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For experimental purposes, a plasma torch is fixed on the tool carrier of a lathe to adjust scan velocity (refer with: Figure1), stand-off distance and scan screw pitch, and the parts is rotated. 2.1 Experiments In the plasma treatment experiments, we choose some typical materials, such as steel 45, 35CrMoV, grey iron, etc.
The results on structural transformations in these materials can be used to compare with the results of laser hardening.
Acknowledgements The work was under financial support from Science and technology project of Shenyang City (F11-136-3-00).
Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2007(3) [5] WANG Shuo-gui, ZHAI Chao.

Materials Aspergillus NigerB0201 was screened out by UV mutation at Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy ,and was maintained in Czapek slants culture medium at 4 ˚C .All chemicals were analytical grade used in the study.
Methods Preparation of tannase.Extracellular tannase was obtained by using the method of solid-state fermentation with uncooked materials,and extracted by distilled water[2] ,then, it was taken two steps to be precipitated at the 40%and 90%(w/w) ammonium sulfate[3].
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Industrial Research Project Of Guizhou Province (The process optimization and industrial research of tannase solid-state fermentation with uncooked materials by Aspergillus Niger) References [1] Kenji Aoki, Ryu Shlnke, Hiroshi Nishira.
(in China) [4] Weiwei Wang,Shuyi Qiu,Xiaoli Xie,etc.Extracellular enzyme purified tannins and enzymology properties research[J].Food science,2011,32(13):239-243.
(in China) [5] Luhong Guo,Shunkai Yang,etc.Using the immobilized aspergillus Niger tannin enzyme preparation research of gallic acid[J].Journal of biological engineering,2000,16(5):614~617.

Microstructure Change of Molybdenum Disilicide Heating Unit in Nitrogen Atmosphere at 1700°°°°C Baolin Liu1, Jingzhou Yang2, Huang Zhaohui2, a, Yangai Liu2, Minghao Fang2 1 School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, China University of Petroleum Beijing, Beijing 102249, China 2 National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences Beijing, Beijing 100083, China a huang118@cugb.edu.cn Keywords: MoSi2; Heating unit Abstract.
Acknowledgements This research is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50572098 and No.50774069), the Open Foundation of The Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Refractories and Ceramics Ministry-Province jointly-Constructed Cultivation Base for State key Laboratory (Grant No.G0608) and the Open Foundation of National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences (Grant No.07B006).
Li: High Temperature Structure Materials (National Defense Industry Press, Beijing, China, 2006). p.267-268
Liu: Journal of Changsha Railway University.

In this method, heat and pressure are used to promote interdiffusion of polymer segments between two surfaces of similar material.
Stiffness of material decreases under higher temperature, thus allowing greater extent of material flow and molecular interdiffusion at the bonding interface.
Polymer, being a viscoelastic material, undergoes molecular chain rearrangement when it is subjected to a stress.
Acknowledgement This research is funded by the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
Kristensen: Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering Vol. 14 (2004), p. 814

Materials Power /kW Ar /slpm He /slpm Feed rate /(gּmin-1) Carrier Gas Ar/nlpm Stand-off distance/mm Pre-heating temperature/℃ Current/A 7YSZ 128 35 60 2×9 16 650/950/1100/1250/1400 938 2600 Testing and Characterization.
Evans, Mechanisms governing the performance of thermal barrier coatings, Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, 4 (1999) 255-265
Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 21(2012)435-440
Advanced Materials and Processes, 169(2011) 49-51
Journal Thermal Spray Technology, 19(2010) 502-509

They added an additional term to the elastic / plastic strain rate decomposition which represents the local shortening of a material segment when it becomes wavy due to buckling.
The elastic constants of the material are E=210MPa (the Young’s modulus) and =0.3 (the Poisson’s ratio).
Rateau, The arlequin method as a flexible engineering design tool, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. 62 (2005) 1442-1462
Potier-Ferry, Méthode asymptotique numérique, Hermès Science Publications, 2007
Buessler, Coupled and uncoupled approaches for thin cold strip buckling prediction, International Journal of Material Forming. 2 (2009) 833-836

J.: Materials science perpective of metals fatigue resistance.
Materials Science and Technology. 9: pp. 453-462. (1993)
Suresh, Subra: Fatigue of Materials. ed.
Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures
Journal of the institute of metals. 62: pp. 307-324

Experimental Specimen preparation Zinc, Bismuth (99.9999 mass% purity, all supplied by Beijing Mountain Technical Development Center) was used as starting materials.
Finally the melted materials were cast onto the Cu-plated FR-4 PCB board.
The conductive paths of a trench shape were soldered with different tin-rich materials: (i) Sn-3.0Ag0.5Cu, (ii) 98(Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu)-2Bi, (iii) 98(Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu)-2Zn, (iv) 96(Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu)-2Zn-2Bi.
Despite of these, in this experiment, a simple pair of electrodes was applied because the primary goal was to research dendrite structures of ECM and the failure mechanism of solder as the interconnection materials in electronic packaging [28].
Tadic, Microelectronics Journal 30, 887 (1999)

Introduction The hydrocyclone for oil-water separation is a sort of equipment that is used to separate two-phase flow materials of different densities by creating strong swirl, large centrifugal forces in the separation process.
Acknowledgement This work was financially supported by the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation （CSTS-2008BB7142， CSTC-2010AC7034）.
Cao, et al, “Numerical simulation of the effects of turbulence intensity and boundary layer on separation efficiency in a cyclone separator,”Chemical Engineering Journal 95 (2003) , p.235–240.

The Analysis of Torsional Vibration of Coiler Drive System Xuewen Sun 1, a, Haibo Yang 2, b 1, 2School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
Assigned material properties as Table 1.
Table 1 Material Properties Name Modulus[Gpa] Poisson’s ratio Density[Kg/m-3] Aluminum coil 0.7 0.3 2700 Motor/ Transmission shaft 2.1 0.3 7850 Gear 2.1 0.3 7850 Figure 2 FEM model of the transmission system Simulation Results and Discussions Torsional Vibration at Full Load.
Comparison of Analytic Method and Finite Element Method in Calculation of Torsional Vibration of Mill’s Main Drive System, Journal of Chongqing Institute of Technology, 05(2008) 24-27