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Online since: May 2006
Authors: Marta C. Oliveira, José Luis Alves, Luis Filipe Menezes
One possibility is
to use phenomenological laws that accurately fit experimental data.
This type of law guarantees a good correlation with experimental data and also numerical stability.
The blank sheet is modelled with a uniform mesh of solid finite elements with 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0 20 40 60 80 100 Contact pressure P [MPa] Friction coefficient µµµµ Experimental data µ=A µ=B µ=f (P ) Figure 2 - Experimental data and corresponding evolutional friction law for the friction coefficient. 75x75 elements and two layers in thickness.
The reduction of the friction coefficient conducts to an increase of the material flow (and consequently of draw-in) in the case of the Friction Law simulation.
At the end of the punch stroke both Friction by Zones and Friction Law simulations present a similar distribution of the contact pressure as a result of the reduction of the contact area of the flange.
This type of law guarantees a good correlation with experimental data and also numerical stability.
The blank sheet is modelled with a uniform mesh of solid finite elements with 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0 20 40 60 80 100 Contact pressure P [MPa] Friction coefficient µµµµ Experimental data µ=A µ=B µ=f (P ) Figure 2 - Experimental data and corresponding evolutional friction law for the friction coefficient. 75x75 elements and two layers in thickness.
The reduction of the friction coefficient conducts to an increase of the material flow (and consequently of draw-in) in the case of the Friction Law simulation.
At the end of the punch stroke both Friction by Zones and Friction Law simulations present a similar distribution of the contact pressure as a result of the reduction of the contact area of the flange.
Online since: March 2012
Authors: Ionel Staretu, Alexandru Mihail Itu, Constantin Catalin Moldovan
The main functionality that can be extended from this class is: extending the usability of the device, capture the flow of data from the glove to computer, view and so on.
In this way, RoboSIM can be used for both immediate testing and validation of virtual reality scenarios and for saving scenario data for later use.
This will shorten the time of the transfer in real type the calculated data from virtual environment, and also will ease the interaction with the real and the virtual gripper by saving the validated data.
The data gathered can optionally be sent by RoboSIM application to the real gripper (Fig. 10).
RoboSIM can communicate too with the RoboVISION recognition module, thus substantially easing the data collection process for functional simulation achievement.
In this way, RoboSIM can be used for both immediate testing and validation of virtual reality scenarios and for saving scenario data for later use.
This will shorten the time of the transfer in real type the calculated data from virtual environment, and also will ease the interaction with the real and the virtual gripper by saving the validated data.
The data gathered can optionally be sent by RoboSIM application to the real gripper (Fig. 10).
RoboSIM can communicate too with the RoboVISION recognition module, thus substantially easing the data collection process for functional simulation achievement.
Online since: January 2020
Authors: Pavel Reiterman, Marcel Jogl
The presented data have been selected from the authors’ most recent research, which supports an economic development of a lightweight composite with the ability to withstand elevated temperatures of up to 1000 °C.
Apparently, the combination of fibres and the air-entraining additive causes an increase in the air content in the composites, which leads to a considerable reduction in bulk density.
The chemical decomposition of hydration products and the content of siliceous components in the mixture have a major impact on the reduction of the bulk density values.
The reduction of flexural strength is lower than that of compressive strength.
The evaluation of the bulk density results is also of importance, where the reduction of values due to air-entraining additive is evident.
Apparently, the combination of fibres and the air-entraining additive causes an increase in the air content in the composites, which leads to a considerable reduction in bulk density.
The chemical decomposition of hydration products and the content of siliceous components in the mixture have a major impact on the reduction of the bulk density values.
The reduction of flexural strength is lower than that of compressive strength.
The evaluation of the bulk density results is also of importance, where the reduction of values due to air-entraining additive is evident.
Online since: January 2026
Authors: Ahmed S. Al-Chalabi, Areej K. Al-Jwaid, Jaaffer A. Mohammed
The results showed a great achievement in reduction of electrical conductivity (EC) from approximately (~18 mS/cm to below 1.3 mS/cm) reflecting over 89% of salinity removal efficiency.
Set of planting pots before and after planting 2.6 Statistical analysis In this research, the data statistically analysed by employing the one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test at confident level 95% with a significance level (P ≤ 0.05) by Excel 2010 and in order to make comparisons between groups that have different types of treatment materials and three different weights added to soil samples. therefore, all data in charts were resulted from mean ± standard deviations (SD) of triple samples. 3.
In contrast, G2 the percentage of removal was ranged from (45-60%), perhaps according to Dhillon, et al., highlighted that (1g_H+Z+w), In terms of sulphate reduction, this treatment produced the best results, with the concentration dropping from 199 mg/L to 40.8 mg/L, or a reduction rate of more than 79%.
Measurement of plant heights were done as indicator of reduction of soil salinity, in addition to note the density of plants growth.
Then, mixing these materials with saline soil in various groups and different added ratio (1, 3, to 5 g) have shown a significant reduction in salinity, through measuring the concentration of salts and growing of plants.
Set of planting pots before and after planting 2.6 Statistical analysis In this research, the data statistically analysed by employing the one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test at confident level 95% with a significance level (P ≤ 0.05) by Excel 2010 and in order to make comparisons between groups that have different types of treatment materials and three different weights added to soil samples. therefore, all data in charts were resulted from mean ± standard deviations (SD) of triple samples. 3.
In contrast, G2 the percentage of removal was ranged from (45-60%), perhaps according to Dhillon, et al., highlighted that (1g_H+Z+w), In terms of sulphate reduction, this treatment produced the best results, with the concentration dropping from 199 mg/L to 40.8 mg/L, or a reduction rate of more than 79%.
Measurement of plant heights were done as indicator of reduction of soil salinity, in addition to note the density of plants growth.
Then, mixing these materials with saline soil in various groups and different added ratio (1, 3, to 5 g) have shown a significant reduction in salinity, through measuring the concentration of salts and growing of plants.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Roumen H. Petrov, Leo A.I. Kestens, Philippe Thibaux, Martin Liebeherr, V. Carretero Olalla, P. Gurla
The EBSD data were acquired in a rectangular scan grid with a step size of 0.2µm and post processed with OIM-TSL Data analysis 4.6 software.
Macrotexture data were obtained from Siemens D5000 X-ray diffractometer employing FHM-MTM software developed by Van Houtte [9].
Generally, the high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) with misorientations of 15° or higher derived from EBSD data can be used as a crystallographic domain parameter indicating the effective grain size (EGS) [12, 13, 14].
Considering together the data from the mechanical tests and microstructural studies it appears that the effective way of control of the properties is the balance between the grain size (HAGB), and the morphology represented by different bainitic structures which is reflected in the fraction of the LAGB.
Oldfield, ASTM Standardizations News, (1975) p. 24-29 [17] Wan, Q,-m, et al., Analysis method of Charpy V-notch impact data before and after electron beam welding reconstruction.
Macrotexture data were obtained from Siemens D5000 X-ray diffractometer employing FHM-MTM software developed by Van Houtte [9].
Generally, the high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) with misorientations of 15° or higher derived from EBSD data can be used as a crystallographic domain parameter indicating the effective grain size (EGS) [12, 13, 14].
Considering together the data from the mechanical tests and microstructural studies it appears that the effective way of control of the properties is the balance between the grain size (HAGB), and the morphology represented by different bainitic structures which is reflected in the fraction of the LAGB.
Oldfield, ASTM Standardizations News, (1975) p. 24-29 [17] Wan, Q,-m, et al., Analysis method of Charpy V-notch impact data before and after electron beam welding reconstruction.
Online since: June 2020
Authors: Parames Chutima, Thunwarat Sawatsuphaphon
Introduction
Contactless Chip Module is mainly used in cards and a passport for store data [1].
The historical data from July 2018 – March 2019 of the case study company showed that product lot on hold 2,399 lots that impact productivity.
Define Phase The first important stage of six sigma is defined phase that contains problem description, the impact of business case benefit after improvement to identify the scope that project will be addressed to comply with the required objective by studying details of a process flow chart and historical data then finalized by creating a project charter.
In this research, the historical data of break down product lot on hold rate VS product loading lot found Contactless Chip Module product at the electrical testing process has a 9.5% product lot on hold rate (average).
Two-Sample T-Test and CI: Before, After Change brush at Mold machine Improve Phase As a result of data analysis from ANOVA [1] in Fig. 8.
The historical data from July 2018 – March 2019 of the case study company showed that product lot on hold 2,399 lots that impact productivity.
Define Phase The first important stage of six sigma is defined phase that contains problem description, the impact of business case benefit after improvement to identify the scope that project will be addressed to comply with the required objective by studying details of a process flow chart and historical data then finalized by creating a project charter.
In this research, the historical data of break down product lot on hold rate VS product loading lot found Contactless Chip Module product at the electrical testing process has a 9.5% product lot on hold rate (average).
Two-Sample T-Test and CI: Before, After Change brush at Mold machine Improve Phase As a result of data analysis from ANOVA [1] in Fig. 8.
Online since: October 2006
Authors: J.A. Cárcel, Susana De la Fuente, A. Mulet, J.V. García-Pérez, Carmen Rosselló
However, diffusion ER model provided a high closeness between
experimental and calculated drying data (VAR>99.80).
Results and Discussion Experimental drying data.
Equilibrium moisture contents were obtained from the desorption data of carrots reported by Zhang et al. [38].
The ER model allows fitting the data quite well, the explained variance being always higher than 99.8 % and the mean relative error lower than 10%.
Moisture diffusivity data compilation for foodstuffs: effect of material moisture content and temperature.
Results and Discussion Experimental drying data.
Equilibrium moisture contents were obtained from the desorption data of carrots reported by Zhang et al. [38].
The ER model allows fitting the data quite well, the explained variance being always higher than 99.8 % and the mean relative error lower than 10%.
Moisture diffusivity data compilation for foodstuffs: effect of material moisture content and temperature.
Online since: November 2016
Authors: Mangaka Matoetoe, Fredrick Okumu
This research focuses on nanofilms derived from metal salt reduction as modifiers on glassy carbon electrode.
Pt NPs were synthesized by chemical reduction of H2PtCl6·6H2O in aqueous solution as described in the literature [34].
Further, based on Eq. (3) the value of apparent heterogeneous rate constant, ks were calculated (Table 1) and found to vary from 0.10 to 31.13 s-1 as evaluated from the experimental data.
Watson, Electrochemical reduction of oxygen on mesoporous platinum microelectrodes, Chem.
Guobiene, Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles Produced by Chemical Reduction of Silver Salt Solution, Mater.
Pt NPs were synthesized by chemical reduction of H2PtCl6·6H2O in aqueous solution as described in the literature [34].
Further, based on Eq. (3) the value of apparent heterogeneous rate constant, ks were calculated (Table 1) and found to vary from 0.10 to 31.13 s-1 as evaluated from the experimental data.
Watson, Electrochemical reduction of oxygen on mesoporous platinum microelectrodes, Chem.
Guobiene, Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles Produced by Chemical Reduction of Silver Salt Solution, Mater.
Online since: April 2008
Authors: Victor Minaev, Igor Terashkevich, Sergey Timoshenkov, Victor Kalugin, Sergey Novikov
The analysis of numerous data of X-ray
diffractometry, DSC, Raman spectroscopy etc. shows that such glassforming ICS as SiO2, GeO2.
The numerous data having been analyzed in works [3-11] for such glass-formers as S, Se, SiSe2, GeS2, GeSе2, AsSe, H2O, SiO2, GeO2, Р2О5, As2O3, Sb2О3, ТеО2, BeF2, ZnCl2 is evidence of the influence of various PM on glass and glassforming liquid structures and properties.
Glass transition and relaxation of glass On the basis of the data analysis of the x-ray small-angle scattering of glassy SiO2 Poraj-Koshits [15] comes to conclusion, that «in silica liquids fluctuation of density are incarnated in the form of cristobalite-tridimite-quartz-like sections».
According to the mentioned facts and other numerous data analyzed in detail in works [4, 6-11, 16], it is possible to formulate following notion.
At reduction of speed of cooling, the greater number polymorphoids of LTPM in the super-cooled liquid turns into polymorphoids of HTPM.
The numerous data having been analyzed in works [3-11] for such glass-formers as S, Se, SiSe2, GeS2, GeSе2, AsSe, H2O, SiO2, GeO2, Р2О5, As2O3, Sb2О3, ТеО2, BeF2, ZnCl2 is evidence of the influence of various PM on glass and glassforming liquid structures and properties.
Glass transition and relaxation of glass On the basis of the data analysis of the x-ray small-angle scattering of glassy SiO2 Poraj-Koshits [15] comes to conclusion, that «in silica liquids fluctuation of density are incarnated in the form of cristobalite-tridimite-quartz-like sections».
According to the mentioned facts and other numerous data analyzed in detail in works [4, 6-11, 16], it is possible to formulate following notion.
At reduction of speed of cooling, the greater number polymorphoids of LTPM in the super-cooled liquid turns into polymorphoids of HTPM.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Zhi Lin Wang, Hong Xia Liang, Fu Rong Li
Linear polarization results showed that the open circuit potential shifted positively with increasing bismuth content, which is explained based on the gassing data and change in the exchange current of the zinc electrode.
Fig.2 Discharge capacity of pure zinc and zinc-bismuth alloys, 6g zinc fiber in alkaline C cell with 6.2g 35% KOH, continuous discharging at 1A (TeckCominco internal data) The zinc based batteries have high energy densities compared with other alkaline batteries.
The potentiodynamic anodic polarization, the linear polarization measurements and discharging experiments were performed by employing a computer-controlled Autolab PGSTAT30 (Eco Chemie, The Netherlands), and all the data were analyzed by GPES software.
This appears to be the case according to the data of passivation time (Fig.12), which shows that passivation time decreases with increasing of Bi concentration.
This is in agreement with the data on the exchange current.
Fig.2 Discharge capacity of pure zinc and zinc-bismuth alloys, 6g zinc fiber in alkaline C cell with 6.2g 35% KOH, continuous discharging at 1A (TeckCominco internal data) The zinc based batteries have high energy densities compared with other alkaline batteries.
The potentiodynamic anodic polarization, the linear polarization measurements and discharging experiments were performed by employing a computer-controlled Autolab PGSTAT30 (Eco Chemie, The Netherlands), and all the data were analyzed by GPES software.
This appears to be the case according to the data of passivation time (Fig.12), which shows that passivation time decreases with increasing of Bi concentration.
This is in agreement with the data on the exchange current.