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The machinability coefficient of the materials can be calculated with the relation: Kpr=τrσr=RfRm (3) where: τr, Rf – the tangential mechanical stress to failure by stretching, respectively by shear; σr, Rm – the normal mechanical stress to failure by stretching, respectively by shear.
Conclusions This research provides further evidence that the optimization of unconventional technologies cannot be considered definitively completed, as long as there is progress in science and technology.
The results obtained confirm the conclusions of other research on the hybridization of ultrasonic and magnetic activation of the processing space by WEDM [9], [10], but bring important openings in terms of process monitoring and correlation of activation parameters, in relation to the particularities given by the processed materials. final quality.
Ghiculescu, L.D. and Mnerie, D., (2020), Thermal and Mechanical Influence of Ultrasonically Aided Electrical Discharge Machining on Co-Cr Alloys, Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publ
[8] Țîțu, A.M., Mnerie, D., Dragomir, D.C., Mnerie G.V., (2021), Study Regarding, Process of electrical Discharge Machining with Magnetic Activation of the Welded Joints of some Materials High Alloy Steel, Key Engineering Materials, ISSN: 1662-9795, vol.890, pp.141-146, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., Switzerland, (2021)

Analysis and application for the influence of cooling strategy on cooling capacity in the laminar cooling of hot rolling strip Zhang Dazhi1, a, Ye Haili1, b 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China a100zdz@163.com, byehaili@163.com Key words: Laminar cooling; Temperature control; Cooling strategy; Cooling capacity; Finite difference method; Hot rolling strip Abstract.
The initial conditions: (2) Boundary conditions: Adiabatic boundary conditions: (3) Convective heat transfer boundary conditions: (4) 1.2 Treatment on the physical parameters When hot strip is water cooled, the temperature varies greatly and materials’ thermal properties change significantly with the state of material organization and temperature.
Heat flux transfers in the radiation way follows Stephen Boltzmann's law: (5) Where is Stephen Boltzmann constant; is radiation coefficient of the material surface; is area; and are temperature of strip surface and ambient temperature respectively.
References [1] [1] Xie Haibo, She Guangfu, Liu Hua, Wang Guodong development and implementation of hot rolled strip laminar cooling set model of Northeastern University (Natural Science), 2004, 25 (10): 961 - 964
Journal of Iron and Steel Research. 2008.20 (10) .25 ~ 27

Currently, etching and chemo-mechanical polishing (CMP) are performed to remove the subsurface-damaged material layers.
First, it involves no material removal, thus preserves the dimensions of the workpiece.
Acknowledgements This work has been supported by Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research (Project No. 20656023) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).
Kuriyagawa: Response of machining-damaged single-crystalline silicon wafers to nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation, Semiconductor Science and Technology, 22 (2007) 392-395
Yan: Laser micro-Raman spectroscopy of single-point diamond machined silicon substrates, Journal of Applied Physics, 95, 4 (2004) 2094-2101

Effects of Microstructure Transformation on Strengthening and Toughening for Heat-Treated Low Carbon Martensite Stainless Bearing Steel Xiaohong Yuan1, 2, a, Maosheng Yang2, b and Kunyu Zhao1, c* 1Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province, China 650093 2Institute of Special Steel, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China 100081 ayxhong87@163.com, bmshyang@sina.com, c*zhaokunyu.kmust@gmail.com Keywords: Strengthening and toughening, Yield strength, Impact energy, Lath martensite, EBSD, Hall-Petch relationship.
In addition, the geometry of bearings can dramatically influence the choice of material, bearing performance and its ability to bear loads [1].
Experimental Material and Methods The tested steel is produced in a vacuum induction-melting furnace and the ingots are forged into 220mm in diameter.
Mohan, Microstructural study of cryogenically treated En 31 bearing steel, Journal of materials processing technology. 209(2009) 3351-3357

Materials and Methods The synthesis of sodium 4’-[3’’,4’’,5’’-tris(dodecyloxy)benzoyloxy]-azobenzene-4-sulfonate (C12-Na) and sodium 4’-[3’’,4’’,5’’-tris-(octyloxy)benzoyloxy]azobenzene-4-sulfonate (C8-Na) was described in our previous papers. [7,8] Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) measurements were performed at the BM26 and ID10 beamlines of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble (France) using a custom-designed environmental chamber. [9,10] The energy of X-ray photons was 12 keV.
Thus, phase 2 is pseudo-hexagonal columnar, and characterizes the structure of material in the absence of water channels.
Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the Ministry of Science and High Education of the Russian Federation for financial support (contract No. 14.587.21.0052 (RFMEFI58718X0052)).
Madsen, Humidity-modulated phase control and nanoscopic transport in supramolecular assemblies, Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 11 (2014) 3207-3217
Ivanov, From Channel‐Forming Ionic Liquid Crystals Exhibiting Humidity‐Induced Phase Transitions to Nanostructured Ion‐Conducting Polymer Membranes, Advanced Materials. 25 (2013) 3543-3548

If it is true that R&D support should be very selectively directed towards science-based regions, it looks also crucial that other innovation strategies could be devised and supported in regions operating inside other ‘innovation ‘patterns’, e.g. enhancing inter-regional cooperation in knowledge applications or mobility of researchers, or favoring utilization of more advanced technologies in traditional specializations [21] [22] [23].
The full spectrum of territorial capital typologies may be considered and included, provided that good measures or proxies are available, ranging from material natural and cultural heritage to immaterial human and cognitive capital, from artificial public goods to private capital goods, from the structure of the urban system to identitarian capital, from club goods – like private networks – or impure public goods - subject to congestion effects and opportunistic behavior - to social or relational capital.
In: Scienze Regionali – Italian Journal of Regional Science, Special Issue on “Smart specialization and the new EU cohesion policy reform”, vol. 13, n. 1, (2014), pp.15-32 [3] R.
In: Scienze Regionali – Italian Journal of Regional Science, Special Issue on “Smart specialization and the new EU cohesion policy reform”, vol. 13, n. 1, (2014), pp. 33-50 [21] R.
In: Scienze Regionali – Italian Journal of Regional Science, Special Issue on “Smart specialization and the new EU cohesion policy reform”, vol. 13, n. 1, (2014), pp. 60-106 [24] R.

At first,ecological environment is the foundation,which means that,better ecological environment is the material basis and premise of social activities.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Xinjiang Graduate research and innovation projects (XJGRI2013138),the Graduate research projects Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics(2013006) and the Humanities and Social Sciences fund research projects of Ministry of Education(10YJA790024).
China population, resources and environment, 2009, 19 (2):56-62 [6]Yuming Wu,Yan Zhang.Analyzing Coupled Regional Economic Growth and Environmental Conservation in China[J]. resources science,2008, 30 (1): 25-30 [7]Juanjuan Zong et al.
Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University (SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION), 2009,29 (3):21-28 [9]Xinchun Li.
Chinese Journal of Management, 2008,5 (5):703-707 [10]Li Qian, Zhongwei Chen,Renqiao Xiao.Coupling coordination degree of Chinese regional industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization and analysis of influence factors [J].

Introduction Cellulose-based superabsorbent materials, as one of three categories of natural superabsorbent materials (starch, cellulose and synthetic polymers), are developing rapidly.
So how to prepare inexpensive but high quality of superabsorbent materials with abundant celluloses, is a very important research topic, which has been the big part of the superabsorbent materials[3].
Although there are lots of new technologies and new materials, traditional cotton gauze still is the main materials of wound care.
Liu: Journal of South China Technology University Vol. 2(2000), p. 46 [5] Y.M.
Cui: Henan Science Vol. 2(2000), p. 164 [7] Z.X.

The coefficient of main elements recovery is determined in advance by experience, for different factory, furnace and different materials, which is not a faxed value.
Determining the slag composition by phase diagram and the law of conservation of mass in submerged arc furnace are foundation of the new method, therefore, that has stronger universal can be applied to different submerged arc furnace which using different materials.
Raw materials and products The raw material used in the present investigation were prepared by ferroalloy factory A as described in Table 1.
Table 4 Coefficient of major elements recovery used by factory B [wt%] Mn Fe P Si 90 95 90 60 The amounts of all kinds of raw materials calculated according to chemistry reaction, based on 1000 kg ferroalloy.
(in Chinese) [7] S.F.Yan: Journal of northern China mining college.

Constantinescu1,a , Marin Sandu1,b , Liviu Marsavina2,c , Radu Negru2,d , Matei Miron1 , Dragos Apostol1 1 University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Department of Strength of Materials, ROMANIA 2 University POLITEHNICA of Timisoara, Department of Strength of Materials, ROMANIA a dancon1@form.resist.pub.ro, b sandum@form.resist.pub.ro, cmsvina@mec.upt.ro, d radun@mec.upt.ro Keywords: digital image correlation, sandwich composite, local damage, crack propagation Abstract.
The weight savings that were realized by applying composites used to be one of the main drivers to apply these materials.
The objective, therefore, is to combine new cost effective fabrication methods with lightweight structural concepts in order to bring the exploitation of composite materials to a higher level.
Song: Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 26, pp. 1554-1577 (1992) [6] D.M.
Miron, in: The 13th International Conference of Fracture Mechanics, November 1-3, Bacau, MOCM 13, Volume 4 - Romanian Technical Sciences Academy, p. 53-56, ISSN 1224-7480 (2007) [11] M.