research Academy, Ningbo 315103, China 3 Shandong International University, Jinan 250100, China ajinjun_tang@163.com, bjiangjz@zju.edu.cn, ctangchunhuaws@163.com, dliqunhouningbo@163.com, eliangjun.fei@163.com Keywords: solidification structure, phase-field, energy base, boundary layer thickness Abstract: In this study W was found to have strong effects on solidification structure of the binary alloy.
Journal of Crystal Growth, v 174, n 1-4, Apr 2, 1997, p 54-64
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, v 27A, n 3, Mar, 1996, p 657-669

Experimental Program Materials.
The materials and mix design proportion are as described previously in [10].
Another reason might be due to the reduced capability of the concrete to bond with the steel which had caused stress between the two materials.
As concrete follow the general trend in materials whereby increasing strength is accompanied by increasing brittleness.
American Society for Testing Materials, Journal of Testing and Evaluation, Vol. 2 (1974), No. 5, p.1-7

For the tensile force of geosynthetic liner at the side slope crest, Koerner[1] presented a calculation method based on the limit equilibrium of frictional force between materials.
The Kantou loam was modeled by the quadrilateral element and triangle element, the upper protective mat and barrier sheet were modeled by bar element and the interfaces between materials were modeled by joint element.
The geosynthetics used in the tests were treated as a linear elastic materials and secant modulus at a strain of 1% obtained by tensile test was used.
In the finite element analysis, the shear stress- relative displacement behavior of interfaces between materials must be accurately modeled.
Y.: ASCE Journal of the soil Mech. and Found.

f is the axial feeding rate, η the materials removal ratio, w is the edge contact width between the wheel and the workpiece.
In addition, the grinding force and temperature are all lowered because the grain depth of cut is reduced and the strain rate of materials in the contact layer increases due to the increase of the grinding speed [5], thus, the materials removal ratio η increases and the plastic coefficient K decreases since the plastic deformation caused by plastic plough is diminished under the super high strain rate.
Li: Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 304-305 (2006), p. 570
Stephenson: Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 304-305 (2006), p. 8
Cai: Journal of Northeastern University, Vol. 26 (2005) No.8, p. 770.

Wang 3* 1,2,3 Department of Materials Science, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119620 Keywords: CaBi4Ti4O15, Nanocrystallinity, Mechanical activation, Dielectric properties.
Mechanical alloying which was initially devised for synthesis of intermetallics and alloy compounds [8], has been utilized for the preparation of various magnetic and nanocrystalline materials [9, 10].
Hence, the multiple steps of calcination for these materials at elevated temperatures were skipped, while the nucleation and subsequent growth of perovskite crystallites were triggered by mechanical activation at room temperature [14, 15].
Experimental Procedures The starting materials for this work were commercially available CaO (>99% in purity, Riedel-de Haen), Bi2O3 (>99% in purity, Reagent and fine Chemicals) and TiO2 (>99% in purity, Alfa Aesar, Germany).
Giri, "Nanocrystalline Materials Prepared through Crystallisation by Ball Milling", Adv.

In general, the test method for determining dynamic tensile mechanical performance of materials is mostly realized by using the split Hopkison tensile bar (SHTB) apparatus.
Since the birth of SHTB, the dynamic mechanical performance of many materials is tested and applied to the engineering design.
But this method does not apply to ductile material because uniform expansion does not exist when the deformation of expanding ring is larger.
The toughness of this material is well.
[4] DU Yu-lin, SUN Cheng-wei, LI Qiang, et al: Explosion and Shock Waves, Vol. 26(2006), p.283. [5] WANG Yong-gang and ZHOU Feng-hua: Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics, Vol. 29(2008), p.245.

The cracks occur frequently on the machined surface due to brittleness and poor heat conductivity of ceramic materials.
Table 2 Material properties of ceramics.
In machining of green ceramic compact, the tool wear occurs because most of ceramic materials can be used as abrasive particles in grinding or polishing.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors are thankful for the support from the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 50775020 and 50875032) and the National High-Tech R&D Program of China (No. 2009AA044205).
Wang, “Green ceramic machining: A top-down approach for the rapid fabrication of complex-shaped ceramics,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2008, 28:2109-2115

Some characteristic values of various materials are given in Table 2.
"A method for flexural reinforcement of old wood beams with CFRP materials."
Book chapter in Encyclopedia of Forest Science, 1815-1828.
Forest Product Journal,54 (1): 74-79
Forest Product Journal, 54 (1): 74-79

Materials and methods Material.
A multivoltine variety of silkworm, P50 was used as the experimental materials, and reared by batching of male and female from the stage of 5th instar larvae.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of National Hi-Tech Research and Development Project “863” (2006AA10A118).
Also, it is a part of the postdoctoral project “Studies on the abduction technology and the regulation mechanism of trimolter silkworm, Bombyx mori” from the post-doctoral station on Textile Science and Technology in Suzhou University, China.
Xia: Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, Vol.13 (2007), p.867 [7] Y.