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We discovered that such kind of reversed swirl flow would enhance the magnitude of main swirl flow vorticity. 1.
Scientists form Ohio University unprecedentedly invented a tornado vortex simulator(TVS), which was famous for its convenience in controlling the magnitude of vorticity inside the simulator.[1] Fig.1 TVS swirler developed by Ohio university Afterwards, Canadian research Pooyan Hashemi Tari (2009)measured the internal pressure and velocity distribution of the vortex created by the TVS.
The fluid dynamics equations of SST turbulent model are listed as follow: （1） （2） During these equations, stands for turbulent energy,is equation .
References [1] Pooyan Hashemi Tari,Roi Gurka,Horia Hangan.Experimental investigation of tornado-like vortex dynamics with swirl ratio:The mean and turbulent flow fields[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2010：936-944
Partha P.Sarkar .Near-ground tornado-like vortex structure resolved by particle image velocimetry[J].2012:479-493

Silva2,f 1Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology – IFPA PO Box 479 - 66093-020 – Belém, PA, Brazil 2Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará-UFPA Augusto Correa Avenue 1, 66075-110 Belém, PA, Brazil aotavio.rocha@ifpa.edu.br, balsm@ufpa.edu.br, c tcosta88@gmail.com, dmarcelino@fem.unicamp.br eleyre.engmec@hotmail.com, fmariaestillac@gmail.com Keywords: Thermal Parameters, Microstructure, Microhardness, Al-6wt.
Fig. 1.
In the literature, the vast majority of theoretical and experimental works, which deal with the microstructural evolution, have been investigated for binary alloys [1-12] and almost nothing for ternary alloys [13-16].
As can be seen by Fig. 4 the variation of HV on l1 and l1-1/2 can be represented by power and Hall-Petch type equations gives by HV=3926(l1)-0.6 and HV=-113.8 + 4067.3(λ1)-1/2, respectively.
References [1] T.

The time ratios for two different incubations were varied, namely 1/2, 1/1, and 2/1.
Figure 1.
References [1] A.P.
Food Control 31(1):22-27
J Bacteriol 164 (1):479-483 [16] M.Chevalier, E.C.Lin, R.L.Levine (1990) Hydrogen peroxide mediates the oxidative inactivation of enzymes following the switch from anaerobic to aerobic metabolism in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Bi2Te3 bulk materials were prepared by combining chemical bath method and hot pressing at 80 MPa and 375 oC for 1 h.
Fig.1 Standard data of Bi2Te3 (JCPDS card 15-0863) (a), typical X-ray diffraction pattern of bulk I (b) and bulk II (c).
The bulks consist of randomly oriented plate-like grains (about 1 μm big and a few hundreds nm thick).
References [1] J.P.
Science 2 (2009)466–479

However, the actuation strain observed was very small around 10ppm which was 1/1000 times lower than the calculated value.
A representative FSMA is NiMnGa, and 0.2% magnetic-field-induced strain (MFIS) was firstly reported by Ullakko et al. [1, 2].
Fig. 1 Fabrication of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy particles (FSMAP) and FSMAP/polymer composites proposed by our group as an industrial process.
References [1] K.
Forum, 475-479 (2005) p.2067

The second charge and discharge capacities were ~63 and ~43 mAh g–1 in propylene carbonate-based electrolyte and ~86 and ~60 mAh g–1 in ethylene carbonate-based electrolyte, respectively.
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), a flat plateau was observed at ~ 0.88 V during first charging, whereas it was observed at ~0.79 V in Fig. 1 (b).
References [1] D.
Power Sources 54 (1995) 479-482
Phys. 1 (2005) 39-41

Waste paper was cut in small pieces – approximately 1×1 cm.
Table 1.
Fig.1.
References [1] M.
Liu, Preparation of Nanocrystalline Cellulose Via Ultrasound and Its Reinforcement Capability for Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Composites, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 19 (3) (2012) 479-485

The sintering was done by using electric muffle furnace at a temperature of 5500C for 1 hour.
The high compressive strength was obtained for the Al-5%TiO2 composite. 1.
Fig.1.
Table 1.
Alloys Compds,479 (2009) 334–341

Table 1 Chemical composition of samples studied Serial number AlN /vol % Mo /vol % CaF2 /wt% CaCO3 /wt% 1 82 18 1 0 2 82 18 2 0 3 82 18 3 0 4 82 18 0 1 5 82 18 0 2 6 7 82 80 18 20 0 1 3 0 8 80 20 0 1 Results and discussion The XRD patterns of AlN-Mo composite with hot pressed sintering is shown in Fig.1.
Mo2C has a melting point of 2520˚C, a thermal conductivity of 21.5 W·m-1·K-1 and an electric conductivity of 72 Ω·cm.
The thermal conductivity of the composite is 159 W·m-1·K-1 with 18vol % Mo content and is 157.8 W·m-1·K-1 with 20vol% content according to the formula (1).And the thermal conductivity of the former is slightly higher than the latter.
Reference [1] L.Q.
Soc. 62(9-10), 1979, 476-479

Zabidi 1,b, A.
Table 1.
Sample Ratio (tungsten organometallic sol:PANi) tungsten organometallic sol (mL) (1 mL ~ 1 g) PANi (g) S1 100:0 4.00 0.00 S2 100:1 4.00 0.04 S3 100:4 4.00 0.16 Figure 1: Structure of sensor fabrication.
References [1] H.
Arshak, "Preparation and characterisation of ZnFe2O4/ZnO polymer nanocomposite sensors for the detection of alcohol vapours," Superlattices and Microstructures, vol. 42, pp. 479-488, 2007