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Moreover, in the biomechanics field, the elastic behavior of micro-pump or artificial membranes in the blood flow is concerned by this type of interaction as reported by Scotti et al. [11] and Tezduyar et al. [12].
The model validation is carried out using the results obtained by Andreo et al [13] and Mokhtari et al [14].
It should be noted that this type of problem has already been studied numerically by Errera et al. [25].
It can be seen that there is an acceptable agreement between the results obtained by the developed model and those of Andreo et al. [13] and Mokhtari et al. [14].
Al-Amiri, K.

Al-Ti alloys, which have Al3Ti platelet particles in Al matrix, were deformed by ECAP with routes A and Bc.
Al-5mass%Ti alloy has platelet Al3Ti particles in α-Al matrix.
ECAP for Al-5mass%Ti samples.
Watanabe et al.
Watanabe et al. have reported that Al-Al3Ti FGM has strong anisotropic wear property [8].

.% Al) (1) The Moeq is ≥ 10 for β alloys.
Furuhara et al. [12] reported that DA of Ti15-3 alloy caused a more uniform and finer distribution of a particles compared to SA.
Ivasishin et al. [13] carried out preaging at 300 oC for 8 h followed by aging at 450 oC and 538 oC of the Ti15-3 alloy and obtained an improvement in proof strength (PS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) coupled with an improvement in % elongation (% El) and % reduction in area (% RA) values, compared to single step aging. 2.2.2 Effect of rate of heating to aging temperature During the aging treatment of metastable β titanium alloys, heating rate adopted to attain the desired temperature plays an important role in α precipitation [14-17].
Wu et al. [17] reported a significant increase in microhardness of the Ti-15-3 alloy when a lower heating rate was used.
Hsu et al [25] also reported a very low elongation (3%) for Ti15-3 alloy, after aging for 8 hours at 371 oC. 3.3.2 Degradation of toughness Aman Thakkar et al [26] carried out evaluation of impact toughness of Ti15-3 alloy as a function isochronal aging at different aging temperatures.

Asim et al. [2] reported that PALF shows superiority in terms of its mechanical properties over other plant-based fibers.
Oushabi et al. [12] associated this reduction to the chemical degradation of the fiber when using NaOH concentrations greater than 5%.
Asim et al., “A review on pineapple leaves fibre and its composites,” Int.
El Bouari, “The effect of alkali treatment on mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of date palm fibers (DPFs): Study of the interface of DPF–Polyurethane composite,” South African J.
[14] Ikramullah et al., “Evaluation of Interfacial Fracture Toughness and Interfacial Shear Strength of Typha Spp.

On the other hand, a slight increase in impact strength was found by Asar et al. [17] when they used ZrO2, Al2O3, and TiO2.
From the spectrum, it was observed that the absorption band of Al-OH was specified at 914 and 696 cm-1 which are conformable to Al-OH bending vibrations of kaolinite.
Al Kheraif, R.
El-maghraby, Characterization and assessment of Saudi clays raw material at different area.
Al-Thbity, A.S.

Al-Ahmed, P.
El-Mossalamy, S.
Al-Thabaiti, I.
El-Hallag, A.

., El-Eswed, B. & Ala’a, H., Adsorption characteristics of natural zeolites as solid adsorbents for phenol removal from aqueous solutions: kinetics, mechanism, and thermodynamics studies, Chem.
C. et al, Adsorption of phenol and nitrophenols by carbon nanospheres: Effect of pH and ionic strength, Sep.
A. et al, Removal of phenols from aqueous solutions by emulsion liquid membranes, J.
[7] Zhu, X. et al, Scale-up of BDD anode system for electrochemical oxidation of phenol simulated wastewater in continuous mode, J.
[28] Zhai, R. et al, Chitosan–halloysite hybrid-nanotubes: Horseradish peroxidase immobilization and applications in phenol removal, Chem.

Ramesh et al., 2015 reported the water absorbency rate of silver is high in distilled water as compared to sodium chloride solution.
Francesco et al., 2015 prepared cellulose based superabsorbent hydrogels that are highly biodegradable and biocompatible for agricultural use.
Varma et al., (2017) reported the interaction of nanocomposite (silver, carbon, titanium and zinc) with Piriformospora indica that effect on plant growth [22].
Al No effect on root elongation of Triticum aestivum Decreased root growth and germination in Lolium perenne.
El-Shanshoury, S.E.

Similar observations were made by Rodarte et al. [18] and Gupta et al. [34].
Pradhan, Hind Al-Johani & Pradip B.
[40] Mani, Santosh, et al.
[42] Liu, Xuelian, et al.
[44] Cao, Mingxuan, et al.

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