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Online since: October 2010
Authors: Yuan Xue, Hai Ning Lv
The Structure of PU/PNIPAAm Semi-IPN Prepared by Wet Phase Inversion Process
Yuan Xue1, a , Haining Lv 1,2,b*
1 Dept. of Textile Enginnering, College of Garment and Art Design, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, China
2Dept. of Textile Dyeing & Finishing, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University
axueyuan168@yahoo.com.cn; bhaining8047@163.com
Keywords: polyurethane N-isopropylacrylamide wet phase inversion microporous swelling
Abstract.
The structure and properties of polyurethane/ poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PU/PNIPAAm) composite film were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
In this paper, we discussed the effect of wet phase inversion process on the structure of PU/PNIPAAm composite films.
This phenomena were related with the structure of PU/PNIPAAm semi-IPNs and the interaction of hydrogen bonding between polymer chains.
Conclusions ⑴The structure of PU/PNIPAAm composite films was not only influenced by filming medium, but also affected by crosslinking density. ⑵In the semi-IPN PU/PNIPAAm films, PNIPAAm does not show thermosensitivity under dry condition. ⑶The addition of sodium chloride in water bath makes PNIPAAm shrinking at lower temperature. ⑷The crosslinking agent of PNIPAAm dominated the swelling ability of PU/PNIPAAm.
The structure and properties of polyurethane/ poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PU/PNIPAAm) composite film were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
In this paper, we discussed the effect of wet phase inversion process on the structure of PU/PNIPAAm composite films.
This phenomena were related with the structure of PU/PNIPAAm semi-IPNs and the interaction of hydrogen bonding between polymer chains.
Conclusions ⑴The structure of PU/PNIPAAm composite films was not only influenced by filming medium, but also affected by crosslinking density. ⑵In the semi-IPN PU/PNIPAAm films, PNIPAAm does not show thermosensitivity under dry condition. ⑶The addition of sodium chloride in water bath makes PNIPAAm shrinking at lower temperature. ⑷The crosslinking agent of PNIPAAm dominated the swelling ability of PU/PNIPAAm.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Yan Zhang
For high print quality, halftone dots should have minimal dot gain and sharp, circular edges, the receiving surface must have a line, high-porosity structure and be hydrophilic.
Paper structure and surface chemistry requirements for good inkjet print quality are so unconventional that new paper grades for inkjet printing should be specially designed.
Paper structure and surface chemistry requirements for good inkjet print quality are so unconventional that new paper grades for inkjet printing should be specially designed.
Online since: November 2022
Authors: Zircon S. Culilang
The reaction of coal ash with an alkali solution containing sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate results in a material bond with a three-dimensional polymeric chain and ring structure consisting of Si-O-Al-O [7].
[4] J Davidovits, Geopolymer Chemistry and Properties, Compiegne, France (1988): First European Conference on Soft Mineralurgy, pp. 2-48
Davidovits, Geopolymer Chemistry and Applications, 2nd ed., Institut Geopolymer, France (2008) [10] A.
Sumajouw, Studies on fly-ash based geopolymer concrete: in Geopolymer, Green Chemistry, and Sustainable Development Solution.
Furtado, C, Silica Sol Obtained from Rice Husk Ash: in Chemistry & Chemical Technology (2009), 3(4)
[4] J Davidovits, Geopolymer Chemistry and Properties, Compiegne, France (1988): First European Conference on Soft Mineralurgy, pp. 2-48
Davidovits, Geopolymer Chemistry and Applications, 2nd ed., Institut Geopolymer, France (2008) [10] A.
Sumajouw, Studies on fly-ash based geopolymer concrete: in Geopolymer, Green Chemistry, and Sustainable Development Solution.
Furtado, C, Silica Sol Obtained from Rice Husk Ash: in Chemistry & Chemical Technology (2009), 3(4)
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Cui Xia Qu, Xing Ke Yang, Hu Jun He, Hong Ye Song
This paper relies on "The base structure and guide the middle and lower Yangtze River mine - re-controlling factors of research project" in order to study the Mesozoic intrusive rocks in the characteristics of the middle and lower Yangtze River area and distribute-on of the western part of Hubei - Jiangxi and eastern Jiangsu - Anhui comparative study of eastern and western areas.
On the basis of the full collection and comprehensive study of previous data, with the actual project work and research, through comprehensive research and analysis, bounded on the east and west of Jiujiang area controlled by different tectonic framework of characteristics of intrusive rock, mainly from the petrology, rock chemistry, magma sources and diagenetic characteristics such as age were compared with paper.
On the basis of the full collection and comprehensive study of previous data, with the actual project work and research, through comprehensive research and analysis, bounded on the east and west of Jiujiang area controlled by different tectonic framework of characteristics of intrusive rock, mainly from the petrology, rock chemistry, magma sources and diagenetic characteristics such as age were compared with paper.
Online since: October 2024
Authors: Saad Saud Ali Shah, Noor Ali, Zeeshan Habib, Sana Taimoor, Nasir Mehboob, Fazal Ur Rehman
Zinc sulfide is mainly found in two main crystal structures i.e zinc blende and wurtzite crystal structures [7].
Zinc blende structure is also called cubic structure and it is found in bulk form at room temperature.
As zinc blende crystal structure is denser than wurtzite structure, hence number of atoms in zinc blende structure will be more than wurtzite structure.
Wang, “Growth of Anisotropic One-dimensional ZnS Nanostructures”, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 16(40): pp.3898-3905, 2006
Sharpe, ‘Inorganic Chemistry”, 4th Edition, Chapter 6, Structures and Energetics of Metallic and Ionic Solids, pp.191-192, 2008
Zinc blende structure is also called cubic structure and it is found in bulk form at room temperature.
As zinc blende crystal structure is denser than wurtzite structure, hence number of atoms in zinc blende structure will be more than wurtzite structure.
Wang, “Growth of Anisotropic One-dimensional ZnS Nanostructures”, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 16(40): pp.3898-3905, 2006
Sharpe, ‘Inorganic Chemistry”, 4th Edition, Chapter 6, Structures and Energetics of Metallic and Ionic Solids, pp.191-192, 2008
Online since: June 2017
Authors: Li Ying Xing, Bin Tai Li, Ying Deng Song
Although the fine structures of PHA fibers have been determined[5], there have been few reports on the relation between structure and mechanical properties for PHA fibers.
In addition, the structure of F-3 fiber can be described as a two-phase structure of crystalline and amorphous phase[11], which is different from Armos fiber considered as a principally non-crystalline structure[12, 13].
The sonic velocities of aramid fibers were measured on yarn using a prestress of the order of 0.1 g/den (about 10MPa) by a digital velocimeter produced by Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Structure-compressive properties relation.
Features of the fine structure of aramid fibres.
In addition, the structure of F-3 fiber can be described as a two-phase structure of crystalline and amorphous phase[11], which is different from Armos fiber considered as a principally non-crystalline structure[12, 13].
The sonic velocities of aramid fibers were measured on yarn using a prestress of the order of 0.1 g/den (about 10MPa) by a digital velocimeter produced by Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Structure-compressive properties relation.
Features of the fine structure of aramid fibres.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: I.T. Kogut, A.A. Druzhinin, V.I. Holota
On local 3D SOI structures it is possible to form both contact electrodes, and transistor structures.
Fig. 1. 3D SOI MOS-structure.
On local 3D SOI structures it is possible to form contact electrodes to structures of the different shape.
Pressure sensor on SOI structure Using local planar structures [8] authors develop a sensor for pressures in the range 0.1-0.5 MPa.
Kohut: Physics and chemistry of solid state Vol. 1 (2008), p. 164
Fig. 1. 3D SOI MOS-structure.
On local 3D SOI structures it is possible to form contact electrodes to structures of the different shape.
Pressure sensor on SOI structure Using local planar structures [8] authors develop a sensor for pressures in the range 0.1-0.5 MPa.
Kohut: Physics and chemistry of solid state Vol. 1 (2008), p. 164
Online since: May 2022
Authors: Nikolay Petkov, Pavel Kejzlar, Totka Bakalova, Pavla Capkova, Martin Kormunda, Petr Rysanek, Hristo Bahchedzhiev
Tritremmel et al. [26] studied the effect of Al and Si on the structure and mechanical properties of AlCrSiN.
The surface chemistry was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis.
Rogl, Phase Equilibria and Structural Chemistry in the Ternary Systems M-Si-N and M-B-N (M= Al, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Au, Tl, Pb, Bi), Journal of Materials Research 5 (1990) 2152 – 2159 [15] A.
Cavaleiro, High temperature properties of CrAlN, CrAlSiN and AlCrSiN coatings – Structure and oxidation, Materials Chemistry and Physics 129 (2011) 195– 201 [24] Y.
Veprek, Development of Novel Coating Technology by Vacuum Arc with Rotating Cathodes for Industrial Production of nc-(Al1−xTix)N/a-Si3N4 Superhard Nanocomposite Coatings for Dry, Hard Machining, Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing 24 (2004) 493–510 [31] S.
The surface chemistry was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis.
Rogl, Phase Equilibria and Structural Chemistry in the Ternary Systems M-Si-N and M-B-N (M= Al, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Au, Tl, Pb, Bi), Journal of Materials Research 5 (1990) 2152 – 2159 [15] A.
Cavaleiro, High temperature properties of CrAlN, CrAlSiN and AlCrSiN coatings – Structure and oxidation, Materials Chemistry and Physics 129 (2011) 195– 201 [24] Y.
Veprek, Development of Novel Coating Technology by Vacuum Arc with Rotating Cathodes for Industrial Production of nc-(Al1−xTix)N/a-Si3N4 Superhard Nanocomposite Coatings for Dry, Hard Machining, Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing 24 (2004) 493–510 [31] S.
Online since: September 2020
Authors: Mikhail N. Palatnikov, Yuriy V. Radyush, Olga B. Shcherbina, Vadim V. Efremov
Shcherbina1,d
1Tananaev Institute of Chemistry – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre
«Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences».184209, Murmansk region,
Apatity, Akademgorodok, 26.
Introduction Perovskite structure type of LixNa1-xTayNb1-yO3 solid solutions allows different deformations of the structure.
Authors suggested that a structure PT of the shift type happens in this temperature range.
Unonics, The structure of NaTaO3 by X-ray powder diffraction, Acta Crystallographica.
Waser, Temperature-induced phase transitions in micro-, submicro-, and nanocrystalline NaNbO3, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 111(50) (2007) 18493-18502
Introduction Perovskite structure type of LixNa1-xTayNb1-yO3 solid solutions allows different deformations of the structure.
Authors suggested that a structure PT of the shift type happens in this temperature range.
Unonics, The structure of NaTaO3 by X-ray powder diffraction, Acta Crystallographica.
Waser, Temperature-induced phase transitions in micro-, submicro-, and nanocrystalline NaNbO3, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 111(50) (2007) 18493-18502
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Ming Quan Ye, Ai Jun Han, Zhu Bo Liu, Chen Wang
Introduction
Cobalt Blue (CoAl2O4) is a kind of composite inorganic blue pigments with the structure of a normal spinel.
Results and Discussion Effects of doping ions on the crystal structure of complex cobalt blue pigments.
Cobalt blue pigments are normal spinel structure and cubic crystal system.
Doping does not affect the thermal stability of cobalt blue spinel structure.
Demourgues: Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 48 (2009), p. 9085-9091 [11] M.
Results and Discussion Effects of doping ions on the crystal structure of complex cobalt blue pigments.
Cobalt blue pigments are normal spinel structure and cubic crystal system.
Doping does not affect the thermal stability of cobalt blue spinel structure.
Demourgues: Inorganic Chemistry Vol. 48 (2009), p. 9085-9091 [11] M.