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But in fact many design problems depend on multi-dimensional population data, which are multi-dimensional random variables and follow certain distribution laws.
In order to meet target design confidence level, required human data should be based on their distribution characteristics [8].
Motor driving force, reduction ratio, and spring parameters would be determined after all structural dimensions had been fixed.
Therefore, worm reduction motor would be preferred with advantages of compact structure, smooth running and low noise.
Types of reduction motors could be determined based on above calculations

One way for production of metallic alloys is powder metallurgy (PM) that is an excellent tool for the near net-shape fabrication of surgical implants due to some inherent advantages, including the capability of precisely adjusting chemical compositions, feasibility, modulus reduction through the inclusion of pores and also and reduction of costs [1].
The XRD patterns were compared with the database PDF-2 of the International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD).
The significant reduction in D50% is due increased milling time and consequently greater number of collisions (impact) between the balls of crucible and the alloy particles promoting the breakage of larger particles by processes as microforging, fracture, agglomeration and deagglomeration [9].
milling Time [h] D10% [µm] D50% [µm] D90% [µm] 2 10.60 39.7 94.10 6 3.20 9.0 15.9 10 1.4 4.6 9.10 The variation green density of samples is in Fig. 3, as seen there is decrease on density due the reduction on particle size.
The treatment applied in samples with 10 milling hours exhibit modulus and hardness according data of ti-13Nb-13-Zr alloy, density of 90.44 % of theoretical density and smaller porosity.

In the case of the tempering temperature at or above 723 K, the data approaches those of single crystals.
The increase of the ratio indicates a significant reduction of the grain boundary effect on the martensite.
The reduction of the grain boundary effect corresponds to a decrease in the second term of the Hall-Petch relation that is composed of the grain size term d -n and the locking parameter k.
Thus, the significant increase of the ratio Hn/Hv corresponding to the reduction of the grain boundary effect at 723 K is mainly attributed to the disappearance of the film-like cementite on the boundaries.
In this way, a rocking parameter k can be semiquantitatively evaluated using data of nanohardness and grain size for just one sample without changing a grain size to have a Hall-Petch plot.

In each case, spectrum data have been analyzed depending on temperature changes (5℃, room temperature, 60℃), and transmittance and reflectance have been measured.
In terms of load reduction, the absorber Low-E glass was more efficient than transparent pair glass.
In the triple models (Models 3 and 4), high reduction rates (30% or above) were detected.
Compared to the low-E pair glass (1.7W/㎡·K of insulation efficiency, SHGC 0.5), the load reduction was 20.3%.
In addition, the high-efficiency glass exceeded low-E pair glass in terms of the reduction of load.

Boland defined the pollution pricing as: a means of monetary stimulus provided spontaneously to the polluters’ non-compulsive behavior to improve the environmental Paolo (1995, 2001) carried out a research on this issue, based on research of Nash (1978), Oldfield and Bly (1988), considered the maximization of the fuel consumption reduction as the objective function to optimize public transport services[3,4].
According to the empirical data and general conclusions on the exhaust emissions and speed made by H.
Based on this idea, considers the reduction of urban traffic pollution, and regards the maximization of the user surplus as traffic management objective, and meanwhile, consider the strategies of congestion pricing, bus fare, and road congestion pricing revenue is used for road expansion or public transport.
The road network, related data, O-D matrix and traffic demand of every travel mode can be obtained from reference [14].
The model reveals how to induce traffic travel behavior, and thus the reduction of the traffic environmental pollution management, with private transportation air pollution pricing, congestion pricing, bus fee and pricing revenue redistribution.

Developments of construction require a reduction of building time, improvement of working efficiency and quality.
Data presented in Table 2.
Name / period Cargo-passenger hoist Cargo hoist Full period of equipment operation for the 15-storey building,months 6 6,5 Full period of equipment operation for the 15-storey building,shifts 248 270 Full period of equipment operation for the 25-storey building,months 9 9,5 Full period of equipment operation for the 25-storey building,shifts 372 394 [25] Based on data in tables 1, 2 and 3 total expenses were calculated for each equipment.
[18] Sorensen, K.L., Singhose, W., Dickerson, S.A., Controller enabling precise positioning and sway reduction in bridge and gantry cranes (2007) Control Engineering Practice, Vol. 15, 7, pp. 825-837
[22] Sorensen, K.L., Singhose, W., Dickerson, S.A., Controller enabling precise positioning and sway reduction in bridge and gantry cranes (2007) Control Engineering Practice, Vol. 15, 7, pp. 825-837

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the deformation mechanism of burn resistant titanium alloy (Ti-35V-15Cr-Si-C) at the elevated temperatures by studying of the flow behavior and microstructure evolution of differently hot compressed samples, based on compression testing data of as-cast and as-extruded burn resistant titanium alloy.
The height reduction is 50%.
Fig.3 Cracking in as-cast state alloy, occurring at 1s-1 and 0.01s-1, 50% reduction Fig.4 Cracking in as-extrude state alloy, occurring at 1s-1, 50% reduction Hot deformation activation energy The work-hardening and softening of alloys occur at the same time and compete between contenting aspects during hot deformation.
The work-hardening is a phenomenon that flow stress increases with increment of the upset reduction, because of pile-up of dislocation forms around original grain boundaries and carbide branches.
The Arrhenius hyperbolic sine equation can be written in the form: (6) The solution formula of the deformation activation energy can be obtained from Eq.(6) (7) Since the peak flow stress σp and strain rate and deformation temperature T are known based on hot compression testing data, using Eq.(3) and Eq.(4) and Eq.(6), the parameter of k and n1 can be obtained by linear fitting, and deformation activation energies can be calculated.

However, thermodynamic data [12] showed that magnesium hydride could exist in the film of magnesium corrosion product.
It is well-known that mercury droplet has very high overpotential and low exchange current density for the reduction of H +.
They also exhibited low exchange current density and higher overpotential for H + reduction[16].
This indicates that the addition of Cd restrans both the reduction of H + and the formation of magnesium hydride.
In the weak-polarized region, the measured data equals to the absolute difference between the anodic current density and the cathodic current density of the matrix, which can be written as |Ia-Ic|.

The representative results of the DSC temperature scans and the corresponding melting-temperature data are shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1, correspondingly.
The potentiodynamic polarization curves are shown in Fig. 3, and the corresponding data of the corrosion potentials (Ecorr) and current densities (Icorr) are summarized in Table 2.
The reduction of zinc content from 9 wt% to 7 wt% increased the Ecorr values from -924 mV to -903 mV.
Apparently, the reduction of Zn content and the increase of Cu content improved the corrosion resistance of the Sn-Zn-Cu solder alloys.
Therefore, a reduction of a Zn-to-Cu ratio apparently improved the corrosion resistance of the alloys.

The data from uniaxial tensile tests were used to describe the deformation mechanisms of AZ31 during biaxial gas blow forming. 3.
The corresponding thickness reduction is 59%.
In addition, the maximum thickness reduction occurred at the dome pole in simulation.
Based on the data from tensile tests, parameters of hyperbolic sine creep law model was determined at 400 ºC.
In addition, the maximum thickness reduction occurred at the dome pole in simulation.